Term 1 Test

Question 1

What is the first step in the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?

Answer 1

Requirements Definition: Identify user needs and system requirements.

Question 2

What does determining specifications involve in the SDLC?

Answer 2

Define software functionalities, constraints, and performance needs.

Question 3

What is involved in the design phase of the SDLC?

Answer 3

Plan architecture, including algorithms, data structures, and UI.

Question 4

What is the development phase of the SDLC?

Answer 4

Write code using programming paradigms (object-oriented, imperative, logic-based, functional).

Question 5

What does integration refer to in the SDLC?

Answer 5

Combine modules into a complete system.

Question 6

What is the purpose of testing and debugging in the SDLC?

Answer 6

Identify and fix errors using techniques like unit testing and debugging tools.

Question 7

What happens during the installation and deployment phase of the SDLC?

Answer 7

Release the software for end-users.

Question 8

What does maintenance entail in the SDLC?

Answer 8

Provide updates, bug fixes, and enhancements.

Question 9

What is Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?

Answer 9

Uses objects and classes (e.g., Python, Java, C++).

Question 10

What characterizes imperative programming?

Answer 10

Executes step-by-step instructions (e.g., C, Python).

Question 11

What does logic programming use?

Answer 11

Uses facts, rules, and queries (e.g., Prolog).

Question 12

What is functional programming focused on?

Answer 12

Focuses on functions without changing state (e.g., Haskell, Lisp).

Question 13

What is a single-dimensional array?

Answer 13

Stores linear data (e.g., lists of names).

Question 14

What do multi-dimensional arrays store?

Answer 14

Store tabular data (e.g., matrices, images).

Question 15

What are linked lists?

Answer 15

Nodes contain data and pointers to next elements.

Question 16

What is a characteristic of dynamic lists?

Answer 16

Expand and contract dynamically.

Question 17

What defines a binary tree?

Answer 17

Each node has at most two children.

Question 18

What are balanced trees used for?

Answer 18

Ensure efficient search and retrieval (e.g., AVL trees).

Question 19

What does LIFO stand for in the context of stacks?

Answer 19

Last In, First Out.

Question 20

What do hash tables use to allow fast lookups?

Answer 20

Key-value pairs using hash functions.

Question 21

What is the binary number system?

Answer 21

Base 2: Used in computer processing (0s and 1s).

Question 22

What does the decimal number system represent?

Answer 22

Base 10: Standard human number system.

Question 23

What is hexadecimal used for?

Answer 23

Base 16: Used in memory addressing (e.g., color codes: #FF5733).

Question 24

What is Two’s Complement Representation used for?

Answer 24

To represent negative integers in binary.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The sequence of executing instructions in order is called _______.

Answer 25

Sequence

Question 26

What does selection involve in computational thinking?

Answer 26

Decision-making using if-else statements.

Question 27

What is iteration in computational thinking?

Answer 27

Repeating actions using loops (for, while).

Question 28

What is the purpose of identifying data to store?

Answer 28

Choosing appropriate data types and structures to optimize efficiency.

Question 29

What do structure charts represent?

Answer 29

System components and interactions.

Question 30

What is abstraction in software engineering?

Answer 30

Simplifies complex problems by focusing on relevant details.

Question 31

What do refinement diagrams break down?

Answer 31

Large tasks into smaller components (top-down and bottom-up design).

Question 32

List standard data types.

Answer 32

* Integer * Float * Boolean * String * Character * Arrays

Question 33

What does a data dictionary describe?

Answer 33

Data attributes, relationships, and constraints.

Question 34

What are Version Control Systems (VCS)?

Answer 34

Git, GitHub, GitLab for managing code changes.

Question 35

What are cloud-based IDEs used for?

Answer 35

Real-time collaboration (e.g., Replit, VS Code Live Share).

Question 36

What is issue tracking in project management?

Answer 36

Tools like Jira, Trello for managing project tasks.