Terminology Flashcards
what is the difference between BiPAP and CPAP
BiPAP: Is biphasic. You can control the Inspiratory pressure and expiratory pressure
CPAP: one continual pressure
What is IPPV vs NIPPV
Invasive positive pressure ventilation
Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation
What is MV
Minuet volume: the volume of air inhaled or exhaled in one min
What is VT
Tidal volume: the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in each breath
What is FEV1/FVC and what are the result implications
Forced Expiratory Volume in one second / forced expiratory volume
Around 80% is normal
70% is obstructive airway disease
Total lung capacity levels that in dictate emphysema vs restrictive
Emphysema: >100
Restrictive: <80
What is GOLD criteria and what are the four levels?
GOLD: FEV1/FVC determines the level of obstructive airway disease
GOLD 1: 80
GOLD2: 50-79
GOLD 3: 30-49
GOLD 4: <30
What is dead space? Include normal limits
Dead space is the volume of space in the lungs that do not participate in ventilation
Normal level is 150mls per breath
What is residual volume
The amount of air left in the lung after complete exhalation
What is peak pressure , normal levels
The highest amount of pressure air exerts in the airway. Normal levels <30
What can cause Peak pressure to elevate and what are consequences of sustained peak pressure
Bronchospasm, secretions, mucus plug, ETT occlusion
Can cause barotrauma
What is plateau pressure
Essentially it is the pressure exerted on the lungs in a “resting” state. Measured during an Inspiratory hold. Measures lung compliance
What are potential causes of high pulmonary plateau pressure
Pneumothorax, edema, PNA, ARDS
What are benefits of PEEP
Recruits alveoli, displaces edema into interstitial, decrease atelectasis, decreases right to left shunt, improves compliance, improves oxygenation
What are the negatives of peep
Increases PVR, decreases venous return, decreases preload, increases afterload, increases intrathorasic pressure, overextend airways, increases alveolar dead space
