Temperature and Matter

Question 1

Name of system wall that prevents exchange of heat?

Answer 1

Adiabatic

Question 2

Name of system that has not external exchange of energy or particles?

Answer 2

Microcanical ensemble

Question 3

Name of system that allows external heat but not particle transfer?

Answer 3

Canonical ensemble

Question 4

Name of system wall that allows external heat but not particle transfer?

Answer 4

Diathermal

Question 5

Name of system with external heat and particle exchange?

Answer 5

Grand canonical ensemble

Question 6

Example of intensive variables?

Answer 6

Pressure, density, temperature and applied magnetic field.

Question 7

Examples of extensive variables?

Answer 7

Volume, total mass, number of particles

Question 8

Ideal gas law?

Answer 8

PV=nRT
Or
PV=NkT

Question 9

What is the Zeroth Law of thermodynamics?

Answer 9

If A and B are in thermal equilibrium; and, B and C are in thermal equilibrium, then A and C are in thermal equilibrium.

Question 10

What does the Zeroth Law of thermodynamics imply about temperature?

Answer 10

It’s a universal quantity

Question 11

What is 0 Kelvin in degrees?

Answer 11

-273.15 degrees

Question 12

What is the triple point of water?

Answer 12

The point at which water can exist in all three states of matter - 273.16 Kelvin

Question 13

Give an example of a state variable.

Answer 13

Pressure, density, temperature or volume.

Question 14

What variables need to be known to fully describe any fluid?

Answer 14

Any two of pressure, density and temperature.

Question 15

What’s the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 15

The change of the internal energy of a system equals the heat transferred to the system plus the work done on the system.

Question 16

How can the work done on a system be found from a P-V diagram?

Answer 16

Area under the graph.

Question 17

What’s an isohoric change?

Answer 17

A change with constant volume.

Question 18

What’s the work done on the system in an isohoric change? What does the the change in internal energy equal for an isohoric change?

Answer 18

0. 🔺U=Q.

Question 19

What’s an adiabatic change?

Answer 19

A change that involves no heat transfer. Q=0.

Question 20

What is the change in internal energy in an adiabatic change?

Answer 20

🔺U=W

Question 21

What’s an isothermal change?

Answer 21

A change where the temperature of the system remains constant.

Question 22

What is the relationship between pressure an volume in an isothermal change?

Answer 22

P is proportional to 1/V

Question 23

What is a reversible process?

Answer 23

A process which may be reversed by an infinitesimal change in the external conditions.
dU=dQ-PdV

Question 24

For an ideal gas how does the heat capacity vary with temperature?

Answer 24

It doesn’t it’s constant

Question 25

For an ideal gas how does the internal energy relate to the temperature?

Answer 25

U is proportional to T