taste

Question 1

Receptors of taste and smell

Answer 1

chemoreceptors

Question 2

sensory receptor cells of taste

Answer 2

packaged in taste buds

Question 3

sense organ of taste

Answer 3

taste buds

Question 4

what do taste buds consist of

Answer 4

sensory receptor cells and support cells arranged like slices of orange

Question 5

life span of taste recepotr cells

Answer 5

10 days

Question 6

what are taste receptor cells replaced from

Answer 6

basal cells within the taste buds

Question 7

what do taste receptor cells synpase with

Answer 7

afferent nerve fibres

Question 8

where do majority of taste buds sit

Answer 8

papillae in the tongue

Question 9

papillae

Answer 9

finger-like structures which gives rise to the rough appearance of the dorsum of the tongue

Question 10

4 types of papillae

Answer 10

filiform
fungiform
vallate
foliate

Question 11

which papillae dont contain taste buds

Answer 11

filliform

Question 12

what does binding of taste to receptor cells produce

Answer 12

depolarising receptor potential

Question 13

what does receptor potential initiate

Answer 13

action potentials in afferent nerve fibres whcih synapse with receptor cells

Question 14

how do afferent taste fibres reach the brainstem

Answer 14

via
VIIth cranial nerve (chorda tympani branch of facial nerve) - anterior two-thirds of the tongue

IXth cranial (glossopharyngeal) nerve - posterior third of the tongue

Xth cranial (vagus) nerve - areas other than tongue, including e.g. epiglottis and pharynx

Question 15

five primary tastes

Answer 15

bitter
sour
salty
sweet
savory

Question 16

ageusia

Answer 16

loss of taste functionhy

Question 17

hypogeusia

Answer 17

reduced taste function

Question 18

dysgeusia

Answer 18

distortion of taste function

Question 19

whihc nerve has a protective effect

Answer 19

cn v

Question 20

what nerve mediates the common odours

Answer 20

cn i

Question 21

during quiet brrathing how do odorants reach smell receptors

Answer 21

by diffusion

Question 22

what must a substance be to be smelled

Answer 22

sufficenelty volatile
sufficiently water soluble

Question 23

what must the odourant be before neural conduction can occur from olfactory cleft to brain

Answer 23

pass to olfactory cleft
move from air phase to aqeuous phase

Question 24

lifespan of olfactory receptors

Answer 24

2 months

Question 25

olfactory receptor function

Answer 25

detect odours

Question 26

olfactory receptor steps

Answer 26

Pierce the cribriform plate and enter the olfactory bulbs synapse with 2nd order neurones in the olfactory bulb Complex transformation of chemical energy into a neural signal (glutamate and dopamine) Olfactory bulbs transmit smell information to the brain From the olfactory bulb neurons passes along the olfactory tract to reach temporal lobe and olfactory areas

Question 27

ansomia

Answer 27

inability to smell

Question 28

hyposmia

Answer 28

reduced sense of smell

Question 29

dysosmia

Answer 29

altered sense of smell

Question 30

phantosmia

Answer 30

smell percieved in absence of stimulus

Question 31

objective smell testing

Answer 31

UPSIT