Taylor 39 Flashcards
1
Q
S/S of hyponatremia
A
Serum Na <135 mEq/L confusion hypotension edema muscle cramps weakness dry skin
2
Q
S/S of hypernatremia
A
Serum Na >145 mEq/L signs of neurological impairment restlessness weakness disorientation delusions hallucinations
3
Q
S/S of hypokalemia
A
Serum K <3.5 mEq/L muscle weakness leg cramps fatigue parasthesias disrhythmia
4
Q
S/S of hyperkalemia
A
Serum K >5mEq/L
muscle weakness
arrhythmia
5
Q
S/S of hypocalcemia
A
Serum Ca <8.6 mg/dL numbness tingling of fingers/mouth/feet tetany muscle cramps seizures
6
Q
S/S of hypercalcemia
A
Serum Ca >10.2 mg/dL nausea vomiting constipation bone pain excessive urination thirst confusion lethargy slurred speech
7
Q
S/S of hypomagnesia
A
serum Mg <1.3 mEq/L muscle weakness tremors tetany seizures heart block AMS resp paralysis hyperactive Deep Tendon Reflexes
8
Q
S/S of hypermagnesia
A
serum Mg >2.3 mEq/L nausea vomiting weakness flushing lethargy loss of Deep Tendon Reflexes resp paralysis
9
Q
S/S of hypophosphatemia
A
serum (PO4)3- <2.5 mg/dL irritability fatigue weakness parastesias confusion seizures coma
10
Q
S/S of hyperphosphatemia
A
serum (PO4)3- >4.5 mg/dL tetany anorexia nausea muscle weakness tachycardia
11
Q
S/S of hypochloremia
A
serum Cl <97 mEq/L hyperexcitablity of muscles tetany hyperactive Deep Tendon Relfexes weakness muscle cramps
12
Q
S/S hyperchloremia
A
serum Cl > 107 mEq/L tachypnea weakness lethargy diminished cognitive ability hypertension decreased cardiac output dysrhythmias coma
13
Q
Metabolic acidosis
A
low blood pH due to gain of H+ or loss of HCO3-
Resp increase to try to blow off CO2 (usually doesn’t work)
kidneys excrete excess H+ and retain HCO3-
14
Q
metabolic alkalosis
A
high blood pH due to gain of HCO3- or loss of H+
Resp rate slows or even stops to try to retain CO2
kidneys excrete excess H2O and Na with
excesHCO3- and retain H+
15
Q
causes of hyponatremia
A
losing too much fluid
