Term 3 Exam Flashcards

(101 cards)

1
Q

What are the technological developments most associated with the Information Revolution?

A

The microchip

Other options include the jet airplane, spreadsheets and email, and container ships.

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2
Q

With what issue is first-wave feminism most strongly associated?

A

Women’s suffrage

Other options include women’s education and equality in the classroom, equal opportunity for women in the workplace, and women’s reproductive rights.

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3
Q

What theoretical perspective considers the broader social effects of the division of labor between men and women in the household?

A

Conflict theory

Other options include symbolic interactionism, queer theory, and structural functionalism.

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4
Q

At what age do babies become aware of their own gender?

A

By age two.

Other options include when they begin attending school, at six weeks of age, and when they start walking.

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5
Q

What is an advantage of school vouchers often cited by supporters?

A

Vouchers give parents more choices in their children’s education.

Other options include providing more funding for public schools, better pay for teachers, and creating more specialized schools.

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6
Q

What is the most consistent factor involved in forming relationships and selecting mates?

A

The tendency to choose mates who are similar in class, race, ethnicity, and age.

Other options include personal chemistry, unique individual characteristics, and the desire for a radically different background.

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7
Q

What are the two complementary roles identified by functionalist Talcott Parsons within the family?

A

Instrumental and expressive

Other options include conflicting and conciliatory, interactionist and non-interactionist, and biological and social.

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8
Q

What is the unpaid labor inside the home expected of women after working at paid labor called?

A

The second shift

Other options include expressive tasks, the work of families, and gender socialization.

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9
Q

Patriarchy can be defined as a society

A

in which men dominate women.

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10
Q

Today, who do average Americans think of when they think of their families?

A

A brother and sister

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11
Q

Which of the following is an example of how teachers treat boys and girls differently in a classroom setting?

A

Boys are more likely than girls to be punished for misbehaving.

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12
Q

Which of the following terms is used for a person who states a voting rights, either temporarily or permanently?

A

Disenfranchised.

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13
Q

According to Max Weber, what did Protestant values contribute to?

A

The rise of capitalism.

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14
Q

What was a macro-level social change that resulted in innovations in farming such as mechanized, seeds spreaders, and new techniques of crop rotation ?

A

Agricultural Revolution.

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15
Q

What is an example of a primary sex characteristic?

A

Reproductive organs.

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16
Q

What is it called when media uses gender-inappropriate names or pronouns for transgender people?

A

A microaggression.

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17
Q

Family friends who are referred to as ‘Aunt’ or ‘Uncle’ are examples of

A

c. fictive kin.

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18
Q

Which of the following groups argues that men suffer discrimination due to feminism?

A

b. the men’s rights movement.

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19
Q

What is the meaning of propinquity?

A

d. It is the tendency to partner with people who live close by.

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20
Q

A society that separates church and state is a(n)

A

a. secular society.

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21
Q

A benefit of telecommuting is that

A

c. businesses see increased productivity and workers take fewer sick days.

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22
Q

What is one common reason why victims of domestic abuse stay in abusive relationships?

A

c. They do not have the resources to get away.

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23
Q

Which of the following is a strategy that some middle- and upper-class women have used to balance the demands of work and home?

A

a. hiring other women to do domestic work.

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24
Q

Who does the family influence as an agent of socialization?

A

b. everyone.

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25
________ are high-profile individuals who interpret political information and influence the voting habits of the public.
b. Opinion leaders.
26
Why would a company outsource or contract out labor it might otherwise employ its own staff to perform?
b. It is cheaper.
27
A person is most likely to be murdered by
a. a family member.
28
What change caused people to migrate to cities from rural areas at high rates?
a. switch to a manufacturing economy.
29
What are unmarried adults who are romantically involved and live together under the same roof participating in?
a. cohabitation.
30
A transgender woman, a person who does not identify as male or female, and a person who usually identifies as a man but sometimes identifies as a woman are all
b. gender nonconforming.
31
There are strategies available to help ease the burden of the second shift, but they are mainly available to
d. wealthier families.
32
sociologists refer to the methods and tactics used to influence government policies, policy-related attitudes, and activities as?
d. politics.
33
In which year did the Industrial Revolution begin in England with the invention of the steam engine?
1769.
34
When did the Industrial Revolution begin?
1700s.
35
Which sociologist conducted work on intersectionality among workers in nail salons?
Milann Kang.
36
In sociology, what does authority refer to?
legitimate right to wield power.
37
What trend did demographers notice in the numbers of unwed individuals living with their romantic partners between 1960 and 2014?
a sharp increase.
38
What are short sentences or phrases on a political subject, designed to be catchy and memorable?
sound bites.
39
What suspicion might arise if a child never seems to have clean clothing and is very skinny?
neglect.
40
Who is more likely to return home after a full day of paid labor and put in a “second shift” take care of the home and children?
Women
41
What term do sociologists use to describe the extra unpaid labor women do at home after a full day's work?
This is referred to as the second shift.
42
What are charter schools?
Charter schools are public schools that are run by private entities.
43
What is a characteristic of institutions that allow high school students to simultaneously enroll in college classes?
These institutions enable students to earn a high school diploma and two years of credit toward a bachelor's degree.
44
Why do the authors of your textbook reject definitions of family that depend on particular types of people?
They want the definition to be broad enough to encompass a variety of living arrangements.
45
What does Arlie Hochschild call mothers who accept dual workloads without help?
Arlie Hochschild calls them Supermoms.
46
What is the central means by which modern society transmits knowledge, values, and expectations?
Education.
47
What is an association of workers who organize to improve their economic status called?
A union.
48
What laws prohibited the mixing of racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, or sexual contact?
Antimiscegenation laws.
49
What is a special interest group?
A special interest group is an organization formed expressly to raise and spend money in order to influence elected officials and public opinion.
50
By 2012, what percentage of families consisted of a married couple with a male breadwinner, a stay-at-home mom, and their children?
a. less than 25 percent b. 30 percent c. 35 percent d. more than 40 percent
51
A heterosexual couple raising their children in the same household is defined as a(n)
b. nuclear
52
The Industrial Revolution changed the common meaning of family because
d. it shifted the meaning from extended family to nuclear family.
53
Every presidential candidate nominated by a major political party in the United States has been, at least
a. cisgender
54
Regarding gender, structural functionalists generally believe that
a. some social roles are better suited to one gender than the other.
55
Advertising, engineering, marketing, product design, and web design are all examples of
Knowledge
56
In the system of government known as authoritarianism,
Ordinary citizens are denied representation by and control over their own government
57
The __________ helped to bring about the Industrial Revolution.
d. steam engine
58
The use of technologies such as crop rotation, irrigation, and mass production have led to an increase in
agribusiness.
59
Firms that purposely transcend national borders so that their products can be manufactured at sites all over the world are called
transnational corporations.
60
In a capitalist system, what do workers have available to sell?
their own labor.
61
Someone who is 'unchurched' would most likely describe themselves as
spiritual but not religious.
62
One of the primary principles of capitalism is
privatization of the means of production.
63
Large social and economic changes followed from the domestication of plants and animals and the gradually increasing efficiency of food production. What do scholars call this type of revolution?
agricultural.
64
For most sociologists, what is the difference between sex and gender?
Sex is biological; gender is social.
65
Which term is used to describe a person whose chromosomes or sex characteristics are neither exclusively male nor exclusively female?
intersex.
66
What are schools that blend high school and college called?
Early college high schools
67
Which sociological perspective is concerned with how gender is constructed and maintained in our everyday lives?
Symbolic interactionism
68
Women are more likely to be arrested than men for
Prostitution.
69
In terms of gendered health issues and life expectancy rates, what is viewed as 'the great equalizer'?
Smoking.
70
What is a sweatshop?
A workplace with poor working conditions, below-standard wages, and long hours.
71
An example of a secondary sex characteristic is?
Body hair.
72
Someone who works primarily with information and develops or uses knowledge in the workplace is called a(n)?
Knowledge worker.
73
The second-wave feminist movement was associated with the issue of?
Woman’s equal access to employment and education
74
Which of the following changes was associated with the Industrial Revolution?
c. a significant population boom
75
The phenomenon of women being more likely than men to live in poverty is called?
c. the feminization of poverty.
76
In what year did the first states in the United States begin legalizing same-sex marriages?
b. 2004
77
Why did Alfred Kinsey avoid asking the question, 'Do you identify as gay or straight?'
b. He believed that people were not exclusively either gay or straight and that those two binary classifications were too limiting.
78
What percentage of babies are born intersex?
b. 1.7 percent
79
What kind of task is calling a family member to wish them a happy birthday?
b. expressive
80
In the Hawaiian language, makuahine means both 'mother' and?
a. 'Aunt’
81
Who led campaigns to end child labor and increase workplace safety?
c. unions
82
What do schools, churches, and governments all have in common?
They are all social institutions.
83
When does gender role socialization begin?
Before birth.
84
What perspective do most sociologists argue regarding gender as a social construction?
A constructionist perspective.
85
What do monotheistic religions worship?
A single divine figure.
86
What classification is given to an employer that violates multiple federal or state labor laws?
Sweatshop.
87
Why are remarriage rates lower today than in the 1960s?
There has been an increase in cohabitation among unmarried couples
88
What is one of several reasons people live their lives unmarried?
The single lifestyle.
89
What do Disney films often portray their male heroes as Strong, aggressive, and competitive.
This is an example of hegemonic masculinity.
90
A same-sex couple holding hands or kissing in public may receive disapproving looks her even abusive comments from other people. This is an example of.
Homophobia
91
The cultural and economic changes that result from dramatic increases in international trade in exchange
Globalization
92
The physical and legal responsibility for every day, life and routines of children
Custody
93
The industrial revolution helps create a strong middle class
True
94
The deadliest Garmin industry accident in history took place on April 2013 in Bangladesh, where an unstable building collapse due to vibrations of machinery
True
95
App based gig work, undercuts the conventional low wage job market, which may make it harder for already vulnerable workers to get a paycheck.
True
96
The COVID-19 pandemic, highlighted the pre-existing inequalities and service work, well also exacerbating them
True
97
New plows and seed spreaders were made impossible because of the industrial revolution
False
98
The democratic government does not equally represent all citizens
True
99
Privileges an advantage that is earned by men due to their physical strength and stamina
False
100
Authoritarianism is defined as a government ruled by a king or queen
False
101
An individual individuals sex refers to the physical, behavioral, and personality characteristics considered normal while they’re gender relates to membership in a distinct biological category
False