Temperature Flashcards
Topic 14 (15 cards)
Define temperature
a measure of average kinetic energy of particles in a body
Define heat
the total kinetic energy of all particles in the matter
Thermal energy is transferred from a region of ______ temperature to a region of ______ temperature.
higher, lower
Regions of equal temperature are said to be in …
thermal equilibrium
What property of a substance is needed to measure change in temperature?
any physical property that varies linearly with change in temperature
What are some examples of physical properties used to measure change in temperature? (4)
- density of a liquid
- volume of a gas at constant pressure
- resistance of a metal
- e.m.f. of a thermocouple
What key thing should you understand about the scale of thermodynamic temperature?
it does not depend on the property of any particular substance
What is the conversion equation between Kelvin (K) and degrees Celsius (°C)
T /K = θ /°C + 273.15
The lowest possible temperature is ____ kelvin on the thermodynamic temperature scale. It is known as ________ ____.
zero, absolute zero
Define specific heat capacity
the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1K (or 1°C) per unit mass of the substance
Equation for specific heat capacity
ΔQ = mc(Δθ)
change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x change in temperature
Define specific latent heat
the amount of energy required per kilogram of a substance to change the state of the substance without any change in temperature
What are the 2 types of specific latent heat?
- specific latent heat of fusion; melting (Lf)
- specific latent heat of vaporisation; boiling (Lv)
Which type of specific latent heat is larger and why?
Lv, because there is more separation of the particles and all the bonds need to be broken
Equation for specific latent heat
ΔQ = mL
thermal energy = mass x specific latent heat
