tectonics

Question 1

when was the montserrat eruption?

Answer 1

1995-1997

Question 2

how many died in the montserrat eruption?

Answer 2

19

Question 3

what were the social impacts of the montserrat eruption?

Answer 3

• 2/3rds population evacuated
• 150 houses destroyed
• inhalation injuries & burns
• farmland & crops destroyed

Question 4

what were the economic impacts of the montserrat eruption?

Answer 4

• hospital & infrastructure destroyed
• airport shut down
• 21.5% economic downturn

Question 5

how much aid did the uk send to montserrat?

Answer 5

$122.8 million to reconstruct economy

Question 6

when was the eyjafjallajökull eruption?

Answer 6

2010

Question 7

how many people died due to eyjafjallajökull erupting?

Answer 7

none

Question 8

what were the social impacts of eyjafjallajökull?

Answer 8

• ash in water supply
• 700 evacuated due to melting glacier
• local roads closed
• 10 million global air passengers stranded

Question 9

what were the economic impacts of eyjafjallajökull?

Answer 9

• 100,000 flights cancelled
• airlines lost $1.7 billion
• european economy lost $5 billion

Question 10

when was the haitian earthquake?

Answer 10

2010

Question 11

how many died in haiti?

Answer 11

220,000

Question 12

what were the social impacts of the haitian earthquake?

Answer 12

• 300,000 injured
• 1.3 million homeless
• cholera epidemic due to contaminated water
• collapsed buildings

Question 13

what were the economic impacts of the haitian earthquake?

Answer 13

• $150 billion damage

- industry lost $30 billion

Question 14

how much did the red cross donate to haiti?

Answer 14

£100 million

Question 15

when was the christchurch earthquake?

Answer 15

2011

Question 16

how many died in christchurch?

Answer 16

181

Question 17

what were the social impacts of the christchurch earthquake?

Answer 17

• 2,000 injured
• schools closed
• 80% of city without electricity
• over 50% central city buildings damaged

Question 18

what were the economic impacts of the christchurch earthquake?

Answer 18

• $40 billion damage

- lost $230 million of tourism income

Question 19

how much aid did christchurch receive?

Answer 19

$6-7 million

Question 20

when was the indian ocean tsunami?

Answer 20

boxing day 2004

Question 21

how many died in the indian ocean tsunami?

Answer 21

227,898

Question 22

what were the social impacts of the indian ocean tsunami?

Answer 22

• 1.8 million people displaced
• 1,500 sumatran villages destroyed
• 120,000 tourism workers unemployed

Question 23

what were the economic impacts of the indian ocean tsunami?

Answer 23

• $10+ billion damage
• 60% of sri lanka’s fishing fleet & infrastructure destroyed
• thailand lost $25 million from tourism monthly
• agricultural land salt water contaminated

Question 24

how much was the emergency appeal from the indian ocean tsunami?

Answer 24

$187 million for shelters and supplies

Question 25

when was the japanese tsunami?

Answer 25

2011

Question 26

how many died in the japanese tsunami?

Answer 26

15,899

Question 27

what were the social impacts of the japanese tsunami?

Answer 27

- 300,000 refugees - food, water & medicine shortages - 230,000 in temporary housing in 2015

Question 28

what were the economic impacts of the japanese tsunami?

Answer 28

- $250 billion cost - economy shrunk by 3.1% - ports & airports damaged

Question 29

how can location determine the impacts of a hazard?

Answer 29

- proximity to hazard - remoteness - population density - level of development: education & planning - affordability of prediction

Question 30

how can earthquakes be predicted?

Answer 30

- seismographs - pre-tremors - radon gas detection (spectrometer) - historical trends - GIS building movement markers (san andreas)

Question 31

how can tsunamis be predicted?

Answer 31

- DART systems - historical trends - tide drawdown

Question 32

how can volcanic eruptions be predicted?

Answer 32

- sulphur dioxide detection (spectrometer) - historical trends - crater filling with magma - local surface water temperature increasing - volcano steepness increasing (geodimeter)

Question 33

what are the four stages of the hazard management cycle?

Answer 33

- response: emergency rescue, death toll - recovery - mitigation: education, shelters, aseismic architecture - preparation: population ready for event

Question 34

when was the sichuan earthquake?

Answer 34

2008

Question 35

how many died in the sichuan earthquake?

Answer 35

69,227

Question 36

what were the social impacts of the sichuan earthquake?

Answer 36

- 18,000 missing - 10 million homeless - 8 million buildings collapsed - water & power lost

Question 37

what were the economic impacts of the sichuan earthquake?

Answer 37

- $150 billion damage | - industry lost $60 million

Question 38

how much aid did the red cross donate to sichuan?

Answer 38

£100 million