Terminologies Flashcards
(147 cards)
0
Q
It is a removal of a specific antibody from a mixture of antibody using cell of known specificity
A
Absorption
1
Q
It is a situation when the ABO forward typing result does not agree with the result in the backward typing
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ABO discrepancy
2
Q
It is the production of antibody after antigenic exposure or stimulation
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Active immunization
3
Q
These are chemical substances added to red cells to extend shelf life up to 42 days
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Additive
4
Q
It is a rare condition characterized by the absence of antibodies
A
Agammagloubulinemia
5
Q
It is the clumping of particulate antigens with the corresponding specific antibody.
A
Agglutination
6
Q
Antigen is red cell when clumping occurs it is called
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Hemagglutination
7
Q
Alternative form of a gene occupying a given locus
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Allele
8
Q
Process of collecting amniotic fluid
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Amniocentesis
9
Q
It is the albuminous fluid contained in amniotic sac that provides nutrients to the developing fetus
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Amniotic fluid
10
Q
Referred to as the “silent gene” that does not produce a detectable antigen. O gene
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Amorph
11
Q
It is also known as secondary immune response and it also refers to the production of antibody after secondary antigenic exposure
A
Anamnestic response
12
Q
Severe allergic hypersensitivity reaction
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Anaphylaxis
13
Q
It occurs before birth
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Antenatal
14
Q
Also known as immunoglobulin, and it refers to protein substances that are secreted by plasma cells and are produced in response to antigenic stimulation
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Antibody
15
Q
Immune antibody against foreign antigen of the same species
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Alloantibody
16
Q
Antibody against own antigens
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Autoantibody
17
Q
The unexpected antibody, refers to the antibody other than the naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B
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Atypical antibody
18
Q
Isoantibodies referred to as anti-A and anti-B
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Naturally occurring antibody
19
Q
Antibody derived from single clone of antigen
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Monoclonal antibody
20
Q
Antibody derived from more than one antibody producing plasma cells
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Polyclonal antibody
21
Q
These are reagents used to enhance or speed up antigen-antibody reaction
A
Antibody potentiators
22
Q
This is used to detect immune antibody other than the naturally occurring through the use of completely phenotyped group O cells
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Antibody screening test
23
Q
It is any foreign substance which when introduced to the body stimulates antibody production
A
Antigen
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It describes the ability of a substance to illicit immune response
Antigenic
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It is a table of phenotyped group O cells showing different antigen used to screen and identify immune antibody
Antigram
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It is also known as Coomb's serum and it also refers to a secondary antibody against human IgG or complement
Antihuman Globulin Reagent
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It is also known as Coomb's test, and it also refers to a method that uses antibodies directed against human globulins to aid in the detection of RBCs sensitized by IgG alloantibodies....
Antihuman Globulin test
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Commercially prepared reagent containing antibody with known specificity
Antiserum
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It is used to describe antigens controlled by a pair of allelic genes
Antithetical
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Method of blood collection in which whole blood is withdrawn and processed.
Aphresis
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Removal of platelet
Plateletpheresis
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Removal of Leukocytes
Leukapheresis
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Removal of plasma
Plasmapheresis
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It is the process of antibody removal through the use of the patients own antigen
Autoabsorption
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It is abbreviated as PS PR and it refers to the testing of the patients serum for antibody against his own red cells; employed to detect autoantibody
Autocontrol
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It refers to the strength of antigen-antibody reaction as influenced by characteristic feature of the antigen and antibody
Avidity
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Biological substances that will pose threat
Biohazard
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It is an antibody with reactivity occurring at 2 phases
Biphasic hemolysin
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Consists of a single bag or interconnected multiple bags with tubings used in blood donation
Blood bag
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It is one of the major divisions in a hospital laboratory that provides see blood to patients...
Blood bank
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They refer to different cellular and liquid compositions of blood separated by physical means
Blood components
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It is a frozen plasma product that contains all clotting factors; usually administered to patients with clotting factor deficiencies other than hemophilia
Fresh frozen plasma
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It is a red cell component prepared by separating the plasma from a whole blood unit
Packed RBC
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They are platelets removed from unrefrigerated fresh whole blood and stored for transfusion
Platelet concentrate
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It is a platelet concentrate containing at least 5.5x10^10 platelets obtained manually by centrifugation
Random platelet concentrate
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It is a platelet concentrate containing about 3.0x10^11 platelets obtained by apheresis
Single platelet concentrate
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It is a concentrated coagulated Factor VIII and Factor I (fibrinogen) extracted from fresh frozen plasma
Cryoprecipitate
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It is a blood component which includes prothrombin complexes......indicated in trauma, liver disease... Improving coagulation stability
Factor concentrate
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These are erythrocytes that are treated with cryoprotective reagent and subsequently kept in freezing temperatures
Frozen Red Cell
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These are erythrocytes that are treated by a solution containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate.....and ATP to at least normal levels
Rejuvenated Red Cell
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It is the application of physical means such as refrigerated centrifugation to separate the different cellular and liquid compositions of whole blood
Blood Component Preparation
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It is a manual blood component prep..... Within 24 hours
Open system
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It is a blood component preparation.....usually makes use of refrigerated centrifuge.
Closed system
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It is a filter device attached to a blood or blood component unit designed to retain unwanted cells,blood clots, or debris
Blood Filter
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These are soluble antigens present in fluids that can be used to neutralize their corresponding antibodies. Blood group systems that demonstrate BGSSs are ABO, Lewis, and P
Blood Group Specific Soluble Substances
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It is a system classifying blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the red blood cells
Blood Group System
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The test used to determine the blood group system
Blood typing
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It is the determination of red cell antigen through the use of antiserum of known specificity. Also known as red cell phenotyping
Forward/Direct/Cell Typing
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It is the determination of serum or plasma antibodies using cell of known antigenic profile
Backward/Indirect/Serum typing
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It is a device used to warming blood stored at refrigerator temperature of 4-6*C to body temperature before infusion
Blood warmer
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It is the failure of an individual to express inherited A or B genes because of tea lack of H gene. Has anti-H serum.
Bombay phenotype (Oh)
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It is a main soluble protein in the serum of the cattle that is often times used as an enzymatically inert protein or negative control
Bovine Serum Albumin
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It is the most preferred method for cross matching that include 3 phases: immediate spin, Thermophase, AHG phase
Broad Spectrum Compatibility test
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It is a condition producing two cell populations in an individual
Chimerism
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It is a rare condition characterized by the difficulty of the phagocytic cells to generate superoxide radicals which is needed in killing ingested pathogens. A person with this condition suffers from recurrent supprative e bacterial and fungal infections
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
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These are substances present in the plasma involved in clotting process
Coagulation factor
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Fibrinogen
Factor 1
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Prothrombin
Factor 2
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Tissue factor
Factor 3
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Calcium
Factor 4
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Proaccelerin
Factor 5
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Activated factor 5
Factor 6
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Proconvertin
Factor 7
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Antihemophillic factor A
Factor 8
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Christmas factor
Factor 9
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Stuart Prower factor
Factor 10
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Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
Factor 11
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Hageman factor
Factor 11
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Fibrin-stabilizing factor
Factor 12
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It is a sequence of three bases in a DNA strand that provides the genetic code for a specific amino acid
Codon
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It is a batch of test which include ABO and Rh grouping, screening of serum for alloantibodies, and cross matching
Compatibility test
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Serologically inactive when mixed
Compatible
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It is a complex of plasma proteins
Complement
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It is the transfusion of specific components rather than whole blood to treat the patient
Component therapy
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They are antibody-coated cells used to confirm negative results obtained in direct and indirect Antihuman globulin tests
Coomb's control
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They are blood contains stem cells which are taken from the umbilical cord after childbirth
Cord cells
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It is a computed value used to evaluate effectiveness of platelet transfusion
Corrected count increment
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It is the process of exchange of genetic material between 2 homologous pairs of chromosomes
Crossing over
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It is the testing of the patients blood against donors blood
Crossmatch
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PS DR
Major Crossmatch
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PR DS
Minor crossmatch
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It is the process of mixing the recipients serum with donors red blood cells and centrifuging immediately
Immediate crossmatch
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Crossmatch via computer
Computerized crossmatch
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It is a type and screen coupled with immediate spin
Abbreviated crossmatch
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These are substances that are added to erythrocytes to protect them against the harmful effects of freezing temperature
Cryoprotective agent
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These are hidden receptors that may be exposed when normal erythrocytes membranes are altered by bacterial or viral enzymes
Cryptantigen
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It is the process of removing glycerol from a unit of RBCs after thawing to return them to normal osmolality
Degylcerolization
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These are frozen red cell whose glycerol has been removed by several washing
Deglycerolized red cell
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It is a plasma expander that may be used as a substitute for plasma
Dextran
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It is a genetic marker that is present in the child but absent in the mother and alleged father
Direct exclusion
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It is a sulfhydryl compound used to break down disulfide bonds of IgM
Dithiotreitol DTT
102
It is a cryoprotectant used for hematopoietic progenitor cells
DMSO DiMethyl SulfOxide
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It is a biphasic IgG specifically directed to anti-P found in patients with Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria
Donath-Landsteiner antibody
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It is the process of giving blood to a reciptient
Donation
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This refers to an individual who give blood in a blood donation
Donor
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It is the phenomenon whereby an antibody reacts more strongly with a red blood cell showing double dose of antigens than those with single dose
Dosage
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It is a product of deliberate manipulation of a red cell suspension to break an immune complex with subsequent release of the antibody into the surrounding medium
Eluate
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It is a substance capable of catalyzing a reaction.
Enzyme
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Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the pineapple
Bromelin
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Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the human intestine
Trypsin
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Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the fig
Ficin
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Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the papaya
Papain
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It is the immunologic incompatibility between mother and fetus that can produce severe or fatal consequences
Erythroblastosis fetalis
114
It refers to the replacement of an infants coated RBCs with donor blood until one or two blood volumes are accomplished
Exchange transfusion
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It refers to the activity where a person is likely to get foreign substances
Exposure
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It is a transfusion reaction caused by leukoagglutins characterized by fever
Febrile reaction
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It refers to the transplacental passage of fetal blood into the circulation of the maternal organism
Fetalmaternal hemorrhage
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It is a filamentous clot formed by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen
Fibrin
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It is also referred to as plasmin; a substance that has the ability to dissolve fibrin
Fibrinolysin
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It is the process of dissolving fibrin due to the action of fibrinolysin
Fibrinolysis
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It is a type of large glycoprotein that is found on the surface of the cells and mediates cellular adhesion
Fibronectin
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It is one of the five types of immunoglobulin known to be involved in immunity produced during the second immune response
Gamma globulin
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It is a unit of inheritance within a chromosome
Gene
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It is the term used to describe a pair of genes in which neither is dominant over. Both are expressed
Codominant
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It is a term used to describe a gene that does not appear to produce a detectable antigen
Amorphic
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One of two or more different genes that may occupy a specific locus on a chromosome
Allelic
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It is a term used to describe a gene that is expressed if present
Dominant
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Gene which is not expressed unless it is in the homozygous form
Recessive
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Produces a repressor substance that inhibits an operator gene
Regulatory
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A gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene
Suppressor
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It is the specific place on a chromosome where gene is located
Gene locus
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Cryoprotective reagent
Glycerol
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Carbohydrate attached lipid
Glycolipid
134
It any of the several related proteins that can project through the thickness of the cell membrane of erythrocytes
Glycophorin
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It is a molecule that consists of carbohydrate plus protein
Glycoprotein
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It is a sphingolipid containing sugar glucose or galactose
Glycosphingolipid
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It is an enzyme needed to attach to a specific sugar molecule to a predetermined acceptor molecule
Glycosyl transferase
138
It is an intense and frequently fatal immunologic reaction of engrafted cells against the host caused by the infusion of immunocompetent lymphocytes into individual with impaired immunity
Grafts vs host disease
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Markedly decreased leukocytes in the blood
Granulocytopenia
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These genes are close on the chromosome and inherited together by an individual
Haplotype
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It is a very small substance to stimulate antibody production without attaching to a larger molecule
Hapten
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It is a plasma protein which binds to hemoglobin following intravascular hemolysis
Haptoglobin
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It is an increase in the volume of blood plasma resulting to reduced concentration of red blood cells
Hemodilution
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It is a severe condition characterized by low RBC count resulting from destruction of circulating erythrocytes
Hemolytic anemia
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It is a condition wherein the patient has shortened red blood cell survival associated with hemolysis mediated by humoral antibody
Immune hemolytic anemia
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It refers to the continuous red blood cell destruction resulting to anemia due to the presence of autoantibodies directed against the patients own red blood cells
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
