TC6-A--Skin Diseases

Question 1

Tolnaftate

Answer 1

Anti-fungal (not useful against Candida)
- inhibits squalene epoxidase (ergosterol)
SE: ???

Question 2

Fluocinonide

Answer 2

TONS of derm stuff
- Steroid –> anti-inflammatory, anti-mitotic
SE: Lots–> HPA axis dysfxn, Cushing’s, skin atrophy, skin redness

Question 3

NYStatin

Answer 3

Candida infections
- disrupts cell membranes (creates pores, binds membranes)
SE: ???

Question 4

MiconAZOLE

Answer 4

Anti-fungal
- inhibits fungal cytochrome p450 (ergosterol)
SE: ???

Question 5

Isotretinoin

Answer 5

Medically-refractory acne
- (same as retinoic acid)
SE: Teratogenic! (preg. test first), dry or itchy skin/mucous membranes

Question 6

Minoxidil

Answer 6

Promotes hair growth
- Relaxes arterial smooth muscle (similar to hydralazine), unclear MOA for hair growth
SE: hypertension (baroreceptor response, Na+/water retention)

Question 7

FINasteride

Answer 7

Promotes hair growth
- 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor
SE: ED, decreased libido, ejaculation disorder
“Finnish alpha males may have fine hair, but everything else falls.”

Question 8

METROnidazole

Answer 8

Rosacea
- Reduces nitro fxnal groups –> ssDNA breaks
SE: Pot. carcinogen (NO to pregnant, nursing); disulfiram rxn w/oral ingestion

Question 9

BeclomethaSONE

Answer 9

TONS of derm stuff
- Steroid –> anti-inflammatory, anti-mitotic
SE: Lots–> HPA axis dysfxn (e.g. cortisol), Cushing’s, skin atrophy, skin redness

Question 10

Ciclopirox

Answer 10

Dermatomycosis (e.g. candidiasis)
- Unclear (maybe acts at fungal cell wall)
SE: pruritis

Question 11

PenCYCLOVIR

Answer 11

HSV 1, 2
- Guanosine analog –> inhibits viral DNA polymerase
SE: ???

Question 12

Podophyllin

Answer 12

Condyloma accuminata
- Inhibits mitotic spindle formation –> inhibits cell division
SE: Teratogen! (Preg. test first), neurologic symptoms

Question 13

ClindaMYCIN

Answer 13

Acne– First line
- blocks 50S subunit
SE: C. diff colitis

Question 14

Capsaicin

Answer 14

Muscle pain, aches
- Desensitizes sensory C fibers
SE: N/V, abdominal pain

Question 15

Azelaic acid

Answer 15

Acne (vulgaris, rosacea)
- Unclear MOA
SE: ???

Question 16

Oxybenzone

Answer 16

Sunscreen

- absorbs 250-360 nm (less effective than PABA)

Question 17

TriamcinolONE

Answer 17

TONS of derm stuff
- Steroid –> anti-inflammatory, anti-mitotic
SE: Lots–> HPA axis dysfxn (e.g. cortisol), Cushing’s, skin atrophy, skin redness

Question 18

Terbinafine

Answer 18

Anti-fungal (less useful against yeast)
- inhibits squalene epoxidase (ergosterol)
SE: ???

Question 19

LINDAne

Answer 19

Pediculus capitus, pediculous pubis
- Blocks GABA
SE: neurotoxin (seizures, hematotoxicity = caution in infants, children, pregnancy)
“LINDA with lice likes to GAB”

Question 20

ErythroMYCIN

Answer 20

Acne– First line
- blocks 50S subunit
SE: antibiotic resistance

Question 21

Fluorouracil

Answer 21

Actinic keratoses
- Keratolytic agent (inhibits thymidylate synthetase –> disrupts DNA synthesis)
SE: Photosensitivity

Question 22

Retinoic acid

Answer 22

Medically-refractory acne
- Increased epithelial cell turnover; increased dermal collagen synthesis, increased angiogenesis, thickened epithelium
SE: Teratogenic! (preg. test first), redness, tumorigenic (if area exposed to UV light)

Question 23

DOXepin

Answer 23

Itching (Dog + Fox = DOX but still w/fleas = itch)
- H1, H2 antagonist
SE: Drowsiness, anticholinergic effects

Question 24

ClotrimAZOLE

Answer 24

Anti-fungal
- inhibits fungal cytochrome p450 (ergosterol)
SE: ???

Question 25

Salicylic acid

Answer 25

Keratosis - Keratolytic agent SE: salicylate toxicity, anaphylaxis, erythema multiforme

Question 26

TAZARotene

Answer 26

Psoriasis, Acne - Modifies gene expression via retinoic acid receptor (TARZan swinging on a vine (DNA) with big blue eyes (RETINa = RETINoic acid) --> anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative SE: Teratogenic! (preg. test first), worsened photosensitivity (don't take tetracyclines), peeling, burning, redness

Question 27

Permethrin

Answer 27

``` Pediculus humanus (lice), scabies - Disrupts Na+ channels --> pest paralysis SE: neurotoxin (slows conduction) ```

Question 28

Crotamiton

Answer 28

Scabies - Unclear MOA SE: ???

Question 29

PABA

Answer 29

Sunscreen - absorbs 280-320 nm (UVB rays) SE: photosensitivity

Question 30

Benzoyl peroxide

Answer 30

Acne (vulgaris)-- First Line - Antimicrobial, causes skin peeling, comedolytic SE: local rxn, bleaches hair

Question 31

Selenium sulfide/Ketoconazole shampoo

Answer 31

Seborrhea - Unclear MOA SE: ???

Question 32

Propylene glycol

Answer 32

Conditions needing moisturization (hyperkeratosis, ichthyosis, psoriasis, lichen planus) - Keratolytic, hygroscopic agent SE: ???

Question 33

Psoralen (Sword)

Answer 33

Psoriasis, vitiligo - Photosensitizing drug-- makes DNA more susceptible to UVB damage (Stabbing DNA with a sword) SE: Photoaging, skin CA, melanoma, cataracts

Question 34

HydrocortiSONE

Answer 34

TONS of derm stuff - Steroid --> anti-inflammatory, anti-mitotic SE: Lots--> HPA axis dysfxn (e.g. cortisol), Cushing's, skin atrophy, skin redness

Question 35

Mupirocin

Answer 35

Topical agent (Staph, Strep infections)