tectonics case studys

Question 1

Haiti earthquake

Answer 1

2010, magnitude 7
Death toll up to 300,000
Poorest country in western hemisphere, corrupt government, unplanned settlements

Question 2

Sichuan

Answer 2

2008, magnitude 7.9
4.8 million people homeless, 2nd most expensive ever recorded, 87,000 deaths
Many buildings were not earthquake proof, took place in afternoon

Question 3

Tohoku

Answer 3

2011, magnitude 9, tsunami 40m tall
Cost $235 billion
Had a warning system, tsunami defences gave false sense of security so less evacuated, flooded nuclear power station, 56% of deaths were over age 65, classified as mega disaster due to temporary closure of airports

Question 4

Indian ocean

Answer 4

2004, magnitude 9, tsunami up to 30m tall
250,000 deaths, coastal villages and towns destroyed
Boxing day so many tourists, lack of education, no warning system

Question 5

Christchurch

Answer 5

2011, magnitude 6.3
185 deaths
Received $6-7 million in international aid, 30,000 residents supplied with chemical toilets, now has ‘red zones’

Question 6

Nevado del ruiz

Answer 6

1985, VEI 3, largest lahar ever recorded
23,000 deaths
Colombian government knew about lahar but chose not to evacuate people

Question 7

Eyjafjallajokull

Answer 7

2010, VEI 4
0 recorded deaths, flight delays across Europe caused it to be classes as a mega disaster as airlines lost $130 million per day
Volcano was monitored and everyone was evacuated

Question 8

Montserrat

Answer 8

1995-1997, VEI 3
Caused depopulation (population over halved since), forest fires destroyed farms, tourism industry collapsed due to closure of airport
Entire island was in 15km radius of volcano

Question 9

Multiple hazard zone: Phillipines

Answer 9

24 active volcanoes
Vulnerable to tsunamis as surrounded by the sea and on a plate boundary
Lies in tropical cyclone zone so is affected by 15-20 tycoons per year
Vulnerable to landslides due to mountainous climate