Tectonics EQ1

Question 1

Seismic hazards are generated within what distance of the Earth’s surface?

Answer 1

700km

Question 2

What % of earthquakes are found along plate boundaries?

Answer 2

95%

Question 3

What % of all earthquakes are found on the ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’?

Answer 3

70%

Question 4

How many active volcanoes are their globally?

Answer 4

1900

Question 5

On average, how many volcanoes erupt each year?

Answer 5

50

Question 6

Volcanoes which form away from plate boundaries are called what?

Answer 6

Hot spots

Question 7

Which theory is now less accepted as being responsible for plate movement?

Answer 7

Mantle Convection

Question 8

Roughly how many years does the Earth’s magnetic field change direction?

Answer 8

400,000

Question 9

Harry Hess came up with the hypothesis of what?

Answer 9

Seafloor spreading

Question 10

What is the temperature of Earth’s inner core?

Answer 10

6000 degrees

Question 11

Mid-ocean ridges extend for over how many kilometres across the world’s ocean floors?

Answer 11

60,000

Question 12

How many different types of seismic waves are there?

Answer 12

3 (Primary, Secondary and Love)

Question 13

The Loma Prieta earthquake occurred in which year?

Answer 13

1989

Question 14

What was the time and date of the Loma Prieta earthquake?

Answer 14

17:04 on the 17th October

Question 15

The cities Marina District, which suffered the worst of the damage was built on what kind of soil?

Answer 15

Soft, sandy soil

Question 16

What was the death toll of the Loma Prieta earthquake?

Answer 16

67

Question 17

What was the magnitude of the Christchurch aftershock in 2011?

Answer 17

6.3

Question 18

According to the U.S Geological Survey, what is the chance (5) of another ‘serious’ earthquake striking San Franciso in the next 30 years?

Answer 18

67%

Question 19

What was the year of the Eyjafjallajökull earthquake in Iceland?

Answer 19

2010

Question 20

How many commercial flights were cancelled during the Eyjafjallajökull earthquake worldwide?

Answer 20

100,000

Question 21

What was the daily loss of revenue for Kenyan businesses because of not being able to fly fresh veg and flowers to Europe as a result of the Eyjafjallajökull earthquake?

Answer 21

US$1.3 million

Question 22

How many people worldwide are at risk from hazards caused by volcanoes?

Answer 22

500 million

Question 23

What temperature can lava flows reach?

Answer 23

1170 degrees C

Question 24

What temperature can pyroclastic flows reach?

Answer 24

700 degrees C

Question 25

What speed can pyroclastic flows reach?

Answer 25

100 km per hour

Question 26

On what date did the Soufriere Hills Volcano erupt on the island of Monserrat?

Answer 26

18th July 1995

Question 27

How many people moved to other countries as a result of the Monserrat volcanic eruption?

Answer 27

7000

Question 28

What speed can tsunamis reach?

Answer 28

805 km per hour

Question 29

The Indian Ocean Tsunami occurred in what year?

Answer 29

2004

Question 30

The floor of the Indian Ocean was thrusted what distance during the Indian Ocean earthquake?

Answer 30

15 metres

Question 31

How high was the tsunami wave that struck Banda Ache during the Indian Ocean earthquake?

Answer 31

17

Question 32

How many people died during the Indian Ocean earthquake?

Answer 32

300,000

Question 33

In Thailand, how much money did the tourist industry lose per month, because of the Indian Ocean Tsunami?

Answer 33

US$25 million

Question 34

In Sri Lanka, what % of the fishing fleet and industrial infrastructure was lost because of the Indian Ocean Tsunami?

Answer 34

60%

Question 35

As a result of the Indian Ocean Tsunami, most vegetation and topsoil were removed over what distance inland?

Answer 35

800 metres