Terminology

Question 1

Paralinguistics

Answer 1

Aspects of communication which do not use words

Question 2

Lexis

Answer 2

Words

Question 3

Prescriptive linguists

Answer 3

Say that there are rules which need to be followed

Question 4

Descriptive linguists

Answer 4

Say that understanding how a language is actually used is what matters

Question 5

Pragmatics

Answer 5

The shared assumptions made by addresser/addresee

Question 6

Semiotics

Answer 6

The study of symbols and signs

Question 7

Graphology

Answer 7

The study of graphic elements of a text

Question 8

Phonology

Answer 8

The study of sound

Question 9

Declarative

Answer 9

Statement/ convey information

Question 10

Imperative

Answer 10

Order/command/directive

Question 11

Interrogative

Answer 11

Question

Question 12

Exclamatory

Answer 12

An exclamation or surprise/emotion

Question 13

Register

Answer 13

The level or formality of a text - spoken or written

Question 14

Dynamic verbs

Answer 14

Doing words

Question 15

Stative verbs

Answer 15

Being words

Question 16

Modifiers

Answer 16

Add to the meaning of a word

Question 17

Pre-modifier

Answer 17

Goes in front a word to describe it

Question 18

Post-modifier

Answer 18

Goes behind a word or describe it

Question 19

Field specific and subject specific Lexis

Answer 19

Words used in association with a particular subject

Question 20

Lexical set/field

Answer 20

A group of words which are all linked together by topic or idea

Question 21

Determiners

Answer 21

The a/an - definite and indefinite article

Question 22

Semantics

Answer 22

Meanings and connotations

Question 23

Attributive adjectives

Answer 23

Gives information about a noun (see,shape,colour)

Question 24

Comparative adjective

Answer 24

E.g better (er) more of something

Question 25

Superlative

Answer 25

E.g biggest (est) most of something

Question 26

Modal verbs

Answer 26

Modal auxiliary verbs add meaning to or modify other words. They can convey a range of attitudes.

Question 27

Ideolect

Answer 27

An individuals unique and identifiable way of using language

Question 28

Discourse

Answer 28

Overall structure of whole text

Question 29

Morphology

Answer 29

Structure of words

Question 30

Grammar and syntax

Answer 30

Sentence structure: means the structures created by combing words together

Question 31

Jargon

Answer 31

Often used negatively to describe unnecessarily complicated words

Question 32

Pronominal usage

Answer 32

How pronouns are being used

Question 33

Coinage/neologism

Answer 33

New word/made up word

Question 34

Ellision

Answer 34

Deliberate missing of a letter

Question 35

Qualifiers

Answer 35

Soften or intensify a word

Question 36

Softener

Answer 36

Soften a word (just)

Question 37

Intensifier

Answer 37

Intensifies a word

Question 38

Ephemeral

Answer 38

Lasting for a short time

Question 39

Lexical asymmetry

Answer 39

Unequal meanings

Question 40

Denotations

Answer 40

The definition without any association or connotations

Question 41

Derogatory

Answer 41

Words with negative connotations

Question 42

Unmarked suffix

Answer 42

The assumption the male forms

Question 43

Back channeling

Answer 43

A strategy which shows active listening, using minimal responses

Question 44

Topic

Answer 44

What is talked about

Question 45

Topic shift

Answer 45

Change of subject

Question 46

Topic management

Answer 46

How subjects are introduced, developed

Question 47

The floor

Answer 47

A metaphor to describe the interaction

Question 48

Holding the floor

Answer 48

Speaking

Question 49

Taking the floor

Answer 49

Taking the topic from someone else

Question 50

Gender

Answer 50

Marked terms

Question 51

Vocative

Answer 51

Using a name

Question 52

Prestige

Answer 52

That which is valued

Question 53

Overt prestige

Answer 53

Valued by the majority in a society establishment

Question 54

Covert prestige

Answer 54

Valued within a sub group of society

Question 55

Non-fluency features

Answer 55

Hesitations, pauses | E.g um, er

Question 56

Fillers

Answer 56

Give time to think about what to say next | E.g um er

Question 57

Convergence

Answer 57

Making your language use like that if those being spoken to/with

Question 58

Divergence

Answer 58

Making your language unlike that of those being spoken to/with

Question 59

Upward/downward convergence/divergence

Answer 59

Refer to changing register e.g from a higher formal one to an informal,lower one and vice versa

Question 60

Sociolect

Answer 60

The language of a particular social group

Question 61

Dialect

Answer 61

A particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region of social group - includes grammar, Lexis and phonology

Question 62

Accent

Answer 62

A distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation or locality - phonology

Question 63

R.P

Answer 63

Receive pronunciation accent which is not attributive to regions

Question 64

Phoneme

Answer 64

The smallest unit of sound/a unit of sound

Question 65

Phonetics

Answer 65

The study is the way sounds are produced and the ways they can be recorded and studied