Task 1 Flashcards

Question

sexual arousal

Answer 1

acute psychological state of excitement , also marked by changes in geneitalia (psychological & physiological usesually go together but not alsways) sexual arousal might be triggered by external event but asl o might stem completely from within ( sponatanous) anetrior cingulate cortex involde=> happy states

Answer 2

women are mostly equally aroused by man & woman

Answer 3

increses testosteron levels buut testosterone levels do influence aroudability in adult men ( testosterone replacement therapy to restore diminished sexual desire) but in healthy men testosterone levels don't make a difference in sexual behaviour

Answer 4

men = midline of brian (thalamus & nearby strcuture) contains many dopaminergic neurosn cereberal cortex activity decreses oxytocin release men experience a refarctory period 30-90 minutes

Answer 5

cc activity decreses nucleus accumbens=> reward& pleasure oxytocin release

Answer 6

teh. odel primarily dwscribes physiological processes , effecst one can obserev or measure ( Like an erection or changes in blood presuure) BUT DO PHYSIOLOGIACL RWSPONSES ALWAYS MATCH psychological / subjective arousal in men tehy seem to be tied togetehr but woem do not always seem sexually excited when tehir genitals are showing sognals of arousal ( potential disconnect between physicological & psychological ) also sexual desire is not mentioned ( the state that precedes arousal)- we want to engage in sex so we do something that makes us aroused ( kaplaN) woemn also engage in sex not only because of sexual desire but maybve becsue wish of intamacy or other bebfits => but once engaged in physical interaction sexual aroual is triggerd & genital sensation might reinforce sexual desire was based on a subset of women who were willing to be observed in a lab setting and wre orgasmic with intercourse

Answer 7

a model for womens sexual response that appears to be more accurate ( especially in long term relationships) According to Basson, the context of a sexual encounter and a person's state of mind may be the most important parts of the sexual response cycle. Context refers the current situation or environment in which sex could happen. it emphasizes that women sexual resposne more often stems from imtimacy needs rather tehn phyysical arousal - woemns sexual arousal minimally stems from awraeness of genital changes =< leads to acceptance of differnt hypoarousal disorders

Answer 8

1. women have lower biological urge to be sexual for release of sexual tension 2. Women's sexual motivation can also stem from other non sexual rewards ( men also have this but less often) 3. Women's arousal is a mental event of excitement that may or may not be accompanied by convegsitive changes in genetalia 4. orgasmic changes may or may not occur

Answer 9

neutrality=> awareness of nonsexual need to be sexual=>> deliberate choice to experience stimulation => awareness of desire=> more arousal / orgams => physical wellbeing & spin offs wenn sensing an opportunity to be sexual women move from a sexual neutrality to seeking stimuli necessary for sexual desire sexual arousal and responsive desire occur at the same time because the woman has chosen so dyspareunia ( arousal problem) can therefore shut down awareness of sexual triggers

Answer 10

desire=> aousal=> orgasm => resolution

Answer 11

teh persistent or recurrent deficiency or absence of sexual fantasies thoughts, desire for sexual activity

Answer 12

during sexual arousal woman experience a lot of changes ( heart rate, muscle tension) but they do not seem to focus on these physical symptoms as a measure of their arousal. A persistent or recurrent inability to attain sexual arousal/ sexual excitement or to maintain arousal until the completion of a sexual activity. - caring personal distress buut sexually functional and dysfunctional women both had increased vaginal blood flow following a sexual srttimulus wether or not ether was subjective arousal. SO does genital arousal even have a connection to subjective arousal?

Answer 13

unabilty to attain orgasm following sufficient stimulus wich causes personal distress - often not perceived as distressful for women - women on SSRI frequently develop FOD

Answer 14

that it is both - teh absence of markers of spontaneous desire & inability to experience any responsive desire to sexual cues & triggers that constitute HSDD Women's arousal is more about appreciation of the sexual stimulus then awareness of genital changes => we need subtypes of FSAD to determine wich area of arousal teh problem is

Answer 15

incentive motivation theories emphasize that sexual motivation is the result of the activation of a sensitive sexual response system by sexually competent stimuli that are present in the environment. the sexual system’s sensitivity is influenced by hormones and neurotransmitters. The sexual system interacts with the stimulus and the individual is pushed toward sexual activity. • Sexual motivation doesn’t emerge through a deficit signaled by the hypothalamus, but through the attractiveness of possible rewards in the environment. Desire is activated through expectations of reward, by attractive and rewarding stimuli in the environment motivational state is represented by bodily changes (the accompany emotions with prepare for body & action) AUTHOR SAYS MECHANISMS that produce sexual emotional states & feelings of sexual excitement are similar to other emotions that are coupled with strong bodily reactions

Answer 16

There is an automatic relationship between sexual stimuli and genital response, that may emerge without the person being aware of it. Tendon reflex/ t-reflex – measure for motor preparation; not sensitive to valence of an affective state but augmented in states of preparation for action & modified by differences in arousal intensity. T-reflex is inherently non-direction (one can run either toward or away from stimulation). It would therefore be involved in actions that are appetitively and defensively motivated. Confrontation with sexual stimuli results in action tendencies and these action tendencies increase the likelihood of actual sexual behavior.

Answer 17

somatic motor system - motor cortex emotional motor system, -lombic nucleus accumbent- reward difference liking & wanting drugs that increase dopamine levels giftend tendency for sexual Eton

Answer 18

not that much - within gender differ more mostly due to cognitive social theory - genders observe different ooppopriate behaviours men and women internalise different standards social structural theory gender diference svary in different societies according to gender differences in power - in teh majorities men hold power -therefore in equal societies gender difference shock be weak exaggeration of gender difremce is critical because it reinforces them - leads to more gender differnces

Answer 19

dyspareunia in western societies vaginismus more in maroocan dimidhed sexual desire in latin sexual victimazation& anorgasmia - afrcian women

Answer 20

erectile problems -african | premature ejaculation- turkey, asia africa- islam & absistinence

Answer 21

Recent longitudinal studies have suggested that associations between sexual media use and sexual attitudes/behaviors may be mediated by sensation seeking and sexual arousal. • SEM consumption increases levels of sexual sensation seeking thereby affects sexual behaviors. SEm consumption is best considered in conjunction with other factors

Answer 22

Sexual behavior and mental health factors are implicated to a greater extent in youth who engage in sexting. The results imply that discussions on sexual health and sexual education between parent, teachers, and youth should include digital health and citizenship.

Answer 23

``` nonlinear-disconitunietes & change over time - sudden , surprising transitions spinatenous emergence of novel forms - relationship specific periodic reorganisation ```

Answer 24

women desire declines sex functioning several distressed men Consistent with epidemiological research which has identified male erectile dysfunction as the most frequent complaint in old age. • Also stresses the importance assigned to male sex- ual potency in heterosexual relations. • Women are seen as more passive, and thus, changes and challenges in their sexual functioning are less frequently acknowledged. • This finding is in accordance with the concept of hegemonic masculinities, which stresses the social rights, legitimacy and importance assigned to sexual intercourse among men but less so in women, who are not granted the same level of sexual citizenship to express and fulfill their sexual needs and desires. men more often then women consider themselves teh source for sexual decline problems were often attributed to teh partner then oneself

Answer 25

* Overall, sex and sexuality seem to be of relative importance among older residents- * The importance of sex and sexuality to older residents should therefore be neither under- nor overestimated Nursing staff has to be careful not to be too obtrusive when it comes to residents’ sexual expression. • Awareness of their own attitudes toward aged sexuality in institutionalized settings is of crucial importance. carfeul attention should be paid to individual differences also one should consider a broad defintion for sexuality when discussing thi topic - other forms of imtimacvy also might be needed

Task 1 Flashcards

(49 cards)