Task 6 Cognitive Psychology

Question 1

Semantics

Answer 1

The level of meaning in language

Question 2

Syntax

Answer 2

rules by which words are combined to make meaningful sentences

Question 3

Lexical Bias

Answer 3

The tendency for phonetical speech errors to result in real words

Question 4

Lemma

Answer 4

Abstract word form that contains syntactic and semantic information about the world.

Question 5

Phones

Answer 5

Basic speech sounds

Question 6

Phonetics

Answer 6

The study of speech sounds

Question 7

Phoneme

Answer 7

The smallest meaningful sound unit within a language.

Question 8

Allophones

Answer 8

Phonetic variants of the same phoneme.

Question 9

Phonology

Answer 9

The sound units within a language

Question 10

Morphemes

Answer 10

Meaning units of language

Question 11

Morphology

Answer 11

The rules by which words are constructed and modified.

Question 12

Free morpheme

Answer 12

A morpheme that can stand alone as a word

Question 13

Bound morpheme

Answer 13

A morpheme that cannot form a word on its own but forms a word when attached to a free morpheme

Question 14

Dual route model reading Lexical Route

Answer 14

• Direct access to stored representations of familiar words in the mental lexicon.
• Common sight words (cat etc.)
• Allows us to quickly recognize the words based on their visual form without needing to sound it out

Question 15

Dual route model non lexical route.

Answer 15

• Involves phonological decoding, where unfamiliar words or words with irregular spelling.

Question 16

The COHORT Model

Answer 16

• Explains how listeners recognize spoken words in real-time.
• Listeners initially activate a set of possible candidate words (cohort) –> as more information becomes available, this cohort is narrowed down.

Question 17

TRACE Model

Answer 17

• connectionist model that considers Top-down effects

Question 18

Right ear advantage

Answer 18

• Language sounds are processed more efficiently with the right ear

Question 19

Parsing

Answer 19

Process by which we establish mental representation of the syntactic structure of a sentence.

Question 20

Slip of the ear

Answer 20

Occurs when we misperceive a word or phrase in speech.