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From Flashcardlet COPY > Tactics New 1 > Flashcards

Tactics New 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which regulations have an impact on fireground operations?

A

Title 29 CFR

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2
Q

_____ are promulgated at some level of government by a governmental agency and have the force of law.

A

Regulations

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3
Q

Almost half of firefighter injuries occur?

A

on the fire ground

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4
Q

Risk assessment of the emergency scene can be based on the following philosophy________

A

We will take great risk to save a lot

Take little risk to save a little

take no risk to save what is already lost.

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5
Q

In late model BMW SUV’s the side impact activator is______-

A

in the A-Post

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6
Q

In the IMS, the first management assignments by the Initial attack IC will normally be_______

A

one or more section chiefs

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7
Q

It is essential that any management system establish common terminology for what elements?

A

Organizational functions

Resource elements

facilities

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8
Q

The ____, a standards making group has no enforcement authority and its standards are considered advisory.

A

NFPA

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9
Q

The entire collections of federal regulations is contained within the 50 titles of the

A

CFR

Code of federal Regulations

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10
Q

OSHA’s title 29

1910.156

A

Fire Brigades

Applies to

fire brigades
Industrial FD
Private FD
contractual FD

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11
Q

Who printed a FF Death autopsy protocol for the ME?

A

NFA

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12
Q

Who investigates every FF death in the US?

A

NIOSH

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

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13
Q

29 CFR

OSHA 1910.134

A

Respiratory Protection

2 in & 2 out

Buddy system

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14
Q

OSHA Title 29

1910.120

A

Hazardous Waste Operations

and

Emergency Response

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15
Q

Published documents that do not mandate compliance_______

A

Consensus standards

eg.

NFPA

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16
Q

_____sometimes called consensus standards do not have the weight of law unless they are adopted as law by an authority having jurisdiction.

A

standards

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17
Q

The _____ was the most efficient way to move water to the scene in the early history of firefighting.

A

bucket brigade

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18
Q

Large extensive fires known as

A

conflagrations

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19
Q

To burn rapidly, which in reality can be considered a low explosive, occurs more slowly than detonation.

A

Deflagrate

adds to the fire load/intensity

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20
Q

The components of the Post incident analysis should focus on?

A

Personnel

Equipment

Resources

Operational effectiveness

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21
Q

Strategies are designed to meet the incident priorities of

A

Life safety

property conservation

incident stabilization

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22
Q

what has had a major impact on the fire service?

A

Safety

standards

research

education

technology

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23
Q

The method used to meet the tactic is called?

A

tactical method

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24
Q

____ cars have fixed sides and ends. The floor is sloped to one or more hinged doors. Used to transport dry bulk material such as fertilizers.

A

Hopper Cars

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25
Q

____ cars have flat bottoms and walls and they may or may not be covered, may be constructed with wood but are most often constructed with steel.

A

Gondola Cars

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26
Q

Intermodal cars are basically ____ with intermodal containers placed on them.

allow cargo to be transferred rapidly between different modes of transportation.

A

Flat cars

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27
Q

The Biggest Hazard locomotives present is?

A

The electricity generated buy the diesel engine.

Workhorse of the train

carry large amounts of fuel and lub oil.

can run on overhead wires that can carry 25,000 and 50,000 volts.

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28
Q

what is present if a locomotive is powered by Electricity?

A

Overhead wires

or

a third rail

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29
Q

The capacity of tank cars can range from just a few hundred gallons to more than _____ gallons of product.

A

30,000

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30
Q

Fixed Wing aircraft all present several common hazards to include______

A

large amount of fuel

Hydraulic fluid

02 equipment

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31
Q

Aircraft engines can be one of 3 different types____

A

Reciprocating

Jet propulsion

Turbo Prop

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32
Q

One resource that can help firefighters is the ship’s prefire plan called the _____

A

Fire control plan

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33
Q

Rotary wing aircraft may carry anywhere from ___ to ____ people.

A

1 to 50 people.

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34
Q

Fuel quantities carried on helicopters can range from ___ to ___ gallons

A

20 to 700 gal.

carried in the center of the fuseloge

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35
Q

The main rotor blades on large helicopters can span as much as ____ ft in diameter.

A

60 feet

Main rotor blades may dip as low as 4 ft from the ground during start up and shut down.

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36
Q 
Color coding for aircraft tubing
Fuel                         RED
Lub                          Yellow
Hydraulic                Blue and yellow
Gas                         Orange
air                           Green
Fire protection       Brown
A 
Color coding for aircraft tubing
Fuel                         RED
Lub                          Yellow
Hydraulic                Blue and yellow
Gas                         Orange
air                           Green
Fire protection       Brown
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37
Q

A very important concern with electoral transformers fires is that____

A

underground vault explosions can catapult manhole covers more than 100 ft in the air.

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38
Q

The reciprocating engine uses what type of fuel?

A

AVGAS

high octane aviation gas

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39
Q

Jet engines and turboprop engines use ____ fuel.

A

Jet A

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40
Q

Military aircraft with jet engines use a blend of _______

A

kerosene and gasoline.

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41
Q

The aircraft, at least larger aircraft have a hydraulic system for controls. The hydraulic lines may carry pressure of up to _____ pds.

A

5000 pds psi

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42
Q

Aircraft tubing may be identified by

A

words

symbols

color markings

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43
Q

Electrical substation fires occur for numerous reasons. Thee power must be shut off before FF can operate. Once the power is shut down, these fires are usually class_____

A

B

44
Q

Which OSHA standard mandates breathing apparatus be worn in any IDSH?

A

1910.134

45
Q

Reasons for tactical and strategic changes include?

A

Equipment advances

Education

Codes and standards change

FF and civilian deaths

Building material and contents

46
Q

Regardless of the resources available, ____ on the fire ground do not change.

A

strategic goals and objectives

47
Q

The purpose of the PIA (post incident analysis) is to

A

focus on reinforcing the most appropriate and effective strategies while discouraging inappropriate or impulsive strategies.

48
Q

What are the 2 steps of the post incident analysis?

A

informal company level discussion after an incident.

Formal PIA (scheduled)

49
Q

What are the 4 types of CISM?

A

Peer Defusing (informal between Peers)

On site defusing
sent to rehab, Evaluated by a CISM

Defusing after Demobilization
(empy fire house 30-60 min

Formal Debriefing
lead by a CISM team

50
Q

Incident Termination includes at least what 3 stages?

A

Demobilization

returning to Quarters

Post incident analysis

51
Q

A devise designed to speed the operation of a dry pipe valve?

A

Accelerator

52
Q

What are the 5 recognized levels of hazmat training?

A

First responder awareness

First responder operational

Hazmat tech

Hazmat specialist

On scene Incident commander

53
Q

As a general rule, FF should not aggressively fight interior structure fires for more than the time it takes to __________

A

expend two 30 min SACBA cylinders w/o rehab

54
Q

Firefighter deaths have an impact on decisions made at the fire scene. however, approx. ____ firefighters still lose their lives each year.

A

100

55
Q

The NFPA and USFA estimate that on average ____ FF die in the line of duty each year.

A

105

56
Q

The US currently depends on approx. ____ firefighters to protect its citizens.

A

1.2 Million

210,000 career/paid

1 million volunteers

57
Q

The foundation established the objective of reducing the fatality rate by ____ within 5 years and ____ by 2014

A

25% within 5 years

50% by 2014

58
Q

How many Firefighter Life safety Initiatives are there?

A

16

59
Q

In 1997 ____ began to investigate FF deaths.

A

NIOSH

60
Q

Although the mission of the fire service has not changed, major improvement in ____ and ____ have led to modifications in the strategies and tactics of firefighting

A

Technology and standards

61
Q

The Philadelphia Fire dept tested 750 member the average time of work from a 30 min SACBA was

A

12 minutes 50 seconds

62
Q

Most unfortunately of the 100 ff deaths per year about _____ of these are due to stress.

A

half

63
Q

Cocoanut Grove Fire

A

Boston Massachusetts

1942

492 people died

flammable decorations
few exits
overcrowding

64
Q

To avoid liability he or she must perform to the same level that another reasonable person with the same training and equipment would provide.

A

Standard of Care

65
Q

According to the Phoenix Rapid Intervention Study the average total rescue time was_______-

A

21 minutes

12 FF to rescue 1 FF

1 in 5 will get into trouble.

66
Q

The relationship between FF safety and strategy and tactics can be traced to ______

A

Incident Priorities

67
Q

The ____ would meet the requirements of the OSHA 2 in 2 out rule.

A

RIC

Rapid Intervention crew

68
Q

Some of these mandatory requirements have an impact on fire ground operations, primarily those regulations found in _______

A

Title 29 CFR

which is the OSHA regulationis

69
Q

The NFA is funded by the federal government and is part of the USFA which is a component of______

A

FEMA

Who is under the department of homeland security

70
Q

What is the management structure all agencies house be utilizing?

A

NIMS

replaced NIIMS 2004

71
Q

Each year thousands of FF are injured or killed. Just less than half of FF injuries occur____ and about 1/3 of deaths occur on the fire ground.

A

on the fireground

72
Q

Typically, a span of control involves supervising anywhere from ___ to ______people.

A

3 to 7

5 being the rule of thumb

73
Q

Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management System

A

NFPA 1561

74
Q

The purpose of _____ is to provide structure, coordination and the integration of risk management, which in turn increases the level of a ff safety and health.

A

Any command system

75
Q

A ____ is established and named by geographic areas.

A

Division

76
Q

Ben Franklin organized the First fire company in _______

A

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

in

1736

77
Q

The NIMS integration Center was established by the ____ to provide strategic direction for and oversight of NIMS

A

Secretary of Homeland Security

78
Q

____ is the IMS designation for the organizational level that has primary responsibility for one of the general staff positions or one of the command staff functions.

A

Section

79
Q

_____ is the position responsible for the management of all tactical objectives and activities.

A

Operations

80
Q

____ section is responsible for many areas, beginning with the development of action plans

A

Planning

81
Q

What branches are under logistics?

A

Supply Food
Ground Communication
Facilities Medical

82
Q

What is under Planning?

A 
Resource
Situation
Demobilization
Documentation
Technical Specialist
83
Q

What is under finance/admin branch?

A

Compensation

Cost

Procurement

time

84
Q

Railcars can be classified by ______ basic types

A

8

85
Q

what are the 8 basic types of railcars?

A

Locomotives

Boxcars

Flatcars

Intermodal

Gondola

Hopper

Passenger

tank

86
Q

Reevas

A

Rescue

evacuation

emergency care

vent

attack

salvage

87
Q

____ are established and named by a specific function that they are to accomplish.

A

group

88
Q

A ____ is established when the manageable span of control of the number of divisions and or groups is exceeded.

A

Branch

89
Q

In 1980 federal officials transition the Incident command system into a nation program called the _____

A

NIIMS

90
Q

An IMS designation used to establish and maintain a manageable span of control over a number of divisions, and groups.

A

Branch

91
Q

An IMS designation responsible for NIIMS operations in an assigned geographic area

A

Division

92
Q

6 step communications model develop by the NFA?

A

Formulate an idea

sender sends the message

message is transferred through a medium

receiver receives the message

receiver interprets

receiver confirms message by providing feedback.

93
Q

____ can be defined as a step toward solving a problem in which information is gathered.

A

size up

94
Q

All the information needed for size up can fit neatly into 3 areas

A

Environment

Resources

Conditions

95
Q

The size up triangle

A

Environment

resources

conditions

96
Q

A red placard with and “R” indicates a

A

Light weight truss roof

97
Q

The size up should answer what 4 questions?

A

What is on fire?

Where is the fire now?

Where is it going?

What harm has it caused or will it cause.

98
Q

Incident Priority’s are listed in order of ____

A

importance not necessarily in order of accomplishment.

99
Q

_____ are broad, general statements of what we are expected to accomplish.

A

Strategic goals

100
Q

This process was developed out of research that considered how fire ground commanders, military commanders, and other high pressure time sensitive decision makers make decisions.

A

Recognition Primed Decision making.

101
Q

The option or method selected is based on whether it has worked effectively in previous similar situations.

A

Recognition Primed Decision making.

102
Q

IC’s and fire fighters must have a mix of experience and education to operate effectively.

A

Recognition Primed Decision making.

103
Q

The RPD process is being replaced in the fire service curricula by what the NFA teaches in its Command and Control curriculum as_________

A

Naturalistic decision making

104
Q

_______embodies a descriptive decision theory framework based upon the person’s knowledge and experience, the incident’s level of complexity, and the environment.

A

Naturalistic Decision Making

105
Q

_________ came about after reviewing decision making as it relates to people in real life from military commanders to fire-ground commanders.

A

Naturalistic Decision making

106
Q

In _____, the IC relies on his or her ability to recognize signs such as smoke movement and color, type of structure, and visible location of the fire to begin the decision making process.

A

Naturalistic Decision making

107
Q

The emphasis here is that people must be trained in the same manner as they will be required to function in the field. Realistic training exercised are essential.

A

Naturalistic Decision making.

From Flashcardlet COPY (79 decks)

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