Teat surgery

Question 1

What are the four techniques for teat surgery restraint?

Answer 1

• Standing in milk parlour
• Raising hind leg in foot trimming crush
• Tail jacking
• Sedation

Question 2

What are the pros and cons of sedation for teat surgery restraint?

Answer 2

• Can be used with other techniques
• May result in recumbency

Question 3

What are the pros and cons of tail jacking for teat surgery restraint?

Answer 3

• Quick and easy
• Cow can still kick

Question 4

What are the pros and cons of raising hind leg in foot trimming crush for teat surgery restraint?

Answer 4

• Big reduction in kicking on standing side
• Need access to appropriate equipment
• Can be an awkward height

Question 5

What are the pros and cons of standing in milk parlour for teat surgery restraint?

Answer 5

• More comfortable working height
• Cow can still kick

Question 6

Does the age of laceration alter prognosis?

Answer 6

• The newer the laceration, the better the surgery prognosis

Question 7

Does the site of laceration alter prognosis?

Answer 7

• Yes distal lacerations are harder to repair and heal worse

Question 8

Does the orientation of the laceration alter prognosis?

Answer 8

• Vertical and horizontal lesions heal the same

Question 9

Does involvement of the streak canal alter prognosis?

Answer 9

• If streak canal is involved, prognosis is worse

Question 10

Does the depth of laceration alter prognosis?

Answer 10

• The deeper the laceration, the worse the prognosis

Question 11

What is the most common site for teat obstruction?

Answer 11

• The membrane between the junction of the teat and the gland

Question 12

Why do teat obstructions occur?

Answer 12

• Due to proliferation of granulomatous tissue after occurrence of a normal teat injury

Question 13

Why might the vet choose to amputate the teat?

Answer 13

• Irreversible trauma
• Severe or gangerous mastitis

Question 14

What local anaesthetic techniques are there for teat surgery?

Answer 14

• Ring block
• Teat cistern infusion
• Inverted V block
• IV regional anaesthesia

Question 15

What three layers of teat wall are likely to be sutured in teat surgery?

Answer 15

• Mucosal
• Submucosal
• Skin

Question 16

What suture pattern and material would be used for the mucosal layer?

Answer 16

• Continuous suture
• 4.0 or 5.0 vicryl

Question 17

What suture pattern and material would be used for the submucosal layer?

Answer 17

• Continuous suture
• 4.0 vicryl

Question 18

What suture pattern and material would be used for the skin layer?

Answer 18

• Simple interrupted or horizontal mattress
• 2.0/3.0 prolene

Question 19

What are examples of infectious teat lesion causes?

Answer 19

• Mastitis
• Bovine herpes mamillitis (BHV-2)

Question 20

What are examples of non-infectious teat lesion causes?

Answer 20

• Laceration
• Hyperkeratosis
• Udder oedema
• Ischaemic necrosis
• Photosensitisation