Terminology 8/30 (1st Semester) Flashcards
(179 cards)
1
Q
Dentition
A
Natural teeth in the dental arch
2
Q
Maxillary
A
Fusion of 2 bones
3
Q
Mandibular
A
1 bone
4
Q
Median line
A
Midline- forming equal left and right sides
MID-SAGITTAL PLANE
5
Q
Quadrant
A
Half and arch created by median line
6
Q
3 Different Characteristic of Dentition
A
- Form and Function
- Eruption or Exfoliation
- Attachment to the Jaw
7
Q
Homodont
A
One form, one function, has one purpose
ex. shark (repeated dentition to pierce)
8
Q
Heterodont
A
Several forms in the same arch
ex. humans
9
Q
Incisors (8 total in the mouth)
A
2 per quadrant
both primary and permanent dentitions
10
Q
Canine (AKA cuspid) (4 total in the mouth)
A
1 per quadrant
both primary and permanent dentitions
11
Q
Premolars (AKA bicuspid) (8 total in the mouth)
A
2 per quadrant
ONLY permanent dentition
12
Q
Molars (8 primary 12 permanent total in the mouth)
A
2 per quadrant -primary
3 per quadrant - permanent
13
Q
Polyphyodontism
A
Many sets of teeth Continuous replacement (eruption) of teeth
14
Q
Humans are classified as
A
- Heterodont (Form and Function)
- Diphyodont (Eruption and Exfoliation)
- Thecodont (Attachment to the Jaw)
15
Q
Diphyodontism
A
2 sets of teeth
Human: deciduous and permanent
16
Q
Primary/Deciduous
A
20 teeth which erupt from ages 6 months - 2 years
AKA milk teeth
17
Q
Secondary Permanent
A
32 teeth which erupt from ages 6-12 years
18
Q
Mixed dentition
A
When components of primary/deciduous and secondary/permanent are present
Ages 6-12 years
19
Q
Functions of Dentitions
Primary
A
Alignment, formation, speech (anterior teeth), and mastication (chewing)
20
Q
Functions of Dentitions
Secondary
A
Esthetics (how you look), speech, and mastication (chewing)
21
Q
Functions of Dentitions
Secondary
*Succedaneous
A
Permanent teeth replacing deciduous
(permanent tooth succeeded a primary tooth)
20 permanent teeth that replace the primary teeth are
22
Q
Functions of Dentitions
Secondary
*Nonsuccedaneous
A
Permanent teeth with no predecessors
Permanent molars they erupt where there were no secondary teeth
23
Q
Dentition Components
Gingiva
A
Soft tissue surrounding the teeth
24
Q
Dentition Components
Teeth
4 class traits
A
Incisor, Canine, Premolar, and Molar
25
Tissue of the Teeth
| Enamel
Hardest structure in the body
No reparative capability
*Crystal (inflexible) brittle highly mineralized
26
Tissue of the Teeth
| Dentin
Forms "bulk" of tooth Structure (most common tissue found in teeth)
has limited reparative capability (decay progresses faster)
*Absorb forces better protects enamel shock absorbing
27
Color of Enamel is dependent upon 3 factors
Thickness, Mineralization, and Color of the dentin beneath it
28
Tissue of the Teeth
| Cementum
Covers dentin of root surfaces
29
Tissue of the Teeth
| Pulp
Vascular, lymphatics, and neurological components
30
Pulp: Chamber
Within the crown of the tooth
31
Pulp: Canal
Within the roots of the tooth
32
Pulp: Horns
Chamber extensions toward crown of tooth
| Extensions of the pulp chamber
33
Anatomical Crown
That portion of the tooth covered with enamel
| the part of the tooth that you can see
34
Clinical Crown
That portion of the tooth seen in the oral cavity
That part of the tooth that you can preform a therapeutic treatment on
*Can be the same as Anatomical Crown
35
Anatomical Root
That portion of the tooth covered with cementum
36
Clinical Root
That portion of the tooth NOT seen in the oral cavity
| That part of the tooth that you CAN'T preform a therapeutic treatment on
37
Attachment to the Jaw
| Acrodont (Ex Lizard)
Teeth are fused to the height of the alveolar ridge (alveolar process, alveolar bone)
38
Attachment to the Jaw
| Pleurodont (Ex. Alligator)
Teeth are fused to the inner surface of the alveolar ridge (alveolar process, alveolar bone)
39
Attachment to the Jaw
| Thecodont (Ex Human)
Teeth are held in the jaw by roots
40
Cementoenamel (CEJ)
Cementum and enamel meet
60% Cementum overlaps onto the enamel
30% Cementum comes right up to the enamel
10% Cementum doesn't meet enamel (leaves exposed dentin SENSITIVITY)
41
Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)
Dentin meets enamel
42
Dentinocemental Junction (DCJ)
Dentin and cementum meet
43
Alveolar Process
Bone which surrounds and supports the teeth
44
Apical Foramen (foramena)
Opening near the apex of the tooth
45
Furcation
Branching of tooth with more than one root. Branches into 2 or 3 roots
46
Furcation
| Bifurcated
Single root trunk branches into 2 roots
47
Furcation
| Trifucated
Single root trunk branches into 3 roots
48
Root trunk
"Unbranched" portion of multi-rooted teeth
49
Root Apex
End of the root (Apical Foramen is different - in different places)
50
Periodontal Ligament (PDL)
Fibrous ligament that joins alveolar bone to cementum on the root surface
51
Gomphosis
Union of the tooth to the jaw
| Special joint that holds teeth in the jaw
52
Primary/Deciduous Quadrant Formula
2-1-2
| Incisors-Canine-Molar
53
Permanent/Secondary Quadrant Formula
2-1-2-3
| Incisors-canine-premolars-molars
54
Deciduous Teeth
| Universal System
Continuous lettering system
| A-T (1st 20 letters of the alphabet)
55
Deciduous Teeth
| Palmer System
A-E with quadrant designation
56
Deciduous Teeth
| FDI/ISO System
5-8 for quadrant; 1-5 for tooth
| 5 UR, 6 UL, 7 LL, 8 LR
57
Permanent Teeth
| Universal System
Continuous numbering system 1-32
| Start with 1 in the UR go to UL drop down to LL and end with 32 LR
58
Permanent Teeth
| Palmer System
1-8 with quadrant designation
59
Permanent Teeth
| FDI/ISO System
1-4 for Quadrant 1-8 for tooth
| 1 UR, 2 UL, 3 LL, 4 LR
60
Anatomical Placement
| Anterior
Incisors and Canines
61
Anatomical Placement
| Posterior
Premolars and Molars
62
Sextant
| Molars, Premolars
1-5 Posterior (sextant 1 UR)
| 28-32 Posterior (sextant 4 LL)
63
Sextant
| Canines, Incisors
6-11 Anterior (sextant 2)
| 22-27 Anterior (sextant 5)
64
Sextant
| Premolars, Molars
12-16 Posterior (sextant 3 UL)
| 17-21 Posterior (sextant 6 LR)
65
D-A-Q-T System
| 1. Dentition
Primary VS Permanent
66
D-A-Q-T System
| 2. Arch
Maxillary VS Mandibular
67
D-A-Q-T System
| 3. Quadrant
Left VS Right
68
D-A-Q-T System
| 4. Tooth
Type and Class
(Canine there isn't a type because there is only 1 per quadrant)
(Incisor for the type would be central or lateral)
(premolars (1,2) and molars (1,2,3)
69
ISO
| Double Digit Organization
```
Oral Cavity
Arch
Quadrant
Sextant
Teeth
```
70
ISO
| Whole Mouth
00
71
ISO
| Maxillary Area
01
72
ISO
| Mandibular Area
02
73
ISO
| Upper Right Quadrant
10 (11-18) Start in Anterior teeth
74
ISO
| Upper Left Quadrant
20 (21-28) Start in Anterior teeth
75
ISO
| Lower Left Quadrant
30 (31-38) Start in Anterior teeth
76
ISO
| Lower Right Quadrant
40 (41-48) Start in Anterior teeth
77
ISO
Upper Right Sextant
Maxillary Arch
03 (Posterior)
78
ISO
Upper Anterior Sextant
Maxillary Arch
04 (Anterior)
79
ISO
Upper Left Sextant
Maxillary Arch
05 (Posterior)
80
ISO
| Lower Left Sextant
06 (Posterior)
81
ISO
| Lower Anterior Sextant
07 (Anterior)
82
ISO
| Lower Right Sextant
08 (Posterior)
83
Descriptive Traits
| Set Traits
Referring to the Dentition
Characteristics in primary and permanent dentitions (ex. enamel is thinner than in primary dentition than in the permanent dentition)
84
Descriptive Traits
| Arch Traits
Characteristic in Maxillary or Mandibular teeth (ex. maxillary molars have 3 roots and mandibular molars have 2 roots; contrast of arch traits
85
Descriptive Traits
| Class Traits
Place teeth in functional category
| -Incisors, Canine, Premolar, and Molar
86
Descriptive Traits
| Type Traits
Differentiate teeth with a class
| *NO type trait for a Canine
87
Thirds of Teeth/Roots
| Root Thirds
Apical, middle and cervical
88
Crown thirds
Cervical, middle, and occlusal/incisal
Incisal (anterior)
Occlusal (posterior)
89
Proximal Surface thirds
2 proximal surfaces touching each other
Labial (tongue)/buccal, middle and lingual
Labial (anterior - part toward the lips or face)
Buccal (posterior - toward the cheek)
Facial (anterior for the most part - toward the lips or face)
90
Direct view thirds
mesial, middle and distal
mesial (toward the midline)
distal (away from the midline)
91
Line Angles
Indicate where 2 surfaces meet or intersect on a tooth
posterior tooth
-buccal surface that faces the cheek
-occlusal on top of tooth
-occlusal and buccal surfaces meet we have the occlusal buccal lining
92
Point angles
Used to indicate where 3 surfaces meet or intersect
- facial surface
- distal surface
- incisal surface
- -called a distal incisal facial point angle
93
Terminology
| Root
core of a word
94
Terminology
| Combining vowel
usually "o"
95
Terminology
| Combining form
the above 2
| core of a word and usually "o"
96
Terminology
| Suffix
3 functions
97
Terminology
| Prefix
2 functions
98
C.
| Dent/o, Dent/i, Odont/o
Tooth
| ex. Dentist, Dentition, Orthodontist
99
C.
| Maxill/o
Upper Jaw
100
C.
| Mandibul/o
Lower Jaw
101
C.
| Gnath/o
Jaw (in general not specified to either one)
102
C.
| Or/o, Stomat/o
Mouth
103
C.
| Cheil/o, Labi/o
Lip
104
C.
| Lingu/o, Gloss/o
Tongue
105
C.
| Gingiv/o
Gingiva
106
C.
| Ment/o
Chin
107
C.
| Bucc/o
Cheek
108
C.
| Dentin/o
Dentin
109
C.
| Orth/o
Straight, straighten or correct
| ex orthodontist one who studies the straightening of teeth
110
C.
| Ped/o
Child
111
C.
| Prosth/e/o
To add
| ex. prothtodontist adding teeth
112
C.
| Palat/o
Palate
113
P.
| a-, an-
Without
114
P.
| anti-
Against
115
P.
| auto-
Self
116
P.
| dys-
Bad, painful, difficult
117
P.
| ecto-
Outside, outer
118
P.
| endo-
Inside, inner
119
P.
| epi-
Over, Upon
120
P.
| eu-
Good, well
121
P.
| ex-
From, out from, out of
122
P.
| extra
Outside of, beyone, in addition
123
P.
| hyper-
Above, excessive, more than normal
124
P.
| hypo-
Under, less than normal
125
P.
| peri-
Around
126
P.
| pre-, pro-
Before, in front of
127
P.
| semi-
Half
128
P.
| supra-, super-
Above, over, more than normal
129
S.
| -ia, -y
Condition, process
130
S.
| -ist
One who specializes in
131
S.
| -itis
Inflammation
132
S.
| -oma
Tumor, neoplasm
133
S.
| -or
One who
134
S.
| -osis
Abnormal Condition
135
S.
| --algia
Pain
136
S.
| -ology
The study of
137
S.
| -emia
Blood condition
138
S.
| -penia
Deficiency, lack of
139
S.
| -otomy
Incision
140
S.
| -ectomy
Excision
141
S.
| -ic, -al, -ac, -ar
Pertaining to
142
S.
| -ous
Pertaining to, containing
143
S.
| -oid
Resembling
144
S.
| -itic
Pertaining to inflammation
145
S.
| -itoid
Resembling inflammation
146
```
Dentist
Orthodontist
Periodontist
Gnathalgia
Gingivitis
Periodontitis
Odontoma
Cheilitis
Glossectomy
Endodontist
Dysmentitis
Cementoid
Anemia
Headache
```
.
147
Tooth Surface
Proximal (interproximal)
-Mesial
Toward the midline
148
Tooth Surface
Proximal (interproximal)
-Distal
Away from the midline
149
Tooth Surface
| Lingual
Facing the tongue
150
Tooth Surface
Occlusal/Incisal
-Posterior
Surface facing opposite arch -- chewing
151
Tooth Surface
Occlusal/Incisal
-Anterior
Surface facing opposite arch -- cutting
152
Tooth Surface
| Facial, Labial, Buccal
facing the lips or cheek
Facial and Labial (anterior)
Buccal (posterior)
153
Tooth Surface
| Cervical
near the CEJ
154
Tooth Surface
| Direct
"Center" of the surface
155
Surface Combinations
1st
NO proximal
Use proximal surface first when in combination
Then occlusal/incisal 1st in combination
drop "al" and place "o" in combination
156
3 Surface Combinations
1) Proximal
2) Occlusal/ Incisal
3) Facial/ Lingual
* With 2 proximal surfaces, mesial 1st
157
Tooth Morphology
| Cusp
Elevation on the tooth crown
only happen in the posterior
major elevation
158
Tooth Morphology
| Cingulum
Lingual Elevation
159
Tooth Morphology
| Ridge
Linear Elevation on tooth
160
Tooth Morphology
| Fossa
Shallow depression; concavity
161
Tooth Morphology
| Develpmental grooves
Separate lobes
162
Tooth Morophology
| Tubercule
small elevation of enamel on the crown
| smaller than a cusp
163
Bone Terminology
| Foramen
Short, window-like opening in bone
164
Bone Terminology
| Canal/ Meatus
Long, narrow opening in bone
165
Bone Terminology
| Fossa
Depression in bone
166
Bone Terminology
| Tuberosity
Large, rough prominence of bone
167
Bone Terminology
| Tubercle
Small elevation
168
Bone Terminology
| Process
Any prominence
169
Bone Terminology
| Sinus
Air-filled cavities in bone
170
Medial
Toward the midline
171
lateral
Away from the midline
172
Posterior
Back
173
Anterior
Front
174
Superior
Top
175
Inferior
Bottom
176
Dors-
Back
177
Ventr-
Belly
178
Caud-
Tail
179
Cephal-
Head
