terminology

Question 1

mitzvah

Answer 1

commandment (613 in torah)

Question 2

torah

Answer 2

instruction/guide - 5 books of Moses

Question 3

shabbat

Answer 3

sabbath, day of rest

Question 4

kosher

Answer 4

ritually fit (eg. of food)

Question 5

kashrut

Answer 5

regulations

Question 6

gemara

Answer 6

commentary on mishnah/component of talmud

Question 7

chukah

Answer 7

divinely ordained decree, sometimes unclear

Question 8

mishpat

Answer 8

law, self evident rationale

Question 9

moleh

Answer 9

trained circumciser

Question 10

brit milah

Answer 10

‘covenant of circumcision’

Question 11

merkabah

Answer 11

chariot (genre of Jewish mysticism)

Question 12

zugot

Answer 12

pairs

Question 13

midrash

Answer 13

genre of biblical interpretation

Question 14

shekinah

Answer 14

dwelling, presence

Question 15

hekhalot

Answer 15

palaces

Question 16

kabbalah

Answer 16

tradition, reception

Question 17

tzimtzum

Answer 17

constriction, process of creation

Question 18

sefirot

Answer 18

attributes, emanations

Question 19

a/ein sof

Answer 19

infinity/without end

Question 20

tzedakah

Answer 20

charity (hierarchy of selflessness)

Question 21

saoraim

Answer 21

reasoners

Question 22

mishnah

Answer 22

oral torah: codification of Jewish law/tradition

Question 23

kehillot

Answer 23

rights/powers of Jewish communities

Question 24

Bet Din

Answer 24

rabbinic court

Question 25

halakhah

Answer 25

collective body of laws

Question 26

talmud

Answer 26

the most significant collection of the Jewish oral tradition interpreting the Torah babylonian = more comprehensive than jerusalem

Question 27

oral torah (mishnah)

Answer 27

tradition explaining meaning/implication of scriptures and how to interpret/apply them

Question 28

gemara + mishnah

Answer 28

= talmud completed in 5th CE

Question 29

karaites

Answer 29

strict interpretation of written scripture, denying existence of oral torah

Question 30

synagogue (beit knesset)

Answer 30

greek root 'assembly'/house of worship

Question 31

shul

Answer 31

school/synagogue's role as a place of study