Taxonomy

Question 1

What is Taxonomy + Their 2 main purposes

Answer 1

The science of classifying living things.
1. Identify
2. Relationships between each organism

Question 2

Early Taxonomy

Answer 2

• Aristotle
• Ranks by Adv to most Gen

Question 3

Present Taxonomic Systems

Answer 3

• Carl Linnaeus
• More features that R common between the organisms, the closer they are related.

Question 4

What is rank

Answer 4

Level in classification

Question 5

What is Taxon

Answer 5

The name of each rank

Question 6

Levels of Classification

Answer 6

Domain (Prokaryote, Eukaryotes, Achaea)
Super Kingdom
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 7

6 Kingdom system

Answer 7

Plantae
Animalia
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Archae Bacteria

Question 8

What is the Phylogeny’s evolution system (classification)?

Answer 8

1. / the organism into 2 groups … plantae & animalia
2. Looked into microscope and saw that there were more organisms … Protista
3. Found out that fungi was “plant like” but did not photosensitize … Fungi & Bacteria
4. 1990’s new kingdom of specific bacteria in extreme environments was added … Archaebacteria

Question 9

What did Carl von Linne do

Answer 9

He developed naming system for species

Question 10

What is Binomial nomenclature

Answer 10

• 2 word Latin name to each species
• 1st part is genus, 2nd is species

Question 11

What are Genus

Answer 11

Taxonomic group of species

Question 12

What are Species

Answer 12

Organisms that can be interbreed in nature and can produce fertile offspring.

Question 13

What is Morphology and their concept

Answer 13

The function and structure of the organisms.
- Focuses on morphology of an organism
- Realize on comparisons R completed –> scientist decide if similar organisms represent different species.

Question 14

What is Phylogeny and their concept

Answer 14

The evolution history of a species.
- Focuses on the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
- Species is defined as a cluster of organisms that R diff from other clusters and shows a diff pattern of relationship among organisms.
Eg. When a prehistoric species branches into 2 species overtime = 2 diff phylogenic species.

Question 15

What are the 3 species concepts called?

Answer 15

1. Morphological Species
2. Biolgical Species
3. Phylogenetic Species

Question 16

What is Biological Species and their concept

Answer 16

Whether 2 organisms can produce fertile offspring.
- Focuses on the similar characteristics and the ability for organisms to interbreed in nature to produce viable, fertile offspring.
- If 2 organisms mate natural = 2 individuals R the same species.

Question 17

Morphological Advantages/ Disadvantages

Answer 17

A:- Very simple, used for plants a lot.
D: - Deciding how much difference is between individuals is too much variation.

Question 18

Biological Advantages/ Disadvantages

Answer 18

A: - Used a lot.
D: - Can not be applied to all cases.
Eg. When 2 populations R physically separated, they cannot interbreed = no viable offspring test used.
- Cannot not be applied to organisms that reproduce asexually nor fossil species.

Question 19

Phylogenetic Advantages/ Disadvantages

Answer 19

A: - Applied to extinct species.
- Considers information about relationships among organism learned from DNA —> scientist R using this more!!!
Eg. it was through looking @ DNA, scientist were able to classify the pink iguana as a new species.
D: - Evolution histories R not known for all species.