taking sides in the civil war

Question 1

When did the royalist party develop

Answer 1

After the grand remonstrance a royalist party developed. Two-fifths of the commons left with Charles in 1642

Question 2

Why did the royalist party develop

Answer 2

Many felt that:
- The reforms in terms of Church and episcopacy went too far
- The King was the only one who had the right to control the army
- the Grand Remonstrance went beyond criticism of abuses in
the 1630s to attacking fundamentals of the constitution
- Bishops were the cornerstone of stability and order

Question 3

Why support the King

Answer 3

Fears of anarchy as appeals to popular sentiment of mob violence threatened the fabric of the social order
Parliament usurped the King’s control of the military
Some wanted to see constitutional royalism

Question 4

Patterns of allegiances

Answer 4

Old rivalries and jealousy remerged causing people to take sides
Class - the rising middle class against the old aristocracy (who saw the King as a guarantor of the traditional social order)
Religion

Question 5

Where was Puritanism stronger

Answer 5

• In the South and East, especially London and therefore they were parliamentarians

Question 6

Who did Catholics give their allegiance to

Answer 6

1/3rd of Catholics were Royalists

Question 7

How was religion a factor of local allegiance

Answer 7

• All the parliamentary leaders and half the parliamentarians were strong Puritans
• One third of the royalist gentry were catholics
• Catholics would only support the king, puritans would only support Parliament, but those more moderate Protestant persuasion are more difficult to categorise

Question 8

How was geography a factor of local allegiance

Answer 8

• Puritanism was popular in the South and East of England, but also in big regional areas such as Manchester and Bolton
• The King based his court in York and generally speaking the west and north of England were royalists

Question 9

How was employment a factor in local allegiance

Answer 9

• In Gloucester the city corporation agreed to support Parliament on behalf of its members
• Local gentry insisted that their tenant farmers fought in Royalist militia under threat of eviction
• Those tied in local employment networks had to follow the lead of others

Question 10

How many counties attempted to make neutrality pacts

Answer 10

At least 22

Question 11

Affects of neutralism

Answer 11

• In some counties e.g. Cheshire and Yorkshire, the Royalist Commissioners of Array and Parliamentary Militia Commissioners agreed together not to raise forces but to move on elsewhere

Question 12

When was the treaty of neutrality signed in Yorkshire

Answer 12

• Signed on 29 September 1642
• Lord Fairfax for Parliament and Henry Bellasis for the Royalists
• The treaty was disowned by parliament on 4th October 1642

Question 13

What was the Bunbury agreement and when was it signed

Answer 13

• Signed in December 23, 1642 for Cheshire
• All prisoners would be released and any property taken during the conflict would be returned
• Fortifications were to be removed

Question 14

Limitations of the Bunbury agreement

Answer 14

• Because of the national strategic importance of Cheshire, it proved impossible for the local gentry to get their national commanders to agree
• In January 1643 Sir William Brereton was commissioned by Parliament to take control of parliamentary forces in Cheshire and Dunham Massey was ordered to take control of the Cheshire Militia. These actions effectively killed the agreement

Question 15

Cavalier