Terminology

Question 1

Compound adjective

Answer 1

A compound adjective is formed by combing two or more words to act as a single idea that modifies a noun.
“gloom-haunted”

Question 2

Stative verb

Answer 2

describes a state or condition that is unlikely to change.
“feel”, “believe”, “know”

Question 3

Action verb/dynamic verb

Answer 3

describes the action that the subject of the sentence performs.
“I run”

Question 4

Subject-verb agreement

Answer 4

means that the subject of a sentence matches the verb describing its action - plural subject, plural verb - singular subject, singular verb.
“The results are significant”, “The result is significant”

Question 5

Regular verb

Answer 5

A verb whose simple past and past participle are formed by adding the suffix “ed”.
“Walk” - “Walked”

Question 6

Irregular verb

Answer 6

A verb whose simple past and past participle do not follow the standard conjugation rules.
“sang”
“eaten”
“ate”

Question 7

Transitive verb

Answer 7

A verb that requires a direct object (e.g. noun, pronoun or noun phrase) to indicate the person or thing acted upon by the verb.

“I RECIEVED a letter” the direct object is necessary for the sentence to make sense.
“Katarina raised her hand”
“We gave Kevin a voucher for his birthday”
“Anthony borrowed a book from the library”

Question 8

Intransitive verb

Answer 8

Doesn’t require an object.
“Hannah runs”
“yawn”
“Paul is leaving”
“Dave chews loudly”

Question 9

Ditransitive verbs

Answer 9

A transitive verb that takes two objects: an indirect object and direct object. An indirect object indicates the person or thing that receives the direct object.
The indirect object normally comes before the direct object.
When an indirect object is after a direct object, it becomes a prepositional phrase.
“Emily sent [her pen pal][a letter] last week.”
“Oran read [a book]{to}[his daughter]”

Question 10

Ambitransitive verbs

Answer 10

Verbs that can be used as both transitive and intransitive.
“Emily [sang] (a song)”
“Cole is [reading] (his book)”

Question 11

Linking verb

Answer 11

connects the subject of a sentence with a subject complement (i.e., a noun, pronoun, or adjective that renames or describes the subject).
For example, in the statement “Max is excited”, the verb “is” links the subject “Max” to the adjective “excited”

Question 12

Linking verbs purpose and contrast

Answer 12

Used to indicate conditions or state of being.
Often contrasted with action verbs, which describe physical or mental actions (e.g., “run”).

Question 13

Auxiliary verb

Answer 13

(called helping verbs) are used along the main verb to express tense, mood, or voice. For example, in the statement “it is raining”, “is” functions as an auxiliary verb indicating that the action of the main verb (“raining”) is ongoing.

Question 14

Auxiliary verb purpose

Answer 14

used in various tenses, including the continuous tense (“I [am] talking”), the perfect tense (“you [have] run”), and the future tense (“they [will] dance”)

Question 15

Tag questions

Answer 15

Used at the end of a sentence to ask whether a preceding statement is true.
If the main statement is positive, the tag question should use a negative auxiliary verb.
They always use subject pronouns.
“Paula IS coming to the party, ISN’T she?”

Question 16

Modal verb

Answer 16

(aka modal auxiliary verb) used along main verb to express possibility, ability, permission or necessity.
Modal verbs are classed as a type of auxiliary verb.

Question 17

Subjunctive Mood

Answer 17

Used to refer to a hypothetical scenario, or to express wishes, suggestions or commands (“I wish you would BE quiet”)
“I demand that everyone HAVE an opportunity to speak”
“Sharon insisted that she BE notified of any problems”
“If Jane WERE here, she could tell us what to do”

Question 18

Present subjunctive

Answer 18

Verbs in the present subjunctive take the infinitive form (“be”)

Question 19

Past subjunctive

Answer 19

Verbs in the past subjunctive are identical to their simple past forms (“ran”)

Question 20

Imperative mood

Answer 20

Verb form used to express demand, or instruction or to give advice
“slow down!”
Implies a second-person subject (“you”)

Question 21

Indicative mood

Answer 21

expresses a fact, asks a question or expresses a condition.
“Paris IS a city”, “Did you GET my message?”, “You can take a break, if you WANT to.”

Question 22

Negative imperative

Answer 22

When the word “do not” or the contracted “don’t” is put before an imperative verb.
“Do not enter!”

Question 23

First-person plural imperative

Answer 23

Used to suggest that the speaker and addressee are both doing something.
Expressed using the imperative verb “let”, along with the first-person plural object pronoun “us” (i.e. “let’s”)
“Let’s dance!”

Question 24

Negative first-person plural imperative

Answer 24

Formed by adding the adverb “not” after “let us” or “let’s” and before the imperative verb.

Question 25

Conditional sentence

Answer 25

refers to a hypothetical situations and its possible outcomes. Always contains a subordinate clause expressing a condition ("if it snows tomorrow,") and a main clause as the outcome/consequence ("school will be cancelled").

Question 26

Zero conditional

Answer 26

Expresses a fact or habit: "If you mix yellow and blue, you get green"

Question 27

First conditional

Answer 27

Expresses a realistic future outcome: "If we work hard, we will be prepared"

Question 28

Second conditional

Answer 28

Expresses an unlikely or impossible consequence: "If I were you, I would study more" (think literally)

Question 29

Third conditional

Answer 29

Expresses an unrealistic past outcome: "If you had called me, I would have told you about it"

Question 30

Adverbial phrase

Answer 30

- A group of words that act like an adverb - How, when, where, and why. E.g. - Jamil has a meeting AT NOON. - Samantha went to her friend’s house TO WATCH A FILM. - BEFORE WE BEGIN, I would like to make an announcement