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Med Surg Quiz#2 Part2 > Term 3 > Flashcards

Term 3 Flashcards

0
Q

What does a tension headache involve ?

A

Muscles

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1
Q

What does a migrane headache involve ?

A

Blood vessels

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2
Q

What are patients with tension headache asked to do by the doctors ?

A

Keep a headache diary

Relaxation techniques

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3
Q

What is a spinal shock ?

A

Flaccid paralysis & lack of sensation

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4
Q

What is the cause of autonomic dysreflexia ?

A

Distended bladder
Bladder infection
Impactions

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5
Q

What are the key signs and symptoms of dysreflexia ?

A 
Blurred vision 
Goose bumps 
Nasal stiffness  
Severe headache 
Severe hypertension
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6
Q

What is paraplegia ?

A

Paralysis of 2 or half the extremities /lower extremities

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7
Q

What is quadriplegia ?

A

Paralysis of all 4 extremities

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8
Q

What is the care for patients with halo/ tong traction ? (Skeletal traction )

A

Clean the pins with Benadine or hydrogen peroxide

- do not adjust

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9
Q

If a patient can move their head in a traction , what needs to be done ?

A

It needs to be adjusted

Neck and head should be held rigid

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10
Q

When a patient have cervical injury of the spine , what is their a risk for ?

A

Respiratory arrest

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11
Q

When a patient is having pain , that has a halo traction , what is done ?

A

Doc orders analgesic
Goes away within a couple day
Temporary

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12
Q

When a patient has cervical injury c1-c7 what are the concerns ?

A

Respiratory failure

Temporary support ventilator may be needed (breathing machine )

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13
Q

What kind of place do patients with migrane headache need to be in ?

A

A dark quite cool warm room

Be lefted alone

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14
Q

What do you what to do for a patient that has spinal injury , where in jury is suspected ?

A
  • Immobilize the victim avoid turning -avoid turning the patient head
  • wait for professional help
  • avoid flexion or rotation of the spinal cord
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15
Q

What is the care for a seizure patient during seizure activity ?

A
  • Turn the patient to the side
  • stay with the patient
  • side rails up if in bed
  • Observe the patient/ how long it last
  • pillow or blanket on head
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16
Q

What sound do you listen for when a patient is having a seizure ?

A

Crowing or gruggling noise

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17
Q

What is the post-ictal period ? (After care )

A 
Incontinent 
No driving 
Confused 
Sleepy 
Don't know what happen
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18
Q

After seizure what position do you want to keep the patient incase of another seizure ?

A

Sitting or lying

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19
Q

What is a aura ?

A 
A precursor for seizure activity 
Flashing light 
Taste (metallic  ) 
Sounds 
Smell
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20
Q

When a patient has spinal injury , the higher it is, what do you need to watch for ?

A

Crackles in the lung

Difficulty breathing

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21
Q

What does crackles in the lung and difficulty breathing indicate for a patient with spinal injury ?

A

Increase peristalsis

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22
Q

What is receptive aphasia ?

A
  • Difficulty understanding what’s being said to you
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23
Q

What is expressive aphasia ?

A

Not able to express themselves by reading or speaking

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24
Q

What is homonymous hemianopsia ?

A

Pieces of lost visual field

Pt is thought to scan the vision (turn head to get a full view )

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25
Q

If your feeding a patient with dysphasia (difficulty swallowing ) what position do you want them in ?

A

45 degree

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26
Q

What position should the patient be in with dysphasia after eating and for how long ?

A

45 degree angle

For 1hr to prevent aspiration

27
Q

If a client has spinal cord injury & complains of severe headache maybe experiencing ?

A

Autonomic dysreflexia

28
Q

What are the late signs of ICP ?

A

Elevated temp
Elevated b/p
Decrease pulse
Decrease respiration

29
Q

Why is their a elevated temp with ICP ?

A

Because when ICP occur it’s pushes down on the hypothalamus & medulla oblongata

30
Q

What does the medulla oblongata do?

A

Regular v/s

31
Q

What does the hypothalamus do ?

A

Regular body temp

32
Q

What is normal on the gaslow coma scale ?

A

15 normal

3 worst

33
Q

What clients are at risk for ICP ?

A

Patient that had brain surgery
Brain tumor
High tempreature & headache

34
Q

What are signs of meningitis & ensephalitis ?

A

Headache & high temp

35
Q

What are signs of decrease LOC ?

A

Confused
Slurred speech
Restlessness
Not able to describe who they are , where they are , why you are where you are

36
Q

What is epidural hematoma ? (Red)

A
  • Arterial
  • the talk and drop; person gets a head injury, loss of consciousness, recovers, seems with it entirely and then suddenly goes bad real fast
37
Q

What can leakage of fluid from the nose or ear indicate ?

A

ICP & internal damage

38
Q

What is multiple sclerosis ?

A

-A chronic, progressive disease of the brain and spinal cord

39
Q

What is parkinson ?

A

Chronic degenerative

40
Q

What are the key signs of Parkinson’s disease ?

A 
Shuffling gate 
Tremors 
Pill rolling 
Muscle rigidity 
Lost of balance ( risk for falls
41
Q

What trigger trigeminal neuralgia ? (Sensory )

A

Extremes of hot and cold

42
Q

What kind of food do patients with trigeminal neuralgia should have ?

A

Room temp food & liquid room temp

43
Q

What kind of water do the for facial and mouth was should the trigeminal patient use ?

A

Room temp
Luke warm room temp mouth wash
Toothets
Liquid diet or soft food

44
Q

What is Bell’s palsy ? (Motor )

A

Resembles a stroke
Half of the face is droop
Client had dry eyes

45
Q

What do you give a patient with Bell’s palsy for dry eyes ?

A

Artificial tears

Eye drop

46
Q

When a patient has meningitis what kind of meds do given ?

A

Antibiotics

47
Q

Where do patients with meningitis need to be placed ?

A

Isolation for 24hrs

48
Q

What side do a patient with Bell’s palsy eat on ?

A

Chew on the unaffected side

49
Q

What are some intervention for patients on Bell’s palsy ?

A

Dark glasses
Soft diet
Alternate communication

50
Q

What is the cause of Parkinson’s disease ?

A

Insufficient dopamine

51
Q

What is the first sign of Parkinson’s disease ?

A

Tremors (occur at rest )

52
Q

How is Parkinson’s decreased ?

A

By purposeful movement

Holding on to something tight

53
Q

What is Alzheimer’s disease ?

A
  • Microscopic brain changes

- Start to loose pieces of the brain

54
Q

What are plaques and tangles of Alzheimer’s disease ?

A

Proteins
Plaques - build up between neuron
Tangles - forms within neurons

55
Q

What nerve does Bell’s palsy affect ? O

A

7th cranial nerve ( motor )

-loss of ability to move muscle on one side of the face

56
Q

What nerve does trigeminal neuralgia affect ?

A

5th cranial nerve (sensory )

Cause disability or recurring attack on the nerve

57
Q

How do patients with multiple sclerosis feel and what do they develop on their body ?

A

Small patches of demyelination

Result in muscle weakness

58
Q

What kind of activities do patients with MS has to do ?

A

Activity with rest periods

59
Q

Patients with multiple sclerosis has to avoid what ?

A

Extreme temp

60
Q

How do patients with Parkinson’s disease walk ?

A

• patient has a bent position and walks in short, shuffling gait steps

61
Q

What kind of nutrition you want to give to Alzheimer’s patient

A

High carbs & protein

62
Q

What kind of food is best to give Alzheimer’s patient , because they often forget to eat ?

A

Give pt. finger foods which are foods that can be eaten holding them and some cases a half of sandwich.

63
Q

What are other signs an symptoms of meningitis ?

A

High fever and stiff neck
• Patient may experience photophobia (light sensitivity).
• Petechiae on the skin and mucous membranes
• Nuchal rigidity (pain and stiffness when the neck is moved) is caused by spasm of the extensor muscles of the neck

64
Q

What is Subdural hematoma ? venous (slow formation

A

can be just as bad, it’s very insipidus, creeps up on you, pts who have had suspected subdural hematomas or any type of head injuries, the pt teaching involves telling the family to make sure they don’t leave pt. alone to fall asleep,

Med Surg Quiz#2 Part2 (1 decks)

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