term 1

Question 1

What are the four main classes of biological macromolecules?

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Question 2

True or False: Proteins are made up of amino acids.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The primary energy source for the body is __________.

Answer 3

glucose.

Question 4

What is the role of enzymes in biological processes?

Answer 4

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

Question 5

Which vitamin is primarily associated with vision?

Answer 5

Vitamin A.

Question 6

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 6

The cell.

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which macromolecule is primarily used for long-term energy storage?

Answer 7

Lipids.

Question 8

True or False: All carbohydrates are sugars.

Answer 8

False.

Question 9

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Answer 9

Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: __________ are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 10

Amino acids.

Question 11

What is the most abundant lipid in cell membranes?

Answer 11

Phospholipids.

Question 12

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a simple carbohydrate?

Answer 12

Glucose.

Question 13

True or False: Minerals are organic compounds essential for life.

Answer 13

False.

Question 14

What are essential fatty acids?

Answer 14

Fatty acids that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: __________ are organic molecules that help regulate metabolism.

Answer 15

Vitamins.

Question 16

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Answer 16

To provide energy.

Question 17

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of proteins?

Answer 17

All of the above (catalyzing reactions, providing structure, transporting molecules).

Question 18

True or False: The human body can produce all vitamins it needs.

Answer 18

False.

Question 19

What is the primary role of water in human nutrition?

Answer 19

To serve as a solvent and to regulate body temperature.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: __________ are required in small amounts for various biochemical functions.

Answer 20

Trace minerals.

Question 21

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Answer 21

Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms; unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

Question 22

Multiple Choice: Which nutrient is most important for muscle repair?

Answer 22

Proteins.

Question 23

True or False: All fats are bad for health.

Answer 23

False.

Question 24

What is the process of breaking down food into simpler compounds called?

Answer 24

Digestion.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The __________ system is responsible for nutrient absorption.

Answer 25

digestive.

Question 26

What is a macronutrient?

Answer 26

Nutrients required in larger amounts, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Question 27

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a macronutrient?

Answer 27

Vitamins.

Question 28

True or False: Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that the body cannot digest.

Answer 28

True.

Question 29

What are the two main types of nucleic acids?

Answer 29

DNA and RNA.

Question 30

Fill in the blank: __________ are organic compounds that serve as enzymes.

Answer 30

Proteins.

Question 31

What is the role of antioxidants in nutrition?

Answer 31

To protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.

Question 32

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a source of complete protein?

Answer 32

Eggs.

Question 33

True or False: Carbohydrates can be classified as either simple or complex.

Answer 33

True.

Question 34

What is the primary function of dietary fiber?

Answer 34

To aid in digestion and promote regular bowel movements.

Question 35

Fill in the blank: __________ is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.

Answer 35

Photosynthesis.

Question 36

What are the three domains of life in biological classification?

Answer 36

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 37

They have a nucleus.

Question 38

True or False: Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

What is taxonomy?

Answer 39

The science of classifying and naming living organisms.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The scientific name of an organism is made up of its __________ and species.

Answer 40

genus.

Question 41

What is the primary function of classification in biology?

Answer 41

To organize and categorize living organisms based on shared characteristics.

Question 42

Multiple Choice: Which kingdom includes multicellular autotrophs?

Answer 42

Plantae.

Question 43

True or False: All members of the kingdom Animalia are heterotrophic.

Answer 43

True.

Question 44

What is a phylogenetic tree?

Answer 44

A diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Question 45

Fill in the blank: The __________ kingdom includes organisms that decompose organic material.

Answer 45

Fungi.