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Close Air Support > TAR 054 Intro to CAS > Flashcards

TAR 054 Intro to CAS Flashcards

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1
Q

Six Functions of Marine Aviation

A
  1. Anti-air Warfare
  2. Offensive Air Support
  3. Assault Support
  4. Air Reconnaissance
  5. Electronic Warfare
  6. Control of Aircraft and Missiles
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2
Q

OAS Defined

A

Offensive Air Support

Air operations conducted against enemy installations, facilities, and personnel to directly assist the attainment of MAGTF objectives by destruction of resources or isolation of military forces

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3
Q

OAS Categories

A
  • Close Air Support

- Deep Air Support

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4
Q

Purpose of CAS

A

To provide fire to destroy, disrupt, suppress, fix, harass, neutralize, or delay enemy force

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5
Q

Basic Requirements for CAS C2

A
  • Ability to process CAS requests
  • Assignment of assets
  • Communication of tasking
  • Deconfliction of fires and routing
  • Coordination of support
  • Airspace control measures
  • Updates on enemy threats
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6
Q

Limitations of Artillery as Fire Support for Reconnaissance TM’s

A
  • Ability to have artillery support during advanced force ops
  • Limited range
  • Danger of fratricide
  • Collateral damage
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7
Q

AH-1W Specs

A

Flown by: USMC

Guns:
- 20mm (750 rds)

Ordnance:
- Rockets, flares, TOW, HELLFIRE, AIM-9’s

Laser: Track and Designate (NTS)

NVG

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8
Q

NTS

A

Night Targeting System

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9
Q

F/A-18

A

Flown By: USMC, USN, US allies

Guns:
- 20mm (580 rds)

Ordnance:
- All

Laser:
- Track and designate (Pod)

NVG

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10
Q

F-15 Specs

A

Flown By: USAF, Japan , Saudi Arabia, Israel

Guns: 20mm (512 rds)

Ordnance: All

Laser:
- Designate (Pod)

Performance: max speed Mach 2+

Range: 2,762 miles

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11
Q

F-16 Specs

A

Flown By: USAF, NATO and other allies

Guns: 20mm (515 rds)

Laser:
- Designate (LANTIRN Pod)

NVG

Performance:

  • Max speed Mach 2
  • 852 mile radius of action with (2) 2,000lb bombs, (2) AIM-9’s and external fuel
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12
Q

A-10 Specs

A

Flown By: USAF

Guns: 30mm (1100 rds)

Ordnance: All

Laser: Track

NVG

Performance:

  • Max speed 420mph
  • Range with 9,500lbs of weapons and 1.7 hour loiter + 20 minutes reserve: 288 miles
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13
Q

AC-130H/U Specs

A

Flown By: USAF

Weapons:

  • 105mm howitzer
  • 40mm cannon

Systems:

  • FLIR
  • LLLTV
  • Radar
  • GPS
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14
Q

Anti-Armor Ordnances

A
  • BGM-71A TOW missile

- AGM-114B Hellfire missile

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15
Q

Killing Mechanisms

A
  • Heat
  • Blast
  • Fragmentation
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16
Q

MK80 Family of Bombs

A
  • MK81
  • MK82
  • MK83
  • MK84

Maker: General Dynamics

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17
Q

MK82 Specs

A
  • 500lbs

Types:

  • Low Drag (LD) Contact
  • LD Air Burst
  • High Drag (HD) Airburst

Lethal Area:

  • 80m wide x 30m long
  • Frag height 2600’
  • 10% PI 135m-175m
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18
Q

MK83 Specs

A
  • 1,000lbs

Types:
- LD contact

Lethal Area:

  • 10% PI 175m-195m
  • Frag height 2,800m
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19
Q

MK84 Specs

A
  • 2,000lbs

Types:
- LD contact

Lethal Area:

  • 10% PI 175m-190m
  • Frag height 3,600’
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20
Q

Types of HE

A
  • Proximity
  • Variable Time
  • Deep Penetrating
  • Delay
  • Quick (contact)
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21
Q

PCM

A

Precision Guided Munitions

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22
Q

GBU

A

Guided Bomb Unit

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23
Q

GBU Components

A
  • Laser Illum Detector
  • Guidance Fins
  • GP Bomb Body
  • Wing Assembly
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24
Q

Common GBUs

A
  • GBU-12 LGB (500lb)
  • GBU-16 LGB (1,000lb)
  • GBU-10/24 LGB (2,000lb)
  • GBU-38 JDAM (500lb)
  • GBU-32 JDAM (1,000lb)
  • GBU-31 JDAM (2,000lb)
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25
LGB
Laser Guided Bomb
26
JDAM
Joint Direct Action Munition
27
JDAM Components
- MK80 series warhead - Strakes - 14 inch lugs - 1760 interface - GPS/INS guidance kit
28
INS
Internal Navigation System
29
Requirements for Effective CAS
- Air superiority - Suppression of enemy air defenses - Target marking - Favorable weather - Flexible control - Prompt response - Air crew FAC skill
30
FAC
Forward Air Controller
31
Target Marking Principles
- Must be provided by the controller - Within 300 meters of reference point - Must be provided 30-45 seconds before TOT/TTT - Any mark is better than no mark - Always plan for a backup mark
32
TOT
Time on Target - Common moment when munitions scheduled for delivery
33
TTT
Time to Target - The time it takes for ordnance to impact the target
34
Daylight Marking Methods
- White Phosphorus (WP) - Illum on the deck - Laser - IR Strobe - Air panels - Mirror - Smoke
35
Night Marking Methods
- WP under illumination - Illum on the deck - Laser designator - Laser IR pointer - IR strobe - Tracers - GLINT tape (AC-130)
36
FARP
Forward Arming and Refueling Point
37
Strip Alert
Ground alert, aircraft ready to fly within specific amounts of time
38
TACC
Tactical Air Command Center - Senior MACCS agency - Tactical operations center for the ACE commander
39
MACCS
Marine Air Command and Control System
40
DASC
Direct Air Support Center - Coordinates execution of preplanned and immediate CAS - Coordinates with senior FSCC to integrate CAS missions with supporting arms - Provides aircraft position information to the TAOC and LAAD battalion
41
Types of CAS
1. Preplanned - Scheduled - On-call 2. Immediate
42
TAOC
Tactical Air Operations Center
43
LAAD
Low Altitude Air Defense
44
What do I need to know to request CAS?
- Availability of supporting arms - Capability of supporting arms - Ability to concentrate fires
45
Who do you make CAS request to?
DASC - Tactical Air Request Net (HF) - Tied to FSCC - Tied to FAC
46
Control Measures
- Contact Point (15-30 NM) - Holding Area (Rotary Wing) - Initial Point (5-15 NM) - Battle Position (Rotary Wing) - Attack Route - Egress Control Point
47
Mission Number
- Assigned to a flight by the TACC | - Will sometimes be used as the flight call sign
48
Ordnance Code
Denotes what weapon and fusing is carried in the flight
49
Route
- The routing assigned to the flight for the mission | - Will be defined via coded control points
50
En Route Frequency
- The contact frequencies for agencies contacted en route | - May be color coded
51
MSN Codes
Mission Codes - Used by various air control agencies to advise attack aircraft on the status of their mission - Four plain language words
52
Four Plain Language Words of Mission Codes
1. “Continue” 2. “Change” 3. “Cancel” 4. “Abort, Abort, Abort”
53
CAS 9-Line
1. IP/BP 2. Heading 3. Distance from IP/BP to target 4. Target Elevation 5. Target Description 6. Target Location 7. Marking 8. Friendly Location 9. Egress
54
CAS Line 1
IP / BP - IP for fixed wing, BP for rotary wing
55
CAS Line 2
Heading - Degrees magnetic
56
CAS Line 3
Distance - From IP to target in NM for fixed wing - BP to target in meters for rotary wing For attack helicopters, distance from center of BP to target
57
CAS Line 4
Target Elevation - Feet from MSL
58
MSL
Mean Sea Level - True altitude or elevation
59
AGL
Above Ground Level
60
CAS Line 5
Target Description - Be brief, but give visual cues
61
CAS Line 6
Target Location - UTM Grid or Lat/Long - Always include 100,000m grid identification
62
CAS Line 7
Mark Type - If laser used give PRF code in remarks
63
CAS Line 8
Friendly Location - Cardinal direction and distance from the target
64
CAS Line 9
Egress - Should be a route that avoids any threats to the aircraft - Can use IP/BPs or cardinal direction
65
CAS Check-In Brief
Aircraft to Controller - You this is me 1. Mission Number 2. Number and type of aircraft 3. Position and altitude 4. Ordnance 5. Time on station 6. Capabilities 7. Abort code
66
TOT/TTT
Time on Target / Time to Target - TOT preferred in USMC - Sync watches with senior FSCC, then time back the running clock prior to passing the brief
67
Terms from Attacking Aircraft
“IP inbound” “In the pop” “Tally Mark” “In hot/cold” “Wing level”
68
BDA
Bomb Damage Assessment 1. Target Location 2. Time On and Off Target 3. % Bombs on Target / % Target Destroyed 4. Results 5. Unit Supported
69
Holding Area
Four grids that form a box for fixed wing aircraft to stay within
70
CP
Checkpoint
71
BP
Four grid box for rotary wing aircraft to stay within

Close Air Support (2 decks)

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