Term 1 | Week 4 Test Flashcards
Know all the terms, and diagrams (29 cards)
What is a Group?
A column in the periodic table
What is a Period?
A row in the periodic table
What is Electron Configuration?
Where the electrons are in an atom, and how many are in each shell. (2.8.8 for first 3 shells)
What is a Neutral Atom?
An atom with an equal number of protons and electrons
What are Valence Electrons
Electrons found in the outer shell.
What’s a Cation?
A positively charged atom. (More Protons than electrons.)
What is an Anion?
A negatively charged atom. (More electrons than protons)
What is Electromagnetic Attraction?
Two oppositely charged atoms, (cation and an anion) are attracted to one another. (forms an ionic bond)
What is atomic radius
How far the Valence shell is from the nucleus. (The further away, the more reactive.)
What is an Ionic Bond?
A chemical bond, that transfers electrons from one atom to another, usually between a non-metal and a metal, that is when a metal atom loses electrons to become a cation, and a non-metal atom gains electrons to become anions, and they stay together because they are electromagnetically attracted to one another.
What is a Covalent Bond?
A chemical bond between two non-metals. Instead of transferring electrons, two or more, elements can share valence electrons, which then completes both their valence shells. (outer shell)
What is a Metallic Bond?
A chemical bond between two Metals. All the atoms become positively charged, and a cloud of the negative charges travels between them, keeping them all together.
What is a substance made up of two or more types of atom called?
Compound
What is an Ion?
An atom with a net charge
A shiny, malleable element that conducts heat and electricity.
Metal
What is a non-metal?
A dull, brittle element that does not conduct heat or electricity.
Why are noble gases non-reactive?
It is non-reactive due to it’s full valence shell. (Found in Group 18)
What does delocalized mean?
It means the Valence Electrons can move freely in between atoms. (Metallic Bond)
Who was Fritz Haber?
Before the war, he was the inventor of mass production chemical fertilizer, and he went on to create poisonous gases, like Chlorine, to help Germany end the war quicker. His wife killed herself after finding out he used his knowledge of science to create poisonous gas to mass kill Germany’s enemies.
What is atomic mass?
The weight of protons and neutrons combined, since both are equivalent to 1. (Not electrons because they are too light to register)
What are Alkali Metals?
Highly reactive elements on the periodic table. (Found in Group 1)
What is Periodicity?
Repeating Patterns in the Periodic Table
Why did Fritz Haber’s wife kill herself?
Because she called his creation of Chlorine Gas a ‘perversion’ of Science. She believed it was ethically/morally wrong for this gas to be created.
What was Fritz Haber’s invention that he created for Germany in the war?
Chlorine Gas. (Poisonous Gas)
