TBI

Question 1

initial damage to the brain.

Answer 1

primary injury

Question 2

hours or days after the primary injury. In adequate delivery of nutrients

Answer 2

secondary

Question 3

simple abrasion, scalp bleeds profusely, hematoma beneath the layers of the tissue of the scalp

Answer 3

superficial injury

Question 4

management of a superficial injury

Answer 4

determine degree, clean wound, apply antibiotic cream, ct to rule out fracture, TT may be needed

Question 5

Lobe? Personality, behavior, emotion, intellectual functions, concentration, judement

Answer 5

frontal

Question 6

brocas area is where? what is caused there

Answer 6

frontal, language production. (Expressive aphasia)

Question 7

lobe: sensory area sensory discrimination

Answer 7

parietal

Question 8

Lobe? Visual reception, visual interpretation

Answer 8

occipital (OH I SEE)

Question 9

motor coordination equilibrium, balance

Answer 9

cereBELLum. Bella gets me home when I am drunk

Question 10

hearing, taste smell (TSH), memory

Answer 10

temporal.

Question 11

which speech area does the temporal lobe have

Answer 11

wernicke’s (receptive aphasia)

Question 12

breathing, digestion, HR control, vessel control A/O

Answer 12

brain stem

Question 13

low velocity impact, simple break in continuity, temporal bone meningeal artery tear,

Answer 13

simple or linear skull fracture

Question 14

underneath what is CSF

Answer 14

dura mater

Question 15

splinted or multiple line, fragmented interruptions, contaminated and open would debridement and surgical closure

Answer 15

open or comminuted skull fracture

Question 16

tear to dura, CSF leakage

Answer 16

basal skull fracture

Question 17

Halo sign

Answer 17

CSF leakage. Blood with yellow ring around it

Question 18

when leaking blood from the nose, don’t do what?

Answer 18

blow it

Question 19

battle sign

Answer 19

ecchymosis over the mastoid bone. bulging tempanic membrane, raccoon eyes or periorbital ecchymosis

Question 20

battle sign is a sign of

Answer 20

basal skull fracture

Question 21

halo sign is a sign of

Answer 21

basal skull fracture

Question 22

displacement of communited skull fracture. frequently seen with contusions or lacerations

Answer 22

depressed skull fracture

Question 23

halo sign, battle sign, otorrhea, rhinorrhea, R/F infection, persistent localized pain

Answer 23

depressed skull fracture

Question 24

in a depressed skull fracture, elevation of the bone and debridement needs to happen within

Answer 24

24 hours

Question 25

drainage of CSF is a major problem associated with

Answer 25

meningitis

Question 26

skull fracture diagnostic tests

Answer 26

xray, CT, MRI, cerebral angiography

Question 27

with is the safest and which is the most accurate diagnostic tests for skull fracture

Answer 27

CT scan - safe. MRI - accurate

Question 28

types of hematomas

Answer 28

epidural, subdural, intracerebral

Question 29

bleeding between het space of the skull and dura

Answer 29

epidural hematoma

Question 30

most common in temperal bone area. laceration of and artery or vein. CLASSIC SYMPTOM: brief LOC followed by lucid interval lasting from min to hours

Answer 30

epidural hematoma

Question 31

when lucid and awake, compensation is occuring. when no longer able to compensate?

Answer 31

rapid deterioration of LOC, restless, agitation, confusion, can progress to coma.

Question 32

bleeding between the dura and the arachnoid layer

Answer 32

subdural hematoma

Question 33

type of subdural hematoma where the symptoms last for 48 hours to three weeks. bleeding at a much slower rate

Answer 33

subacute subdural hematoma

Question 34

subdural hematoma that lasts 3 weeks to several months. develops slowly from the repeated small venous bleed until a significant mass effect develops

Answer 34

chronic subdural hematoma

Question 35

hematoma usually seen in the elderly due to brain shrinkage which weakens tissue and stretches blood vessels

Answer 35

chronic subdural hematoma

Question 36

bleeding into the substance of the brain. head injuries. aneurysm rupture, intracranial tumors, bleeding disorders, anticoagulant therapy

Answer 36

intracerebral hematoma

Question 37

a sudden change in the clients behavior is an indication of

Answer 37

ICP

Question 38

a sudden change in behavior needs to be

Answer 38

reported stat

Question 39

hematoma management

Answer 39

anti-seizure medication, CCB (nimodipine), mannitol

Question 40

which CCB for hematoma management

Answer 40

nimodipine

Question 41

shaking of the brain

Answer 41

concussion

Question 42

LOC less than 30 min. self reported, memory lapse,

Answer 42

mild concussion

Question 43

results in LOC, last less than six hourse, post traumatic amnesia

Answer 43

classic concussion

Question 44

characterized by a second impact within several weeks before the brain recovers from the first concussion. massive cerebral edema and death can occur

Answer 44

second impact syndrome

Question 45

bruising of the brain due to skull fracture or hematoma

Answer 45

contusion

Question 46

frontal lobe and occipital lobe affected

Answer 46

coup/countercoup

Question 47

causes: blunt trauma, penetrating wound, acceleration/deceleration injuries by MVA, falls, assaults

Answer 47

contusion

Question 48

greater release of ADH, excessive retention of water, hyponatremia

Answer 48

SIADH

Question 49

avoid what after TBI due to masking symptoms

Answer 49

opioids

Question 50

injury to the white matter that results in tearing and shearing of axons and small blood vessels

Answer 50

diffuse axonal injury

Question 51

coma, decrebrate, decorticate posture. long term disability is final outcome

Answer 51

diffuse axonal injury

Question 52

score of less than 8? Score of less than 3?

Answer 52

vent, complete coma

Question 53

patient is awake with no cognitive awareness. state of coma after severe brain injury.

Answer 53

persistent vegetative state

Question 54

score of less than 3. sustained, severe head injury, compatible with life, coma, absence of brain stem reflexes and apnea

Answer 54

brain death