Tendon injuries

Question 1

What type of bone is the patella?

Answer 1

Sesamoid

Question 2

How does the tendons insert into the bone?

Answer 2

Sharpey’s fibres

Question 3

Muscle into tendon how?

Answer 3

Gradually… Like the tendon is part of the muscle and the muscle is part of the tendon (composite)

Question 4

What makes up a tendon structalluy? What is the coverings etc?

Answer 4

Logatudinally arranged Tenocytes and tyep 1 collagen

Form collagen bundles, fascicles and tendon covered by endotenon, paratenon and epitneon respectivly

Question 5

Blood supply of the tendons?

Answer 5

paratenon is vascular and it is carried to the tendon via vinculum

Question 6

What are the pulleys in the fingers? What do they do?

Answer 6

Hold down the flexor tendon down on to the bone.

A1 pulley = trigger finger

Question 7

What is :
Enthesiopathy with eg
Tration apophysitis
Avulsion eg
the types of tears

Answer 7

Enthesiopathy: Inflammation of the insertion. Entheses = bone attchments, so inflammation of the bone attachements.
EG tennis elbow (lat. condyle) Likewise can happen with ligaments (eg plantar fasciitis)

Tration apophysitis -> tendon pulls on epyphyseal plate and causes pain. Shouldn’t stop sport, but just keep going if they can deal with the pain. Eg patella insrtion into the ant. tibial tuberosity -> Osgood schlatter’s disease

Avulsion: from Ab vallere meaning to pluck. Can also think A (without) vulsion like emulsion (together) SO failure at the insertion. (so tendon pops off. May or may not include bone. Conservative treatment most liklely in the finger. EG Mallet finger.

Tears:
-Intrasubstance eg achilles

Question 8

Where is a key place for degenaration adn what might you find?q

Answer 8

Achilles.

Can be hot and swollen. May just find it a lot weaker. It makes it prone to snapping.

Question 9

What is de Quervains stenosing tenovaginitis? What test will be positive?

Answer 9

Irritation from the tendons rubbing against the common sheath at the radial aspect in the wrist.

Positive Finklesteins test.

Question 10

Achilles tendon rupture moa?N How can you test achilles rupture?

Answer 10

Sprinters/squash players etc, flexed ready position and then starting sprint through extension of the leg. (pushing off forefoot)

Will find when lying prone that the heel doesn’t pop up like usual ( (there won’t be any plantar flexion).

Also lying prone, then if gastocnemius if squeezed foot in health will plantar flex.

Mostly treated consercitivly

Question 11

What do we do with laceration injuries?

Answer 11

Usually of the hand and we want to catch them early so we can try to connect the ends. Otherwise the tendon might restract.