Tectonics Primary And Secodnary Hazards

Question 1

What is an example of a landslide as a secondary EQ hazard?

Answer 1

Cashmere 2005
26000 properties were destroyed

Question 2

What is an example of liquefaction?

Answer 2

Nigaata 1964 (Japan)
60 degrees of tilt on buildings

Question 3

What are 2 examplesof a tsunami?

Answer 3

Indian Ocean tsunami 2004
Tahoku 2011

Question 4

What is an example of lava flows as a primary hazard of volcanoes?

Answer 4

1973 heimaey island eruption
Divergent boundary therefore basaltic lava flow threatened to destroy harbour
Use of water to redirect flow = modifying the event

Question 5

What is an example of pyroclastic flows? (Primary)

Answer 5

Must know = pyroastic flows can travel at 700km/hour and can be 600 degrees c
E.G. Montserrat eruption 1995
19 deaths

Question 6

What is an example of tephra/ ash fall? (Primary)

Answer 6

Pinnatubo 1991 24km high ash cloud covered area of 4200km squared
300 deaths from building collapse

Question 7

What is an example of gas eruptions?

Answer 7

Must know CO2 is denser than surrounding air therefore sinks into valleys
1986 lake Nyos Cameroon 1700 people died
3500 livestock died

Question 8

What is an example of a lahar? (Secondary volcanic hazard)

Answer 8

Key= eruption can increase rainfall intensity by increasing the no of condensation nuclei in the air
Example = 3 months after pinnatubo eruption typhoon yunga remibilised ash — destruction of 42% of rice growing crop land

Question 9

What is an example of a jakulhloup?

Answer 9

2010–Eyjafjallojokul led to flooding that extended 30 miles from volcanic vent