TB e PNM

Question 1

What is the causative agent of Tuberculosis?

Answer 1

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 2

True or False: Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the primary mode of transmission for Tuberculosis?

Answer 3

Airborne particles from an infected person

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The immune response to Tuberculosis involves the formation of _____ in the lungs.

Answer 4

granulomas

Question 5

What is the main diagnostic test for Tuberculosis?

Answer 5

Tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test)

Question 6

True or False: A positive Tuberculin skin test confirms active Tuberculosis.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What imaging technique is commonly used to diagnose pulmonary Tuberculosis?

Answer 7

Chest X-ray

Question 8

What is the gold standard for confirming a diagnosis of active Tuberculosis?

Answer 8

Sputum culture

Question 9

Name one common symptom of active Tuberculosis.

Answer 9

Chronic cough

Question 10

What is the first-line treatment for active Tuberculosis?

Answer 10

Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol (HRZE)

Question 11

True or False: Treatment for Tuberculosis typically lasts for 6 to 12 months.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is one major complication of untreated Tuberculosis?

Answer 12

Respiratory failure

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Drug-resistant Tuberculosis is often due to incomplete _____ of the treatment regimen.

Answer 13

adherence

Question 14

What type of Tuberculosis occurs when the infection spreads outside the lungs?

Answer 14

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Question 15

What is the role of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine?

Answer 15

To provide some immunity against Tuberculosis

Question 16

True or False: People with latent Tuberculosis are contagious.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

What is the significance of a ‘positive’ interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)?

Answer 17

It indicates a possible Tuberculosis infection.

Question 18

What is the primary risk factor for developing active Tuberculosis?

Answer 18

Immunocompromised state (e.g., HIV infection)

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The most common site of extrapulmonary Tuberculosis is the _____ system.

Answer 19

lymphatic

Question 20

What is the purpose of directly observed therapy (DOT) in Tuberculosis treatment?

Answer 20

To ensure adherence to the treatment regimen

Question 21

Which drug is associated with hepatotoxicity in Tuberculosis treatment?

Answer 21

Isoniazid

Question 22

True or False: Tuberculosis can be transmitted through shared utensils.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What laboratory test is used to detect drug resistance in Tuberculosis?

Answer 23

Drug susceptibility testing

Question 24

What is a common side effect of Rifampicin?

Answer 24

Orange discoloration of body fluids

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends _____ as a key strategy for controlling Tuberculosis.

Answer 25

early diagnosis and treatment

Question 26

What is an important public health strategy to prevent the spread of Tuberculosis?

Answer 26

Contact tracing

Question 27

What is the risk of developing Tuberculosis in individuals with diabetes?

Answer 27

Increased risk due to immunocompromise

Question 28

True or False: Smoking is a risk factor for developing active Tuberculosis.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What is the most common age group affected by Tuberculosis?

Answer 29

Young adults (15-49 years)

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The presence of _____ in sputum is a hallmark of active Tuberculosis.

Answer 30

acid-fast bacilli

Question 31

What is the impact of HIV on Tuberculosis infection?

Answer 31

It significantly increases the risk of developing active Tuberculosis.

Question 32

What is the recommended follow-up duration after completing Tuberculosis treatment?

Answer 32

6 to 12 months

Question 33

What is the primary goal of Tuberculosis control programs?

Answer 33

To reduce transmission and morbidity associated with the disease.