TB, Rabies , Malaria , candida , athletes foo Flashcards
(42 cards)
Where are Rabies found ?
In mammals
What does rabies do?
Rabies infects the nervous system of mammals
Side effects of Rabies?
Become mentally disturbed and aggressive
How to prevent Rabies ?
Vaccinate your pets
What does TB stand for ?
Tuberculosis
What is TB
It’s a chronic bacterial disease which in humans is usually caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
How is TB spread ?
Air , break in mucous droplets, people live close together , inadequate housing , low immune system
Name 8 Symptoms of TB
Coughing ( 3+ weeks) Coughing blood Chest pain Weight loss Fatigue Chills Fever Night sweats
How is TB diagnosed?
- The lymph nodes are checked for swelling
- Sound of lungs
- Skin tests
- Blood tests
- spit test
- xrays
- PPD tuberculin
Explain what PPD tuberculin means ?
This substance is Injected - 48 to 72 hours a health doc will check for swelling
How is TB treated ? What are the two names of the drugs v
More ham 20 drugs available , different cocktails are used ( usually 4) - bedaquiline & delamanid for people with susceptible TB in six months
Bedaquiline and delamanid
Aggressive antibiotics
MDR TB
Multi drug resistance- does not react to prescribed drug , a strain that is resistant towards the medication
What is Extreme MDR TB
A even more resistant Strain of TB
How to prevent TB ?
Don’t spend long periods of time is stuffy , enclosed areas
Immunization ( especially with children as they have an incomplete immunity)
Relationship between TB and AIDS
HIV/AIDS weakens the immune system and makes one susceptible to opportunistic infections such as TB
Hat is the name of the vaccination given for TB
the BGG - vaccine
What is malaria ?
A potentially fatal tropical disease caused by the plasmodium parasite .
How is Malaria treated ?
With the chloroquine or hydroxchloroquine drug
What is he name of the anti-Malaria drug?
Quinine
What is the traditional medicine used to treat Malaria ?
Artemisia
The 11 steps of the life cycle of the plasmodium in the mosquito
1) a Malaria infected female anopheles mosquito inoculates sporozites to the human host
2) sprozites infect liver cells
3) then they mature into schizonts
4) schizonts rupture & release merozoites
5) merozoites infect red blood cells
6) blood stage parasites are responsible for the clinical manifestation of the disease
7) the gametocytes are ingested by an anopheles mos during a feeding
8) in mos’s stomach , zygotes are generated
9) zygote invade midgut of stomach wall and develop into cocysts
10) the cocysts grow , rupture and release sporozoites which Transfer to the mosquitoes salivary glands
11) mos bites human
Five steps of the life cycle of plasmodium in humans
1) mos bites human , injections sporozoites which enter the liver cells
2) sporozoites enter the liver , where they reproduce asexually to form merozoites.
3) merozoites travel from liver cells to red blood cells where they reproduce asexually causing disease symptoms
4) male and female gamonts are formed in blood cells . Mos sucks blood and gamonts are in stomach of mos
5) gamonts form sex cells which fuse in fertilization . Zygotes undergo meiosis forming cysts from which many new sporozoites emerge
Prevention and control of malaria ( biological control)
-entomophathogenoc fungi
- bacterial agents
- doors and windows closed
- cover body
-mos net
-antimalaria tablets
Introduce certain fish species
