Tensions pre 1945 Flashcards
(4 cards)
1)Long term
Russian civil war
March 1917 Russian revolution
Civil war 1918 -1922
5million die
359uk solders 279 USA soldiers die
West send detachments to port Arthur and port archangel
Russian polish war – January 5th 1920
700000 Poles invade Russia - Ussr forced to concede territory in Ukraine and Belarus march 18th 1921 treaty riga, 52000km
Western involvement – French send tanks
Soviet foreign policy 1933-1939
New cities built from scratch
20 million killed in expansion
Repossession of Ukrainian farms – 8 million die in Famine 1934-1938
Stalin’s brutality grows – kills 81of103 military admirals, and key opposition such as Leon Trotsky [1940] and Sergei Kirov [1934], frequent show trials
– Tensions as witnessed by Us diplomats George Kennan and William Bluiett – Long telegram - February 22, 1946
Soviet actions in war
Nazi soviet pact —August 23, 1939
Invaded Poland Sep 15th 1939. 22000 killed may 1940
Finland nov 30th 1939 Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania before Nazi Germany invaded the USSR in 1941
Warsaw uprising in August of 1944 — July 13th 1944 – enter Poland, July 24Th plan uprising over Nazis over radio with PHA — August 1st 1944 – they bail out – leaves 200000 to die 150000 sent to concentration camps
USA actions in the war
2nd Moscow cofrence – 12th august 1942 – refuse to open and 2nd front in cherbourgh france
Lasts over 3 and ½ hrs – tensions rise – stalin wants to relase suffering on soviet fronts – suggest taking back british virgin islands
Tension as ; fighting worse on soviet fron , 25million killed vs 7million from uk/usa — stalin feels west are intentionally weakening ussr
Lend lease act - March 11, 1941 – provides 11billion to ussr vs 31 billion to uK throughout war
Tension as – ussr need money more, stalingard invasion is detrimential – 22nd June 1941 – 8000000 Killed, 6 million captured and wounded
Confrences
Tehran conference
28th November of 1943
Agree ussr can have large parts of Poland
Uk/us will invade France in May of 1944 not the balklands – so ussr can liberate eastern Europe
Tension – ussr feel invasion is being delayed to weaken them
Yalta conference
February 4–11, 1945
Agree: Germany divided into 4 zones
Disagree: Misunderstandings on ‘sphere of influence’ and plans for eastern European/ German ‘elections, ‘ two very different meanings ideologically
Disagree: soviet expansion. Compromise ad soviets gain polish territory east of Curzon line. Germany loses territory to Poland to compensate.
Potsdam conference
17 July to August 2, 1945
Agree; Germany de militarized and de Nazified [Nuremburg trails nov 1945- oct 1946] , Germany split into 4 zones with berlin
Disagree: reparations, reach compromise with of taking from own zone, takes 10million 1945-1949
Disagree: how Germany will be run. West want Acc government, but USSR feel they will be outvoted. Established with little power.
