Task 1 - Outsourced Intelligence Flashcards
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Systems that display intelligent behavior by analyzing their environment and taking actions to achieve specific goals.
Technology designed to perform activities that normally require human intelligence.
AI System
an AI-based component, software and/or hardware
–> achieves rationality = the best action to take in order to achieve a certain goal
Rational AI System
They modify the environment but they do not adapt their behavior over time to better achieve their goal.
Learning Rational System
A rational system that, after taking an action, evaluates the new state of the environment to determine how successful its action was, and then adapts its reasoning rules and decision-making methods.
Machine (Supervised) Learning
Programming computers to learn from example data or past experience –> generalization principle
Deep (Unsupervised) Learning
The neural network has several layers between the input and the output that allow to learn the overall input-output relation in successive steps
–> accuracy
–> less human guidance
Reinforcement Learning
We let the AI system free to make its decisions, over time, and at each decision, we provide it with a reward signal that tells it whether it was a good or a bad decision
–> learning from experience
General AI System
Intended to be a system that can perform most activities that humans can de
Narrow AI System
A system that can perform one or few specific tasks
Goal-Directed AI Systems
They receive the specification of a goal to achieve from a human being and use tome techniques to achieve such a goal
Prediction
The ability to take information you have and generate information you didn’t previously have
–> anticipating what will happen in the future
–> major advances in prediction may facilitate the automation of entire tasks
Judgment
The ability to make considered decisions
–> understand the impact different actions will have on outcomes in light of predictions
–> an AI incorporates the feedback on actions and outcomes to develop more accurate predictions and new strategies
–> the role of human judgment will become limited as prediction-driven translation improves
The Challenge of Prediction
- Prediction is not the same as automation
- The most valuable workforce skills involve judgment –> human ethical judgment, emotional intelligence, and creativity is still needed
- Managing will require judgment both in identifying and applying the most useful predictions and in being able to weigh the relative costs of different types of errors
Application of AI (example)
Medicine:
- artificial intelligence can improve diagnosis, lead to more effective treatments, and better patient care
- treatment and care will still rely on human judgment
AI-Enabled Avatars
- life-like virtual human patients for use in clinical training and skill acquisition
- have the potential to be used for all types of person-to-person interactions in mental health care including psychological treatments, assessments, and testing
