Temperature & Energy Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is energy transfer?
The process of energy moving from one system or object to another.
Define thermal equilibrium.
A state in which two bodies in contact no longer exchange energy because they are at the same temperature.
True or False: In thermal equilibrium, energy transfer occurs between two bodies.
False
What is the independent variable in an energy transfer experiment?
The variable that is changed or controlled to test its effects on the dependent variable.
What is the dependent variable in an energy transfer experiment?
The variable that is measured or observed in response to changes in the independent variable.
Fill in the blank: Energy dissipation refers to the process of energy being transformed into _______.
heat
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
What happens to energy in a closed system?
The total energy remains constant, but it can change forms.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of energy dissipation? A) Heating a metal rod B) Energy stored in a battery C) A spring compressing
A) Heating a metal rod
What is conduction?
The transfer of heat through direct contact between materials.
What is convection?
The transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
What is radiation?
The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves.
True or False: Insulators are materials that allow energy to transfer easily.
False
What is an example of an insulator?
Rubber, glass, or wood.
Fill in the blank: The process by which energy is lost to the surroundings is known as _______.
energy dissipation
What is thermal conductivity?
A measure of a material’s ability to conduct heat.
Multiple choice: Which material has the highest thermal conductivity? A) Wood B) Copper C) Plastic
B) Copper
What does it mean for a system to be in thermal equilibrium?
It means that there is no net flow of thermal energy between components of the system.
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.
True or False: A higher specific heat capacity means a substance heats up quickly.
False
What is the formula for calculating energy transfer?
Q = mcΔT, where Q is the energy transferred, m is mass, c is specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
What role does temperature play in energy transfer?
Temperature differences drive the flow of thermal energy from hotter to cooler areas.
Fill in the blank: Energy transfer can occur through ______, convection, and radiation.
conduction
What is the relationship between energy dissipation and efficiency?
Higher energy dissipation typically results in lower efficiency in energy use.
