term two: changing rights and freedoms Flashcards
(22 cards)
when was the united nations formed and what was their main goal?
end of ww2 (1945)
key goal: prevent war and ensure the well-being and safety of all people
australia’s role in the united nations?
active role in un charter (1945) - signed by dr herbet evatt
1946 - norman makin was the first australian to act as president of security council
1948 - dr evatt elected as president of general assembly
sections of the united nations?
general assembly
security council
economic and social council
international court of justice
secretariat
universal declaration of human rights?
landmark document containing 30 articles about basic human rights.
human rights are inalienable - they cannot be taken away from us
was the udhr held up in australia?
2 areas of australian life do not live up to the udhr:
white australia policy
treatment of atsi people
violations of the udhr?
discrimination at work due to race, gender, religion etc
war in ukraine
child labour by clothing manufacturers
closed door trials in china
rights?
principals or elements of freedom and peace that allow humans to exist in a safe and ethical world.
declaration of independence in america?
1776 (thomas jefferson)
‘all men are created equal’ + ‘have rights to life, liberty and pursuit of happiness’
only applies to white, christian, able and wealthy men
french revolution?
1789 - resulted in the declaration of the rights of man
when were women allowed to vote in:
new zealand?
australia?
us and britain?
1893
1902
1920
aboriginal rights in australia (what have aboriginals had taken away from them? are they seen as equal?)
did not recognise aboriginals rights to their native lands, and thus were not considered equal
government tried to assimilate them (stolen generations)
aboriginal activism/rights:
british settlements on aboriginal land?
british took more land without compensating for displaced people
- lost access to their sacred sites
- lost access to sources of food and water
- efforts stood little chance of success against armed police
aboriginal activism/rights:
policies of protection?
mid nineteenth century onwards:
segregated aboriginal people from society
- decided where they could work and controlled their wages
- limited their education
- took their children
- forbid them from practicing their own tradition
aboriginal activism/rights:
australian aborigines progressive association (aapa)?
1924 - fred maynard
inspired by the universal negro improvement association in america
goals:
- taking pride in their cultural identity
- fighting for their land rights
- recognition as citizens
- protecting their children
could not maintain support after 1927
aboriginal activism/rights:
policy of assimilation?
1937 - people who were not of full blood would conform to the attitudes, customs and beliefs of the white majority
aboriginal activism/rights:
day of mourning?
26 january 1938 - the 150th anniversary of british invasion
- protest march
- listened to speakers putting forward their views on key issues
- issued a manifesto describing their situation
aboriginal activism/rights:
was january 26 1938 a success?
no, but it did:
- get aboriginal people together and untied over one common cause
- make other australians consider whether january 26 was an appropriate day for a national celebration
basis of aboriginal tribes?
lived in communities guided by complex social and spiritual laws that guided every aspect of their life
tribes were based on well-ordered kinship systems and language groups
aboriginal rights after federation?
federation - 1/1/1901
not counted in census
excluded from voting
no pension
no military training
coloured bars
policies for aboriginals?
protection (pre-constitution)
assimilation (1901-1930)
integration (1940-1990)
self-determination (present day)
stolen generation?
many children were forcibly removed from their families to become ‘white’. these kids faced ongoing social and emotional difficulties due to this separation.
treatment of stolen generation children?
not allowed to use their traditional names or customs (punishment for those who did)
could not leave or marry without permission
protectors were legal owners of their wages
special schools
