Terminologies Flashcards
(111 cards)
1
Q
Nicole conti 1 came during rule of ????
A
He is a Italian ,
Came during Devraya 1
2
Q
Abdul Razzak ,an Arab came during ?
A
Came during Devraya2
3
Q
Domingo Poes….came during
A
He is a Portuguese traveller.
Came during Krishnadevaraya.
4
Q
Duarte barbosee ,another Portuguese came during ?
A
KD Raya
5
Q
Fernao Nuniz- an Italian came during which famous ruler ?
A
Kd raya.
6
Q
Veerabadraswami temple located at
A
Lepakshi
7
Q
Virulaksha temple located at ?
A
Pattadakal
8
Q
Nayakar system was an innovation of ?..
A
Vijayanagara samrajyam.
Amar nayakars …are military officers given land as salary..
They were Brahmins.
Inspired by iqta system of Delhi sultanate
9
Q
Kalyanmandaps in temples are there in which part of kingdom ?.
A
Vijayanagara empire
10
Q
Clash with Bahmani kingdom was over which 3 areas….?
A
Konkan coast.
Tungabadra Doab
Krishna Godavari doab
11
Q
Who are astapradhan. Of Shivaji ?…
A
Ashtapradhan
o
Council of Ministers, each minister directly responsible to Shivaji
a. Peshwa - finance and gen admin. Later PM
b. Sar-i-Naubar or Senapati
c. Amatya - Accountant General or Majumdar (in bengal => record
keeper)
d. Waqenavis - intelligence, posts
e. Sachiv - Correspondence
f. Sumanta - Master of Ceremonies
g. Nyayadish - Justice
h. Pandit rao - Charities and religious admin
12
Q
What are taxes under Maratha ?
A
- Chauth - military contribution paid to ward off attack of Marathas => on neighbouring territories
- Sardeshmukhi - additonal => on neighbouring territories where those areas are considered as hereditory
13
Q
Shivaji was trained under ?
A
Dadaji kondadev
14
Q
Who executed 9th Sikh guru Teg Bahadur ?.
A
Battle Of Samugarh-> Aurangzeb killed Dara Sikoh
- Used title - Alamgir
- Aka Zinda Pir (living Saint)
- Executed 9th Guru teg Bahadur
- Reimposed Jiziya
- Abolished Sati
15
Q
Who translated Gita into Persian ?…
A
Dara shikov .
He was killed in. Battle of samugarh..
16
Q
What was actual name of Mumtaz?…
A
Anjuman Bank begum.
17
Q
Who completely annexed Ahmednagar ?..
A
Shahjahan
18
Q
Who built Jama Masjid, Red Fort , Peacock Throne ?….
A
Shahjahan….
19
Q
Who shifted capital from Agra to shahjanabad,Delhi ?
A
Shahjahan
20
Q
Who was USTAD ISA ?
A
architect of Tazmahal
21
Q
Francois Bernie’s and Manucci are the travellers under whose rule ?….
A
Shahjahan
22
Q
Who killed Guru Arjan dev and friend of Akbar ,ABUL FAZAL….?
A
Jahangir .
Guru arjan dev was. A 5th guru.
dvisor)
o
16. Tulsidas lived in Akbar’s period Jehangir (1605-27)
1. Married Mehrunissa (Noor Mahal Noor Jahan)
23
Q
What was only achievements of Jahangir ?…
A
He annexed Mewar completely,
He permitted British to built factories at Surat and masulipatnam.
24
Q
Under whose reign ,,,,,Italian traveller PIETA VELLE ?
A
Under rule Jahangir …
25
Who introduced DU ASPA SI ASPA ?.
doubled the Sawar rank of Mansabdar without changing Zat…
By jahangir
26
Famous painters during Jahangir ?…
Ustad Mansurr, Abul Hassan - paintings
27
Who built Shalimar and Nishant .?
Shahjahan
28
Who translated Mahabharata into Persian ?
Abul Fazal.
Friend of Akbar
Part of Navratna of Akbar
29
Who are navratnas under Akbar ?..
Birbal, Todarmal, Tansen (composed Raga Rajdarbari in honour of
Akbar), Maharaja Maan Singh, Abul Fazl (Akbarnama, Ain-i-Akbari), Abul Faizi (translated Mahabharat into Persian - "Razam Namah / Razmanama") , Abdul Rahim Khan (son of Bairam Khan, Hindi poet), Mulla Do Pyaza & Fakir-Aziao-din (religious advisor)
30
What is Sui-Kul?…
Universal brotherhood concept by Akbar.
31
Who is Ralph Fitch ?..
Famous Englishman in akbars court …
32
Who created Ibadan khana?…
Akbar for religious discussions.
33
Who are called as Naqvi masabdar ….?..
Whenever a mansabdar was paid in cash …
| He was called as naqvi mansabdar.
34
What are 2 components of Mansabdar system ?…
Sawar and Zat
Sawars provide horses.
Zats…. It’s for official hierarchy
in this highest rank was 7000.
35
One Subha was divided into ….?
Subha
Sarkar
Parbhana
Mahal
36
Who introduced Progressive taxation during akbars rule ?
Raja todarmal.
Lands were classified into
37
Who built Fatehpur Sikri ?
Akbar.
new capital city near Agra; Buland Darwaza (gateway of
Fatehpur Sikri) -> in memory of capturing Gujarat
38
What is land revenue system under Akbar ?
```
10. Land Revenue System under Akbar (Todarmal)
o
o
3 types-
▪ Zabti System ▪ Ghalla-Bakshi ▪ Nasaq
Zabti System (most prevalent)
a. Land measured in bighas by(bamboo jarib system)
b. 4 categories of land-
▪ Polaj - land cultivated every year
▪ Parati-fallowfor1year
▪ Chachar-fallowfor2-3years
▪ Banjar - fallow for longer
o
equipments, animals etc
c. Dahsala System - 10 year assessment to calculate land revenue
d. Farmers could pay in cash or kind
e. Land revenue was "renumeration of soveriegnty", NOT rent
```
39
What is decree of Mazhar ?
decision of emperor is final in adjudication process
40
Who was hemu?
Hemu (Hem Chandra Vikramaditya) (Oct- Nov 1556)
1. Adviser of Islam Shah (son of Sher Shah Suri)
2. 1st Hindu emperor of Delhi in 350 years
3. Defeated akbar's forces in Oct => forces retreated => again battle (2nd
41
Who built city of shergarh?
Shershasuru
42
Who issued first rupiah and Dam ?
Shershah Suri.
First to Introduce Shariya Law for judicial purpose
6. Captured Chunar Fort, UP
43
Diwan I wizarat
Ariz
Rasalat
Insha…..? Are ministers under whose rule?
Shershasuri
44
Muqadama and patta /qabuliat introduced by ?
Shershah Suri .
Judicial Dept => Muqadma - to give justice to people
9. Patta/Qabuliyat => written agreement btw govt and peasant => landholding
and tax was finalised - brought peasant closer to state (discouraging Jagir
system)
10. 3 categories of land for tax (good, middle, bad)
45
Who abolished zamindari system and introduced new land revenue system?
Abolished Zamindari system
| => introduced New Land revenue system in India
46
What are the battles fought by Humayun and Shershasuri?
1530-40, 55-56)
1. Battles-
a. Battle of Chausa, 1539 (Bihar)- Humayun vs Sher Shah Suri
(afghan ruler) (suri won)
b. Battle of Kannauj, 1540 (UP) - Humayun vs Sher Shah Suri (suri
won)
c. Battle of Macchiwara , 1555 (Punjab) - Humayun vs Sikandar
Shah Suri (humayun won)
47
Who built City of dinpanah?
Humayun Built the
city of Dinpanah (world refuge) => for refugees
48
Who built Humayun tomb and wrote Humayun Nama?
Humayun's Tomb - built by wife Hameeda Bano Begum (haji begum)
Humayun Nama - Biograpahy of Humayun by his sister Gulbadan
begum
49
Who wrote Tuzuk I baburi ? , Risal-i-Usaz?..
Wrote - "Risal-i-Usaz" (Letters of Babur) by Babur
50
Battles fought by Babur 1526-30
Battles -
a. Battle of Panipat, 1526 - Babur+Rana Sanga+Daulatkhan Lodhi +
Mohammud Lodhi vs Ibrahim Lodhi
b. Battle of Khanwa, 1527 - vs Rana Sanga
c. Battle of Chanderi, 1528 (MP) - vs Medini Raja of MP
d. Battle of Ghaghra, 1529 (Bihar)- vs Mohd Lodhi
51
Muskraj …?
tax collection department under Delhi administration
52
What is Kohi?
Agriculture dept. under Delhi administration
53
What is Insha?
Posts and letters dept. under Delhi administration
54
Ariz ?
Military dept. related to Delhi administration
55
What are IQTAS under Delhi administration?
Revenue assignments => transferrable
2. Iqta governor Iqtadar => aka Muqtis or Walis
3. Not hereditary, did not imply right to land => became heriditary under
Feroz Shah Tughlaq
56
Amin / Amil or mushrif ?
Treasurer
57
Qanungo ?.. who are they
Qanungo represented the people and received a commission on land revenue. Akbar made him a paid government officer in three different grades. In the sultanate period the khuts and muqaddams changed into chaudhurys of the Mughal period. The term chaudhury dates back to the Sultan, and they were then village headmen
58
Who are
| Karkuns?
Clerks under Delhi sultanate
59
Who are khuts?
small landowners in village Unser Delhi sultanate
60
Who are muqaddams and chaukidars..?
Amin Qanungo: Revenue officials. Village. 1. Muqaddam: Headman. 2. Patwari: Accountant. 3. Chowkidar: Watchman
61
What are 4types of taxes in Quran?
4 Types of Taxes in Quran
• Jaziya - non-muslim tax -> Firozshah included Brahmins, women and children
too (earlier weren't)
• first introduced by Qutubbuddin Aibak (not on Brahmins, women and
children)
• Jaziya was removed by Akbar
• Reimposed by Aurangzeb
• •
• Alauddin Khilji reversed => 4/5th to sultan, 1/5th to soldiers
• Khams - 1/5th of booty capture during war
62
Who founded Agra in 1506 ?
Sikandar lodi
63
Who is Barid I mumalik?
head of intelligence dept under Lodhi.
64
Who built shifa khana ? "Dar-ul-Shifa
Feroz shah tuqlaq
65
What is Haq I shrib?
Haq-i-Shirb => 10% tax on irrigation
66
Yateem khana!?
Built Yateem-Khana - widow home
| By Ferozeshah tuqlaq
67
Who also setup marriage and employment bureau ?
Feroz shah tuqlaq
68
What is Haq I shrib ?
10% tax on irrigation
69
What is Vajeha?
Soldiers were not paid in cash, but by land revenue of villages
(Vajeha)
70
What’s the religious policy of ferozshashtuqlaq?
Jaziya collection . From Brahmins also
Allowed free run of ULEMA
c. Attacked hindu temples
d. Banned female entry into sufi shrines
e. Brahmahatya
71
What are Ghari and charahi?
House tax and pasture tax
72
Who introduced taqqavi and Saundar?
Loans to farmers.
| Under md bin tuqlaq
73
Diwan I kohi started by ?
Md bin tuqlaq.
| Dept of agri
74
Rihla wrote about ?
Md bin tuqlaq
75
Rihla?
Wrote about tuqlaq reign
76
Nizamuddin Auliya was comtemporary of .?
Giyasuddin tuqlaq
77
Who controlled Siri fort?
Alauddin Khalji
78
Amir Khusrau was court poet of ?
Alauddin khalji.
79
Who is the originator of Khayal and Tarana ?
Originator of Khayal & Tarana styles of music => Father of Qawwali is AMIR KHUSROE
80
Who Controlled Umrah ?
Alauddin khalji
Controlled Umrah -> separated religion from politics
81
What are Hulliya , chehra, Dagh system?
Under Alauddin khalji.
Permanent standing army in Delhi
Dagh system
Hooliya/Chehra
Army
82
Who is the first sultan to start measurement of land ?
Alauddin khalji measured land and fixed share of state
83
What are SARA I ADAL ?
Goods sold in open market .
| Under Alauddin khalji
84
Who introduced Sajida,paibos, Diwan I ariz ? And assumed Zill -e illahi ?
```
Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266-86)
o o
3. Assumed
4. Appointed Spies
5. -> nobody can oppose king
6.
7. Non expansionary rule - just consolidation
8. Introduced 1 (Iranian New Year) as the only festival
9. Estd Military dept - Diwan-i-Arz
```
85
Who patronised Minaj us Siraj?..
Iltutmish..patronised Minhaj-us-Siraj - wrote "Tabaqat-i-Nasiri"
86
Who introduced tanka and jital..?
Iltutmish,…
Saved Delhi sultanate from wrath of Genghis Khan by refusing shelter to Khawarizm
Shah
• Introduced new coinage in India = Tanka - Silver, Jital - Copper
87
Who introduced Iqtadari system ? And who made Delhi capital ?. Who appointed turqani chahalqani nobles and who abolished them.
Tuqani chahalgani introduced by Iltutmish …but removed by Balban…
Iltutmish made delhi capital..in place of Lahore .
Introduced -non-hereditary(military+revenue).
88
Under Iqtadari system introduced by Iltutmish , who are incharge of What units ?
Iqta- iqtadar
Shiq- shiqdar I shiqdaran
Pargana- shiqdar
Gaon-chowdary….
But
Khalisa Land - direct control of Sultan
• Iqta Land - military officers (Iqtadars)
• Inam Land - assigned to religious leaders
89
What is Majlish I Khalwat?
Cabinet . Under iltutmish
90
What is Meer I insha ?
Correspondence and letters (MEA) under Iltutmish
91
Meer I arz ?
Army admin under iltutmish
92
Sadar us Sudur..?
- head of charities + religious endowment to madrasas
Under Iltutmish administration
93
Who constructed ADHAI DIN KA JHOPDA ,Ajmer ?
Qutubbuddin aibak..
| He also constructed Quwat-us-Islam ,Delhi
94
What about qutub minar?
Qutub Minar,(Mehrauli) -
• Basement by Qutubuddin Aibak, 3 floors by Iltutmish, 4-5th floor by Feroz Shah Tughlaq
• Alai Darwaza added by Alauddin Khilji in Qutub complex,mehrauli
• First Indian monument to be made by Islamic methods of construction
• After Sufi saint Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki
95
Who are Hasan in Nizami and fakeuddin ?
Qutub Uddin aibak is the Patron of writers -
• Hasan-un-Nizami - wrote "Taj-ul-Massir"
• Fakhruddin - wrote "Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi"
96
Who wrote Taj up masir ?
Hasan in nizami
97
Who wrote Tarik I Mubarak shah?
Fakhruddin - wrote "Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi"…
| Under qutubuddin aibak
98
Summary of Delhi sultanate?
```
Delhi Sultanate Summary
o
o
o
o
o
• DELHI SULTANATE
o
Rishabh Kumar Rewar – AIR 104, CSE 2020
Jayant & Rishabh UPSC CSE Notes and Strategy - https://t.me/jayantrishabh
Iltutmish -
▪ Madedelhicapital
▪ EstdChalisa
▪ Iqta system
▪ Coins - Tanka (silver), Jital (copper)
Balban
▪ Broke chalisa power
▪ EstdDiwan-i-arz
▪ Nowroz
▪ Sajda, Paibos
Alauddin Khilji
▪ Standingarmy=>paidsalaryincash
▪ Dagh&Hooliyasystem
▪ First to start measurement of land
▪ Market check & spies
▪ Amir Khusro
Mohd bin Tughlaq -
▪ Ibn-e-Batuta
▪ Diwan-i-Kohi - agri dept
▪ Sondhar & Takkavi - agri loans
Firoz Shah Tughlaq -
▪ MadeIqtahereditary
▪ Soldiers paid by land (Not cash)
▪ Extended jiziya to brahman & women
▪ Ziauddin Barani - Tarikh-i-firozeshahi, Fatwa-i-Jahandari
```
99
Diwan I wizarat was started by ?
Iltutmish
| Finance
100
Diwan I arz was started by ?
Balban ..
| Army
101
Diwan I riyasat and mushkaraj was started by
Alauddin khalji…
| Check on market and revenue collection.
102
Diwan I kohi was started by
Md.bin tuqlaq
| Agra dept
103
Diwan I Khairyat was started by ?
Feroz shahs tuqlaq…
| Marriage of poor girls charity
104
Diwan I bandagan was started by ?
Feroz shah tuqlaq.
| Employment of bureaus
105
Diwan I istikaka was started by ?
Feroz shahs tuqlaq….
| Old age pension
106
Barid I Mamulik?
was started by
Sikandar Lodi.
| Intelligence officer
107
Who is Kazi?
Judicial officer.
108
Who founded QUILA RAI PITHORA ?
PRC founded Quila Rai Pithora (First foundational city of Delhi]
109
What are works of Al biruni ? He is under Md. of ghazni
Albiruni 11th century) - founder of Indology, studied Brahmanas, translated Euclid's work into Sanskrit etc
• Tehqeeq-i-Hind - religious, literary and scientific traditions of India
• Kitab-ul-Hind - Arabic language, social life, weights and measures, each chapter begins with a question
110
Who wrote Shah nama?
Firdousi
111
Who sent Mansur tribe to Khalifa turkey ?
Iltutmish.
