taxpayer sec 1-5

Question 1

Define: Axial load

Answer 1

a force perpendicular to the supporting member. An axial load is straight and true and is evenly applied to the bearing structure.

Question 2

define: Eccentric load

Answer 2

a force whose resultant is perpendicular to the supporting member but does not pass through the center of mass. The load is not evenly applied to the supporting or bearing member.

Question 3

define: impact load

Answer 3

are loads delivered, in a short time, on structural members and produce stresses on structural members that may not have been provided for in design and may cause collapse.

Question 4

define: lateral load

Answer 4

are loads that are exerted outwardly on a horizontal plane. these forces may take place during a collapse or an explosion. walls are not usually designed to withstand severe lateral loads

Question 5

What are the rules for sprinklers in taxpayers?
A. 1938 code
B. 1968 code
C. 2008 code

Answer 5

A. Area exceeding 10,000 square feet

B. Area exceeding 7500 square feet

C. Full building - area exceeding 12,000 square feet or the combined area on all floors including mezzanine exceeds 24,000 square feet.
Occupancy within building- area exceeding 7500 square feet OR area of any size is located 3 stories above grade OR area of any size is located in a high rise building OR area of any size contains an unenclosed stair or escalator connecting two or more floors.(2.5.1)

Question 6

T or F: Cocklofts in taxpayers can vary in height ranging from 4 inches to more than six feet.

Answer 6

True (3.2.1)

Question 7

What is the most common roof found on taxpayers?

Answer 7

Wood joists covered with either tongue and groove boards or plywood. The roof is then covered with combustible waterproofing material commonly called tarpaper or built up roofing which may be several layers thick.(3.3.1)

Question 8

what is sometimes constructed over an existing roof and forms an additional cockloft?

Answer 8

Inverted, raised or reversed roof construction is used to create a pitch to provide drainage.(3.3.2)

Question 9

The truss is composed of two major members. The top one is called ___1___ and the lower one is called ____2____. Shorter members, called ___3___, connect the top and bottom chords.

Answer 9

1. top chord
2. bottom chord
3. webs
   (3. 3.3)

Question 10

You arrive at a building that has a hump-like roof profile. What does this tell you?

Answer 10

Wooden bowstring truss(3.3.3)

Question 11

Updated calculations have revealed that bowstring truss roofs may only support ____ of the load they were originally designed to hold.

a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 40%
d. 50%

Answer 11

C. 40%

3.3.3

Question 12

T or False: Failure of one truss element can cause failure of the entire truss. This in turn may pull down a number of trusses. In a domino effect which will cause the entire roof, or a large portion, to collapse.

Answer 12

TRUE (3.3.3)

Question 13

True or False: Wood truss roofs become spongy or sag. This is a warning sign that it will fail.

Answer 13

False.
Wood truss roofs appear to fail without warning. The roof does NOT sag or get spongy. Steel trusses tend to stretch when losing their strength because of elevated temperatures, but wood tends to snap. (3.3.3 j)

Question 14

Unprotected open web steel joists are particularly vulnerable to elevated temperatures of a fire and may collapse after only ______.

a. 5-10 minutes
b. 10-15 minutes
c. 20 minutes
d. 15-20 minutes

Answer 14

A. 5-10 minutes

3.3.3

Question 15

How is the stability of masonry walls dependent on the integrity of the roof?

Answer 15

The roof acts as a monolithic brace which ties the walls together. In effect the roof is holding up the walls by providing lateral support.
(3.4.2)

Question 16

Marquees are hollow boxes which can fill up with run off water at a fire operation due to use of heavy streams. A 12' x 24' marquee 4 feet deep when filled can contain approximately how many tons of water?
A. 25 
b. 35
c. 40
d. 50

Answer 16

B. 35 tons of water (3.5.1)
in effect a hanging swimming pool. In 1956 6 firefighters lost their lives in a collapse of a marquee at a furniture store.

Question 17

1. An average 50 foot long steel beam, heated uniformly over its length to 970 F will extend how long?
2. At 1000 F a 100 foot steel beam will have extended how much?

Answer 17

1. 4 inches

2. nine and a half inches
3. 6.1

Question 18

T or F: Cooling a steel member will cause it to regain strength and load carrying ability.

Answer 18

True. Steel will contract to its original length as it is cooled and if the beam has sagged, this shortening may pull the end of the beams off their supports or twist the beam allowing the joists to drop.(3.6.4)

Question 19

Cast iron columns are unpredictable and fail, on the average, in about _____ minutes in fire endurance test.

Answer 19

30 minutes

3.7.1

Question 20

A heavy body of fire burning out of control for_______ minutes or more, particularly in a large open floor area is a sign for potential structural collapse.

Answer 20

20 minutes

4.2.5)

Question 21

It must be remembered that when a high heat condition, combustible gases and highly heated contents are present, a room or fire area requires only_____% of its space to contain the explosive mixture for the entire area to possibly explode

Answer 21

25% (4.4.1 F)

Question 22

Who controls all horizontal and initial vertical ventilation?

Answer 22

Ladder company officer

5.1.5

Question 23

What is the recommended size of the roof cut for a taxpayer?

Answer 23

eight feet by eight feet

5.4.6

Question 24

The immediate ventilation and cutting of an effective size hole on the roof calls for____ saws and ______ members on the roof.

Answer 24

2 saws and 4 members (5.4.12)

Question 25

When must a roof sector supervisor supervise roof operations?

Answer 25

when more than one power saw is working on the roof (5.4.12)

Question 26

when using the fog nozzle(FT-2 tip) to relieve an area of smoke and heat how is this done?

Answer 26

adjust fog pattern to width of opening and stand back four to five feet. (5.4.16)

Question 27

1. At cellar fires, when cutting the first floor to provide ventilation where shall this cut be made? 2. What is needed when making these cuts?

Answer 27

1. Cut shall be made as near to windows as possible and away from doorways and aisles.(5.5.22) 2. all such cuts should be covered by hoselines(5.5.22)

Question 28

T or False: Under no circumstances shall any member operate on the roof of any building involved in a content or structural fire with a wooden, metal or combination bowstring truss design.

Answer 28

True....(5.5.25 Note)

Question 29

While cutting the roof of a taxpayer you notice a white powdery residue. what does this tell you and what should be done?

Answer 29

the roof is a gypsum roof deck and members should immediately notify the roof sector supervisor and IC and evacuate the roof (5.5.26 H)

Question 30

How wide ishould a trench cut be?

Answer 30

At least three feet wide(5.6.1)

Question 31

What situations warrant a second alarm?

Answer 31

transmit second alarm for extension to the cockloft,adjoining occupancy or for an advanced fire in the cellar.(5.7.4)

Question 32

A minimum of how many portable ladders shall be placed on the front of the taxpayer building?

Answer 32

A minimum of two portable ladders. To provide an alternate means of egress from the roof. They shall also be placed to indicate the boundaries of the fire building or the location of division walls within the boundaries of the fire.(5.7.8)