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Vascular 111 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Anechoic

A

Black, Producing few or No echoes, also referred to as Hypoechoic

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2
Q

Echoic

A

really bright, producing many or some echoes, also referred to as Echodense or Hyperechoic

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3
Q

acoustic shadow

A

artifact

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4
Q

alaising

A

the most common error associated with Doppler ultrasound. Alaising is a false identity resulting from high velocity blood flow; usually due to a fairly severe stenosis. Alaisong is also the Nyquist Limit.

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5
Q

Nyquist Limit

A

PRF / 2, Speed Limit

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6
Q

Heterogeneous

A

used to describe plaque, different consistencies/material (both soft and dense areas), more likely to have ulcerative activity than homogeneous plaque

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7
Q

homogeneous

A

used to describe plaque, one consistency

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8
Q

complex

A

different echoes (ages)

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9
Q

solid

A

echogenic filled structure

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10
Q

accreditation

A

provides public notification that a program or institution meets standards of quality set fourth by an accrediting agency. accreditation recognizes that the instittion or program is commited to self study and external review by ones peers in seeking not only to meet standards but to continue to seek ways to enhance the quality of education and training

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11
Q

the vascular program at baker is hoping to seek accreditation from whom

A

JRC DMS ( joint review commitee on education in diagnostic medical sonography)

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12
Q

why would the college want an accredited vascular program

A

because it shows that baker wants to continue learning new things everyday and that baker takes pride in their staff anf students

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13
Q

what types of testing can a vascular lab be accredited in

A

screening, non invasive procedures, peripheral arterial, peripheral venous, etc

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14
Q

whats important

A
  • patient care
  • communication
  • being professional
  • privacy
  • respectfulness
  • physics
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15
Q

why physics

A
  • it is important to understand the physics of sound waves so you can control it for optimal results
  • understanding different transducer types, frequencies and how to use them
  • the better understanding you have of how things work can only benefit your patients anf yourself in YOUR CAREER
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16
Q

artery

A

brings blood away from the heart

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17
Q

vein

A

brings blood toward the heart

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18
Q

transducer

A

is the ultrasound probe that can produce sound waveforms that bounce off the body tissues to create echoes which creates the ultrasound imaged

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19
Q

lumen

A

the space inside the vessel

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20
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a vessel

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21
Q

anechoic

A

without echoes, black

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22
Q

echogenic

A

a structure that reflects high frequency sound waves in which can be imaged by ultrasound, really bright, many or some echoes

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23
Q

antegrade

A

flow moving forward

24
Q

retrograde

A

flow moving backwards

25
Q

turbulent

A

edisturbed flow, suggestive of narrowing/stenosis, tortuous

26
Q

vasoconstriction

A

getting tight, a narrowing of the blood vessel as a result of muscle constriction on the vessel wall

27
Q

vasodialation

A

getting bigger, a widening of the blood vessels as a result of relaxing muscles near the vessel wall

28
Q

ankle brachial index

A

ankle blood pressure/brachial blood pressure = ABI

29
Q

supra systolic

A

(no #) vessels are non-compressible

hard vessels due to age

30
Q

toe brachial index TBI

A

.6 or higher is normal

31
Q

triphasic

A

3 clear sounds at each pulse beat (3 peaks)

32
Q

biphasic

A

2 clear sounds at each pulse beat (2 peaks)

33
Q

monophasic

A

1 sound at each pulse beat (abnormal)

34
Q

multiphasic

A

more than 1 sound at each pulse beat

35
Q

SVU

A

Society of Vascular Ultrasoun

quarterly journals with access to free CME’s. Annual fee to join, with discounted rates for students

36
Q

CME

A

Continuing Medical Education

37
Q

CCI

A

Cardio Vascular Credentialing website, becaome an RVS, Registered Vascular Specialist. Other credentials are offered as well

38
Q

ARDMS

A

`American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography, become an RVT, Register Vascular Technologist. other credentioal are offered as well

39
Q

IAC

A

website for labs, seeking accreditation, reaccreditation through the IAC program

40
Q

IAC

A

Intersocietal Accreditation Commision

41
Q

ultrasound

A

high frequency soundwaves bouncing off structures and blood to obtain images and flow signals

42
Q

transducer

A

any devise that changes energy from one form to another the transducer changes electrical energy into mechaincal vibrations of the crystals produciong ultrasound waves and also changes the echoes back into electrical energy to display an image

43
Q

beam

A

the ultrasound emitting from the transducer. it helps to picture this beam as it intersects the structures you want to image or as it intersects the moving blood as you produce Doppler signals

44
Q

plaque

A

atherosclerotic material that builds up on the walls of arteries causing most arterial problems

45
Q

2 basic problems associated with atherosclerotic plaque

A

hemodynamically significant lesions (which restrict flow) and thromboembolic plaque (which can send small clots into distal circulation)

46
Q

lumen

A

the space inside the vessel

47
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of the vessel

48
Q

bifurcation

A

the point at which vessels divide

49
Q

collateral circulation

A

alternate pathways of blood flow that becomes functional in the event of arterial or venous obstruction

50
Q

embolus

A

obstruction of a vessel. an object traveling through the circulation that may lodge in a vessel and cause occlusion

51
Q

hemodynamics

A

the study of blood flow characteristics. an understanding of normal or abnormal hemodynamics is neccessary to perform and interpret Doppler flow studies

52
Q

Doppler effect

A

a shift in frequency caused by motion. the frequency can be that of sound, ultrasound, or light waves.

53
Q

CW Doppler

A

an instrument that sends Doppler ulrtasound waves out continuously with one crystal and recieves the echoes continuously with another crystal. all flow that the beam intersects is processed. CW Doppler can be more sensitive then pulsed Doppler to low- velocity flow, and is not subject to alaising. only pulsed doppler can allow precise assessment of a specific vessel. in peripheral vascular studies, CW Doppler is used most often to assess arterial or venous flow with a pencil-type probe

54
Q

Pulsed Wave Doppler

A

doppler ultrasound sent out in discrete bursts, or pulses. The machine can process pulses from selected depths in order to listen to flow only at selected sites. This makes it possible to be accurate and selective about which vessels are being interrogated. because only so many pulses per second can be trasnmitted, recieved, and processed, however, there are upper limits (the nyquist limit) to the frequency shifts that can be processed normally

55
Q

Sample volume

A

The discrete area flow assessed with pulsed Doppler. Most scanners allow you to adjust the size of this sample volume, as well as its depth and location along the Doppler beam.

56
Q

Doppler angle

A

The angle of the Doppler beam with respect to the direction of blood flow; also called the angle of incidence, or angle theta from the Doppler equation. The optimal angle for vascular duplex scanning is usually considered to be 45 to 60 degrees angles greater than 60 degrees lead to significant errors in velocity measurement. Ninety degrees is the worst Doppler angle, since it gives little or no frequency shift. Zero degrees gives the maximnum possible frequency shift, but this is impractical in vascular work, since you usually have vessels that are more or less horizontal in the field of view - you can not get into the vessel without turning it into an invasive procedure. In theory you can eccept any angle that is less than 60 degrees right down to 0 degrees as long as you can align the angle-correct cursor with the directionof flow totell the scanner what angle theta is. The scanner thenconverts frequency shift into velocity

Vascular 111 (1 decks)

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