Takeoffs and Landings Flashcards by Taras Wallace

atmosphere level from surface to 30,000 ft

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troposphere

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Atmosphere level between troposphere and stratosphere

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tropopause

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Lines of pressure

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isobars

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Steep pressure gradients (isobars and winds)

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isobars close together and strong winds

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Shallow pressure gradients (isobars and winds)

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isobars far apart and light winds

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Caused by the rotation of the earth

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Coriolis Effect

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The direction the air rotates in the Northern Hemisphere in high pressure

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clockwise

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The direction the air rotates in the Southern Hemisphere in high pressure

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counter clockwise

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Winds that flow parallel to isobars because of the coriolis effect.

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Aloft

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Upslope Winds

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Warm winds that climb up mountains.

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Downslope Winds

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Cool winds that climb down mountains.

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Water moving directly from a frozen to vapor w/o melting.

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sublimation

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Water moving directly from a vapor to frozen

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desposition

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Relative Humidity

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the amount of moisture air can hold at a certain temp

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A large difference between dew point and temp gives.

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High-based clouds and good visibility

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Calculating cloud height (AGL)

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(dew point - temp)/2.5

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Air that is much cooler above then below

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Unstable

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Air that has little to no temp decrease with altitude

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stable air

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unstable air, fluffy or bumpy

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cumulus

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stable air, layered

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stratus

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rain cloud

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nimbo/nimbus

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What are the 4 cloud families?

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high, middle, low and vertical development

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Clouds 16500 ft - 45000ft high, cirriform

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high clouds

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Clouds 6500 ft - 23000 ft high, alto

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middle clouds

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Clouds 0- 6500 ft high, strato 1.1

low clouds

The decrease of air temp w altitude. 1.2

lapse rate

Air that has a larger than normal lapse rate 1.2

unstable

A huge body of air with similar temp and moisture content. 1.2

air mass

The 4 types of air masses. 1.2

continental, maritime, polar, tropical

A dry air mass 1.2

continental

A moist air mass 1.2

maritime

The boundary between 2 air masses with different temps and wind direction 1.2

front

What is a cold front? How does it look on a weather chart? 1.2

cold air displaces warm air | icicles/triangular = wind speed

What is a warm front? How does it look on a weather chart? 1.2

warm air displaces cold air | half suns/half circles = 1/2 wind speed

What is a stationary front? How does it look on a weather chart? 1.2

moves less than 5 kts | opposing icicles and half suns

Fast moving cold front lifts warm air completely off the ground and overtakes cool air in front of a warm air mass 1.2

cold front occlusion

Fast moving cold front lifts warm air completely off the ground and the cold air mass ahead is the coldest of the 3 air masses. 1.2

warm front occlusion

The 5 types of fog

radiation, advection, upslope, precipitation-induced, and steam

shallow fog, develops in clear skies, when air near the ground cools with high humidity and low/no wind

radiation

fog that requires wind, develops rapidly, warmer air moves over a colder surface and its temp drops

advection

fog that requires wind, develops due to air rising, expanding and cooling to dew point, occurs when stable air is forced to rise up a mountain slope

upslope

fog occurs when relatively warm rain falls through cool air

precipitation

fog forms over bodies of water, requires wind, and occurs when cold air from land flows over relatively warmer water

steam

A cumulus cloud producing rain

cumulonimbus

requires a lifting force, unstable, moist air

thunderstorm

What are the 3 stages of a thunderstorm?

cumulus, mature, dissipating

What are the 2 types of thunderstorms?

air mass and frontal

Stage of a thunderstorm with vertical cloud build-up, continuous strong updrafts

cumulus

Stage of a thunderstorm with up and down drafts, precipitation, gusty surface winds, temp drop and pressure increase

mature

Wind shear

wind that changes rapidly in direction or velocity

Turbulence Reporting Criteria Categories

Light, light chop, moderate, moderate chop, severe, extreme

magenta colored runway on a sectional

uncontrolled

blue colored runway on a sectional

at least a part-time tower

circle with no ticks

no public services

circle w ticks

fuel available

circle w runway

runway < 8069ft

runway no circle

multiple runways or runway at least 8069ft

circle in circle

military

biggest vortices

slow speed, heavy weight, clean configuration

FADD

Fly the airplane Assess the situation Decide what to do Do it

Urgent emergency call

"PAN, PAN, PAN"

Distress call

"MAYDAY"

Engine Failure acryonm

Attitude set to best glide speed Best field selected Cockpit checks performed

Takeoffs and Landings Flashcards

(63 cards)