Terminology

Question 1

Interjection

Answer 1

Words used to express surprise, delight (eg wow!)

Question 2

Low frequency words

Answer 2

uncommon or obscure words

Question 3

High frequency word

Answer 3

common words

Question 4

Grapheme

Answer 4

a letter/symbol

Question 5

Lexeme

Answer 5

single word or short phrase. also known as a lexical item

Question 6

Lexicon

Answer 6

the words a person uses (their vocabulary)

Question 7

Semantics

Answer 7

the analysis of word meanings and the relations between them

Question 8

denotation

Answer 8

literal meaning of a word

Question 9

connotation

Answer 9

the metaphorical/figurative meaning of a word

Question 10

etymology

Answer 10

the study of the origin of words and the way their meanings have changed throughout history

Question 11

loan words

Answer 11

words taken from other languages and not changed. also known as borrowings

Question 12

neologism

Answer 12

new word, meaning or phrase

Question 13

coinage

Answer 13

the invention of a new word/phrase

Question 14

paralanguage

Answer 14

everything besides the language that conveys meaning (eg facial expressions, eye contact etc)

Question 15

pragmatics

Answer 15

actual intended meaning or implied meaning in context, using verbal and non verbal cues

Question 16

discourse

Answer 16

written or spoken communication

Question 17

pragmatic particle

Answer 17

word/phrase/grapheme used to fill gaps in discourse

Question 18

tenor

Answer 18

implied relationship between text producer and text receiver

Question 19

idiom

Answer 19

group of words with a common meaning that doesn’t relate to the literal meaning

Question 20

phonology

Answer 20

sounds or combinations of sounds within a language

Question 21

morphology

Answer 21

how words can change based on a specific sentence

Question 22

figurative device

Answer 22

non literal rhetorical device (eg simile, metaphor)

Question 23

figurative device

Answer 23

non literal rhetorical device (eg simile, metaphor)

Question 24

exophoric reference

Answer 24

a reference to something outside the text

Question 25

personal identity

Answer 25

elements of identity personal to an individual (eg creative, animal lover etc)

Question 26

social identity

Answer 26

elements of identity that can be grouped or categorised by society (eg gender, age, ethnicity)

Question 27

concrete noun

Answer 27

physical thing which can be observed and measured

Question 28

abstract noun

Answer 28

abstract concepts which can’t be measured (sadness, thought etc)

Question 29

common noun

Answer 29

common names for physical things

Question 30

descriptive adjective

Answer 30

used to express size, colour or shape

Question 31

evaluative adjective

Answer 31

used to express judgement or bias (eg good, bad, ugly etc)

Question 32

comparative adjective

Answer 32

compares nouns (eg the ‘better’ object)

Question 33

superlative adjective

Answer 33

used to compare three or more nouns (eg the ‘best’ object)

Question 34

attributive adjective

Answer 34

adjectives that come before the noun

Question 35

predicative adjective

Answer 35

adjective that comes after the noun

Question 36

adjectival noun

Answer 36

a noun that describes another noun

Question 37

mode

Answer 37

method of communication

Question 38

audience

Answer 38

demographic and relationship between producer and receiver

Question 39

field

Answer 39

subject matter

Question 40

function

Answer 40

the purpose of the text

Question 41

register

Answer 41

the formality of the text

Question 42

dynamic verb

Answer 42

describes an action

Question 43

stative verb

Answer 43

describes a state of being

Question 44

modal verb

Answer 44

verb used with another verb to express ability/permission

Question 45

primary / auxiliary verb

Answer 45

expresses tenses or voices, accompanied by a main verb. in english this is be, have and do

Question 46

adverb of degree

Answer 46

intensifiers or diminutives (eg really)

Question 47

adverb of manner

Answer 47

typical adverbs (eg quickly, quietly, happily etc)

Question 48

adverb of frequency

Answer 48

shows frequency (eg daily, weekly, often)

Question 49

convergence

Answer 49

strategies to reduce social differences and be closer to the reader

Question 50

divergence

Answer 50

strategies to increase social differences (usually to enforce power)

Question 51

non standard elements

Answer 51

grammatical ‘errors’ (eg not using capital letters)

Question 52

information age

Answer 52

shift in the 21st century from traditional industry to computers

Question 53

prosodic features

Answer 53

features that appear when we put sounds together in connected speech

Question 54

non fluency features

Answer 54

features that disrupt the flow of speech (eg mistake corrections, fillers and pauses)

Question 55

reflexive pronoun

Answer 55

preceded by the other word it refers (eg she will do it ‘herself’)

Question 56

possessive pronoun

Answer 56

used to indicate that something belongs to someone (his, hers etc)

Question 57

indefinite pronoun

Answer 57

refers to one or more unspecified objects (anyone, something etc)

Question 58

relative pronoun

Answer 58

used to join together clauses (who, which etc)

Question 59

demonstrative pronoun

Answer 59

used to point to something (this, that etc)