Temperature

Question 1

What is Absolute Temperature?

Answer 1

A temperature value relative to absolute zero

Question 2

What is absolute zero?

Answer 2

• When the particles of a substance have zero kinetic energy
• 0 K

Question 3

What is Kelvin?

Answer 3

The unit of absolute temperature

Question 4

What is specific latent heat capacity?

Answer 4

the amount of energy required to change the state of 1 kg of a substance without a change of temperature

Question 4

What is specific heat capacity?

Answer 4

The amount of substance required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 kelvin

Question 5

What is thermal equilibrium?

Answer 5

A stable state in which there is no thermal heat transfer between two regions

Question 6

Fill in the blanks:
‘Heat flows from regions of ____ temperature to regions of ____ temperature.’

Answer 6

• higher
• lower

Question 7

Describe a system in thermal equilibrium

Answer 7

• In a system in thermal equilibrium:
• no heat transfer occurs within the system or between the system and those adjacent
• The implication is therefore that the system is isolated and has a constant internal temperature.

Question 8

Give examples of some physical properties that vary with temperature

Answer 8

• Density of a liquid
• Volume of a gas ( at constant pressure)
• The resistance of an electrical conductor

Question 8

How do you convert Celsius to Kelvin?

Answer 8

• Add 273(.15)
• e.g. 10 C = ~283 K

Question 9

Why is the absolute scale (kelvin scale) used?

Answer 9

• it doesn’t arbitrarily depend on the properties of a given substance (e.g. water’s melting and boiling point for the celsius scale)
• 0 K (absolute zero) means that the particles have no internal energy

Question 10

What is meant by the specific heat capacity of a substance?

Answer 10

• the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 C
• unit: Jkg^-1K^-1

Question 11

Define specific latent heat of a substance

Answer 11

• The heat energy required to change the state of 1 kg of a substance, without changing its temperature

Question 12

What is the difference between the specific latent heat of fusion and the specific latent heat of vaporisation?

Answer 12

The latent heat of fusion refers to the transition from a solid to a liquid state, where the latent heat of vapourisation refers to the transition from a liquid to a gaseous state