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English Language > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Phoneme

A

The basic unit sound

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2
Q

Diphthong

A

A vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker glides from one to another. E.g- ie, ou, etc

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3
Q

Syllable

A

Sound unit with a vowel in the centre. E.g- book has one syllable and reading has two

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4
Q

Accent

A

Regional variety of speech that differed from other regional varieties in terms of pronunciation

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5
Q

Accommodation

A

Ways that individuals adjust their speech patterns to match others

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6
Q

Internal phonetic alphabet

A

An internally recognised system of phonetic transcription.

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7
Q

Layout

A

Way in which a text is physically structured

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8
Q

Typographical feature

A

Features of font used in texts such as bold font, fonts size, colour

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9
Q

Orthographical features

A

Features of the writing system such as spelling, capitalisation and punctuation

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10
Q

Multimodal text

A

Texts that rely on the interplay of different modes e.g images, writing and sound to help shape meaning

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11
Q

Other graphical features

A

Emoticons, hyperlinks and tabs

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12
Q

Denotative meaning

A

The literal meaning e.g if the girl was blue she would actually be blue

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13
Q

Connotative meaning

A

The associated meaning of a word e.g the girl is blue would mean she is sad

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14
Q

Figurative language

A

Language used in a non literal way in order to describe something
Metaphor
Simile

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15
Q

Semantic field

A

Group of words connected by a shared field of reference to describe a key topic

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16
Q

Synonym

A

Words that have equivalent meaning

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17
Q

Passive voice

A

Subject comes last and object comes first

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18
Q

Aspect

A

Another element of marking the time of an event by specifying if they are progressive (ongoing) or perfective (completed)

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19
Q

Antonyms

A

Words that have contrasting meanings

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20
Q

Hyponym

A

Words that can be included in a larger more general category (e.g cars bus, plane)

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21
Q

Hypernym

A

Words that label categories (animals- which can include dogs, cats, rabbits)

22
Q

What are the key levels of formality

A

Slang
Colloquialisms
Taboo
Formal and fixed lexis

23
Q

Occupational register

A

Technical vocabulary associated with a particular occupation or activity

24
Q

Sociolect

A

Language style associated with a particular social group

25
Q

Dialect

A

Language style associated with a particular geographical region

26
Q

Neology

A

Process of new word formation

27
Q

Semantic change

A

Process of words changing meaning

28
Q

Morphology

A

Word formation

29
Q

Syntax

A

Order structure within phrases , clauses and sentences

30
Q

Morpheme

A

Smallest grammatical unit

31
Q

Free morpheme

A

A morpheme that cannot stand on its own as a word

32
Q

Affix

A

A morpheme that cannot stand on its own but combines with other words to create a new word

33
Q

Noun phrase

A

The noun and it’s focus

34
Q

Verb phrase

A

Verbs plus other verbs and adverbs that don’t include subjects, as that would make it a clause

35
Q

Head word

A

The central word in a phrase

36
Q

Modification

A

The adding of additional words to provide more detail to the head word in a phrase either before (pre modification) or after (post modification)

37
Q

Main clause

A

Grammatically complete

38
Q

Subordinate clause

A

Grammatically incomplete, requires a subordinator to join with a main clause

39
Q

Active voice

A

Subject comes first and object comes last

40
Q

Coordination

A

Joint two or more independent clauses via co ordinating conjunctions. Single words and longer phrases can also be co-ordinated.

41
Q

Subordination

A

The joint of two or more clauses where only one is independent (main) and the others are dependent (subordinate)

42
Q

Hedging

A

A qualified claim through adding different types of verbs

43
Q

Interjection

A

Words used to show emotion e.g- wow, ouch

44
Q

Declarative

A

Statement

45
Q

Interrogative

A

Questions

46
Q

Imperatives

A

Commands

47
Q

Exclamatives

A

Shouting

48
Q

Proper noun

A

A particular being or thing e.g- London, John

49
Q

Common noun

A

E.g restaurant, book, student, etc

50
Q

Concrete noun

A

English Language (9 decks)

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