Task List A Flashcards
(23 cards)
Select the key characteristic of applied behavior analysis.
A. Seeks to understand the basic principles of behavior
B. Accounts for all behavior and conceptually guides all other domains
C. Applies behavioral principles to socially relevant human behaviors
D. Delivers interventions, guided by the principles of behavior, to clients
C. Applies behavioral principles to socially relevant human behaviors
Applying behavioral principles to socially-significant human behaviors is a key characteristic of applied behavior analysis
Which of the following is a behavior-analytic description of behavior?
A. The productivity decrease is occurring because the employees feel frustrated, so it takes them longer to complete tasks.
B. The productivity decrease is because employees are paid hourly, so the completed work doesn’t affect the pay.
C. The productivity decrease is occurring because the current projects are harder than previously completed projects.
D. The productivity decrease is because the employees are lazy and only choose to complete the easy tasks.
B. The productivity decrease is because employees are paid hourly, so the completed work doesn’t affect the pay.
A behavior-analytic description includes only information about the impact of the environment and contingencies on behavior, rather than subjective terms.
Sophie taught her client Gemma to imitate play behavior from peers such as throwing a ball and jumping. After this program was mastered, Gemma began imitating words and phrases that her peers said during imitation play. This best demonstrates which dimension of applied behavior analysis?
A. Effective
B. Applied
C. Generality
D. Behavioral
C. Generality
This scenario demonstrates the dimension of generality, which refers to behavior change lasting over time and carrying over to different environments, settings, and contexts.
The supervisor recorded the number of times his new assistant manager conducted a “walk around” each day of the previous week. The data show that the new assistant manager conducted a “walk around” at least once per hour. Based on this scenario, which goal of science is exemplified by the supervisor?
A. Description
B. Prediction
C. Control
D. Selectionism
A. Description
In this case, the supervisor is describing the behavior of his assistant manager and giving a count of the number of times an event occurred.
Lou is a Clinical Director working in an adolescent residential treatment center. Lou is interested in staff performance metrics to ensure they have high-performing staff and can target specific training needs. Lou collects treatment integrity data on their staff while they are working with different clients. Lou determines that, overall, staff are implementing treatment with 89% accuracy. This scenario demonstrates which philosophical assumption of the science of behavior analysis?
A. Parsimony
B. Determinism
C. Empiricism
D. Selectionism
C. Empiricism
Empiricism is the study of behavior using objective observations that are not based on biases or assumptions.
When a researcher uses current data to anticipate future events under similar conditions, they are representing which of the goals of science?
A. Technological
B. Control
C. Description
D. Prediction
d. Prediction
Pollux used to play in the backyard near a beehive for several months. One day, Pollux was playing in the backyard near the beehive, and he was stung by multiple bees resulting in the need for emergency medical care. Pollux no longer goes outside to play near the beehive. This scenario best demonstrates which philosophical assumption of the science of behavior analysis?
A. Empiricism
B. Selectionism
C. Parsimony
D. Pragmatism
Gabby is a behavior analyst who is implementing a new intervention with a client. The intervention was successful at decreasing the client’s problem behavior, related to aggression. Gabby wrote down the steps of her procedure and results in clear detail, then submitted it to a journal for publication so that others might replicate the intervention. By writing down the procedures in explicit detail, Gabby is demonstrating what dimension of behavior analysis?
A. Conceptually systematic
B. Analytical
C. Technological
D. Applied
C. Technological
What is the philosophy that informs all other domains of behavior analysis?
A. Experimental analysis of behavior (EAB)
B. Behaviorism
C. Applied behavior analysis (ABA)
D. Professional practice
B. Behaviorism
When Kyara sets the volume of her speakers too loud, her mother will walk into her room and turn the speaker off for a few minutes. Kyara now makes sure to set the volume of her speakers lower so that her mother does not turn off her music. Which goal of science does Kyara’s behavior best exemplify?
A. Prediction
B. Description
C. Control
D. Replication
C. Control
Kyara’s behavior best exemplifies the goal of control. Control can be established by arranging for consequences to follow a behavior, so that the frequency of the behavior in the future reliably changes
Analytic Dimension
The analytic dimension is focused on investigating and evaluating experimental control through the manipulation of an independent variable and repeated measurement of a dependent variable. The data produced can then be used to determine whether a functional relationship exists between the independent and dependent variables. The data from the changing criterion design demonstrate a relationship between the number of miles run per day and the reinforcement criteria.
Control
Control is when a specific change in one event can be reliably produced by the manipulation of another event. In this scenario, Vinnie is conducting a functional analysis which demonstrates that when no attention is given, SIB occurs and when attention is provided, SIB stops. When Vinnie manipulates attention (providing it or removing it) the SIB is reliably impacted, therefore demonstrating control. This is not an example of description.
Pragmatism
Pragmatism is the assumption that something has value to the extent that it leads to successful outcomes. For example, if a specific diet regime leads to weight loss, that diet is pragmatic because it produces meaningful change for the person on the diet.
Which of the domains of behavior analysis is concerned with the development and validation of procedures to produce socially significant change in the real world?
A. Behavior Analysis Service Delivery (ABA Practice)
B. Conceptual Analysis of Behavior
C. The Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
D. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
D. Applied Behavior Analysis is a technology for improving socially significant behavior, focusing on functional relations between socially significant behavior and controlling variables specifically in an applied (non-laboratory) setting/natural environment.
Control:
Illustrates a functional relation between the behavior and the environment
The best definition of control is demonstration of a functional relation between behavior and its environment. In other words, control is demonstrated by experimentally verifying and producing a reliable, repeatable change in a dependent variable through manipulation of an independent variable.
Johan read an article about an intervention to increase food consumption in clients who refuse a large variety of foods. He implements the intervention with one of his clients, who has severe food selectivity, to see if it is effective. Which philosophical assumption is best exemplified in this scenario?
A. Pragmatism
B. Determinism
C. Parsimony
D. Empiricism
A. Pragmatism
is the philosophical assumption best exemplified in this scenario. Pragmatism leads the behavior analyst to prioritize interventions that are demonstrated to be effective and useful for addressing the specific behavior in question.
Scientists are concerned with natural phenomena, and the natural world is the source of all scientific data. These phenomena are objects and events that can be detected through observation. Scientists agree that good data are objective, reliable, and quantitative. This is which philosophical assumption?
A. Determinism
B. Pragmatism
C. Parsimony
D. Empiricism
D. Empiricism
involves studying behavior using objective observation, experimenting by manipulating variables, and replicating those interventions. Empiricism maintains that scientists seek to obtain objective, reliable, and quantitative data to study phenomena in the natural world.
Which of the following is an example of mutual entailment?
The best example of mutual entailment is identifying that a pound is lighter than a kilogram after being told that a kilogram is heavier than a pound. Mutual entailment is a derived stimulus relation that occurs when a learner is directly taught a relationship between two nonidentical stimuli (“how A related to B”) and is then able to derive that the inverse relation (“how B is related to A”) is also necessarily true
A classroom teacher gives his students a choice between a worksheet that has 10 questions and a worksheet that has 25 questions. Students who complete the 10-question worksheet will earn two tokens to spend on the treasure box at the end of the week. Students who complete the 25-question worksheet will earn eight tokens. What schedule of reinforcement is illustrated here?
The classroom teacher providing a choice between two different worksheets and two different schedules of reinforcement (FR 10) vs (FR 25) would be an example of a concurrent schedule of reinforcement. A concurrent schedule of reinforcement requires two or more schedules of reinforcement that are in place at the same time that are independent of each other and typically involves a choice between two or more activities.
Toby’s dog has learned to run to the door when she hears the doorbell ring because a person will walk through the door and give her attention. Toby started ordering food through a delivery service, so his phone beeps to tell him that food is on the way. Over time, Toby’s dog began running to the front door not only when the doorbell rang, but when his phone beeped as well. Which principle is best exemplified here?
Stimulus Generalization
Leo is kicking his soccer ball inside his house. His mother comes and takes his ball away for a couple of days. Once he got his soccer ball back, Leo no longer kicks his soccer ball inside his house. What does this scenario exemplify?
-Negative Punishment
Operant extinction is, in part, defined by
-is in part defined by voluntary responses and broken contingencies.
-Involuntary responses refer to reflexes, which is respondent behavior.
