Tablou clinic, dg, tx Flashcards

1
Q

Cel mai des intalnita patologie infectioasa umana

A

rinita acuta virala = guturaiul comun

copii <5 ani

inf virala → descuamare cel epiteliale ciliate

initial : secretii sero-mucoase si flora locala → drenaj purulent : inf bacteriene sec

regenerare epiteliu : ziua a 14-a

recuperare functie ciliara + ameliorarea simptomelor rinitei : pot intarzia cateva sapt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rinita bacteriana

copii + adulti dupa

A

traumatisme nazale

infectii virale cai aeriene sup

interv chir

prez clinica poate fi identica cu a guturaiului

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ag etiologici rinita bacteriana

A

S pneumoniae

H influenzae

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cea mai frecventa deformare

A

infundarea unui os nazal

deplasare laterala os contralateral

LOVITURA LATERAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lovituri directe frontale

A

aplatizare + largire dorsum nasi

*severa → forte transmise post → implicare sinus etmoid / pereti mediali orbita / lamina cribriforma

rinolicvoree

hipertelorism → lezare tendon cantal medial

anosmie → fractura nazo-orbito-etmoidala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hematom septal nazal este provocat de

A

acumularea sangelui intre cartilaj - pericondru supraiacent → separa cartilaj de sursa de vascularizatie

drenaj prompt

→ prevenim formare abces

resorbtia cartilajului → NAS IN SA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atrezia coanala

A

persistenta membranei nazo-bucale → deschidere incompelta perete post cavitate nazala = coana

dgx suspectat cand

  • hranirea initiala → obstructie progresiva, cianoza, sufocare, aspiratie

obstructie cale aeriana - temporar amelioara prin plans

  • imposibilitatea trecerii unui cateter mic prin nas → nazo-faringe

stentare cu o cale aeriana orala

intubare endotraheala

deschidere chirurgicala a coanelor prin stentare prelungita NECESARA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Atrezie coanala - copil evaluat pt alte anomalii cranio-faciale / de tract superior aero-digestiv

A

palatoschizis

stenoza subglotica

sinostoza cranio-faciala

fistula traheo-esofagiana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Organisme des incriminate in sinuzita acuta

A

SMH

S pneumoniae

M Catarrhalis

H influenzae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Trat empiric in cazurile necomplicate

A

Amoxi - Ac clavulanic

Cefprozil

Cefuroxima

Claritromicina

Loracarbef

+

cura scurta decongestionante nazale topice

steroizi intranazali

+

decongestionante sistemice

spray-uri nazale saline

expectorante

umidificare mediu

comprese calde

analgezice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Trat chirurgical indicat daca

A

terapia medicamentoasa adecvata → rasp nesatisfacator

risc mare de complicatii extranazale ale sinuzitei

inf orbitala

meningita

tromboza sinusala intracraniana

celulita faciala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Localizarea sinuzita cronica

90% dintre cazuri

A

reg anterioara sinus etmoidal

meat mijlociu (complexul ostio-meatal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Durerea din sinuzita cronica

A

indicata in zone deservite de

divizunea oftalmica / maxilara a n. trigemen

surda

profunda

non-pulsatila

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cauze sinuzita cronica

A

disfunctia ciliara

deficienta imunitara

alergia nazala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trat antimicrobian sinuzita cronica - indicatii

A

prezenta inflam acuta coexistenta

pacientii care nu au efectuat o cura prelungita cu antibiotice cu rezistenta la B-lactamaza

+ spray uri intranazale steroidiene topice → reduce inflamatia → refacere permeab ostium

spray uri nazale saline

expectorante

inceetare fumat

crestere aport fluide → promoveaza clearance muco-ciliar → reduce vascozitatea mucusului

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Infectii fungice - organisme oportuniste

A

Phycomycetes (Mucor / Rhizopus)

Aspergillus

17
Q

Papilom scuamos

A

tumora benigna, similara unei veruci

→ jonct muco-cutanata a vestibulului nazal

18
Q

Cea mai intalnita tumora ce implica sinusurile paranazale

se dezv in regiunea fronto-etmoidala

A

osteom

histologic benigne

papiloamele invertite → invazive local

10-15% → carcinoame cu celule scuamoase

19
Q

Angiofibromul juvenil nazo-faringian

la niv fosei pterigo-maxilare

A

tumora nazala unilaterala la baietii adolescenti

→ epistaxis

obstructie nazala

20
Q

Tumori maligne nas si sinusuri

A

< 1% cancere

predominant:

neoplasme epiteliale (carcinoame cu celule scuamoase)

adenocarcinoamele

malignitatile de origine salivara

→ excizie larga + radioterapie

afecteaza

orbita

maxilar

fosa cerebrala ant

21
Q

Cauza frecventa de esec al trat tumorilor maligne ale nasului si sinusurilor

A

recidiva locala

22
Q

Neuroblastom olfactiv

Estezioneuroblastom

A

origine neuroectodermala

chir + RT

23
Q

Rabdomiosarcomul

A

tumora a musculaturii striate

adesea cancer intranazal in randul copiilor