Term 1 Human Biology

Question 1

What is the organisation of the body?

Answer 1

Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems.

Question 2

Examples of cells;

Answer 2

Heart, Brain, Nerve.

Question 3

What are the four types of tissues?

Answer 3

Epithelial, muscular, connective, nervous.

Question 4

What are the four organ systems?

Answer 4

Nervous, Endocrine, Muscular-skeletal, Reproductive.

Question 5

What is the function of the Golgi body (apparatus)?

Answer 5

To package, modify and store proteins.

Question 6

What is the function of the nuclear membrane?

Answer 6

Allows Mona to move out of the nucleus.

Question 7

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 7

Controlling DNA production.

Question 8

What is the function of the Mitochondria?

Answer 8

Cellular respiration.

Question 9

What is the function of the vesicle?

Answer 9

Containing and transporting substances that are secreted.

Question 10

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 10

Controls what moves in and out of the cell.

Question 11

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 11

Fluid that holds cell organelles.

Question 12

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Answer 12

Produces vesicles.

Question 13

What is the function of the centrioles?

Answer 13

Sending out spindle fibres during cell reproduction.

Question 14

What is the function of the rough ER?

Answer 14

Moves proteins (packages of substances) around the cell.

Question 15

What is the phospholipid bilayer?

Answer 15

A double membrane consisting of a hydrophilic phosphate head, and hydrophobic fatty acid tails

Question 16

Define semi-permeable.

Answer 16

Allowing certain substances to pass through but not others.

Question 17

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 17

Cell

Question 18

True or False: All living organisms are composed of cells.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

What structure controls the movement of substances in and out of a cell?

Answer 19

Cell membrane

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The jelly-like substance inside a cell is called __________.

Answer 20

Cytoplasm

Question 21

What organelle is responsible for energy production in a cell?

Answer 21

Mitochondria

Question 22

Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?

Answer 22

Prokaryotic cell

Question 23

What is the function of ribosomes?

Answer 23

Protein synthesis

Question 24

True or False: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 25

Synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids

Question 26

What type of tissue connects and supports other tissues and organs?

Answer 26

Connective tissue

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 27

Nucleus

Question 28

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?

Answer 28

Protection, absorption, and secretion

Question 29

Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the walls of organs?

Answer 29

Smooth muscle

Question 30

True or False: Neurons are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What type of connective tissue stores fat?

Answer 31

Adipose tissue

Question 32

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 32

Modification and packaging of proteins

Question 33

Which type of epithelial tissue has a single layer of flat cells?

Answer 33

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 34

Fill in the blank: __________ tissue is specialized for contraction.

Answer 34

Muscle

Question 35

What is the role of lysosomes in a cell?

Answer 35

Digestion and waste removal

Question 36

Which type of connective tissue provides support and flexibility?

Answer 36

Cartilage

Question 37

True or False: Blood is considered a type of connective tissue.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What is the primary role of the plasma membrane?

Answer 38

Regulate the entry and exit of substances

Question 39

What type of epithelium appears to have multiple layers but is actually a single layer?

Answer 39

Pseudostratified epithelium

Question 40

Fill in the blank: The __________ is involved in the synthesis of ribosomal RNA.

Answer 40

Nucleolus

Question 41

What are the two main types of cells in nervous tissue?

Answer 41

Neurons and glial cells

Question 42

Which type of connective tissue forms the framework of the body?

Answer 42

Bone

Question 43

True or False: Cilia and flagella are types of cell appendages used for movement.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

What is the function of tight junctions in epithelial tissue?

Answer 44

Prevent leakage of materials between cells

Question 45

Fill in the blank: __________ muscle is striated and under voluntary control.

Answer 45

Skeletal

Question 46

What is the main function of adipose tissue?

Answer 46

Energy storage and insulation

Question 47

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?

Answer 47

Mitochondria

Question 48

What type of epithelial tissue is specialized for absorption in the intestines?

Answer 48

Simple columnar epithelium

Question 49

Fill in the blank: __________ are the basic structural and functional units of tissues.

Answer 49

Cells

Question 50

What is the primary function of connective tissue?

Answer 50

Support and bind other tissues

Question 51

True or False: All cells in an organism have the same structure and function.

Answer 51

False