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Vascular 111 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Anechoic

A

Black, Producing few or No echoes, also referred to as Hypoechoic

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2
Q

Echoic

A

really bright, producing many or some echoes, also referred to as Echodense or Hyperechoic

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3
Q

acoustic shadow

A

artifact

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4
Q

alaising

A

the most common error associated with Doppler ultrasound. Alaising is a false identity resulting from high velocity blood flow; usually due to a fairly severe stenosis. Alaisong is also the Nyquist Limit.

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5
Q

Nyquist Limit

A

PRF / 2, Speed Limit

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6
Q

Heterogeneous

A

used to describe plaque, different consistencies/material (both soft and dense areas), more likely to have ulcerative activity than homogeneous plaque

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7
Q

homogeneous

A

used to describe plaque, one consistency

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8
Q

complex

A

different echoes (ages)

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9
Q

solid

A

echogenic filled structure

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10
Q

accreditation

A

provides public notification that a program or institution meets standards of quality set fourth by an accrediting agency. accreditation recognizes that the instittion or program is commited to self study and external review by ones peers in seeking not only to meet standards but to continue to seek ways to enhance the quality of education and training

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11
Q

the vascular program at baker is hoping to seek accreditation from whom

A

JRC DMS ( joint review commitee on education in diagnostic medical sonography)

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12
Q

why would the college want an accredited vascular program

A

because it shows that baker wants to continue learning new things everyday and that baker takes pride in their staff anf students

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13
Q

what types of testing can a vascular lab be accredited in

A

screening, non invasive procedures, peripheral arterial, peripheral venous, etc

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14
Q

whats important

A
  • patient care
  • communication
  • being professional
  • privacy
  • respectfulness
  • physics
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15
Q

why physics

A
  • it is important to understand the physics of sound waves so you can control it for optimal results
  • understanding different transducer types, frequencies and how to use them
  • the better understanding you have of how things work can only benefit your patients anf yourself in YOUR CAREER
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16
Q

artery

A

brings blood away from the heart

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17
Q

vein

A

brings blood toward the heart

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18
Q

transducer

A

is the ultrasound probe that can produce sound waveforms that bounce off the body tissues to create echoes which creates the ultrasound imaged

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19
Q

lumen

A

the space inside the vessel

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20
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a vessel

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21
Q

anechoic

A

without echoes, black

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22
Q

echogenic

A

a structure that reflects high frequency sound waves in which can be imaged by ultrasound, really bright, many or some echoes

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23
Q

antegrade

Study These Flashcards
A

flow moving forward

24
Q

retrograde

Study These Flashcards
A

flow moving backwards

25
turbulent
edisturbed flow, suggestive of narrowing/stenosis, tortuous
26
vasoconstriction
getting tight, a narrowing of the blood vessel as a result of muscle constriction on the vessel wall
27
vasodialation
getting bigger, a widening of the blood vessels as a result of relaxing muscles near the vessel wall
28
ankle brachial index
ankle blood pressure/brachial blood pressure = ABI
29
supra systolic
(no #) vessels are non-compressible | hard vessels due to age
30
toe brachial index TBI
.6 or higher is normal
31
triphasic
3 clear sounds at each pulse beat (3 peaks)
32
biphasic
2 clear sounds at each pulse beat (2 peaks)
33
monophasic
1 sound at each pulse beat (abnormal)
34
multiphasic
more than 1 sound at each pulse beat
35
SVU
Society of Vascular Ultrasoun | quarterly journals with access to free CME's. Annual fee to join, with discounted rates for students
36
CME
Continuing Medical Education
37
CCI
Cardio Vascular Credentialing website, becaome an RVS, Registered Vascular Specialist. Other credentials are offered as well
38
ARDMS
`American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography, become an RVT, Register Vascular Technologist. other credentioal are offered as well
39
IAC
website for labs, seeking accreditation, reaccreditation through the IAC program
40
IAC
Intersocietal Accreditation Commision
41
ultrasound
high frequency soundwaves bouncing off structures and blood to obtain images and flow signals
42
transducer
any devise that changes energy from one form to another the transducer changes electrical energy into mechaincal vibrations of the crystals produciong ultrasound waves and also changes the echoes back into electrical energy to display an image
43
beam
the ultrasound emitting from the transducer. it helps to picture this beam as it intersects the structures you want to image or as it intersects the moving blood as you produce Doppler signals
44
plaque
atherosclerotic material that builds up on the walls of arteries causing most arterial problems
45
2 basic problems associated with atherosclerotic plaque
hemodynamically significant lesions (which restrict flow) and thromboembolic plaque (which can send small clots into distal circulation)
46
lumen
the space inside the vessel
47
stenosis
narrowing of the vessel
48
bifurcation
the point at which vessels divide
49
collateral circulation
alternate pathways of blood flow that becomes functional in the event of arterial or venous obstruction
50
embolus
obstruction of a vessel. an object traveling through the circulation that may lodge in a vessel and cause occlusion
51
hemodynamics
the study of blood flow characteristics. an understanding of normal or abnormal hemodynamics is neccessary to perform and interpret Doppler flow studies
52
Doppler effect
a shift in frequency caused by motion. the frequency can be that of sound, ultrasound, or light waves.
53
CW Doppler
an instrument that sends Doppler ulrtasound waves out continuously with one crystal and recieves the echoes continuously with another crystal. all flow that the beam intersects is processed. CW Doppler can be more sensitive then pulsed Doppler to low- velocity flow, and is not subject to alaising. only pulsed doppler can allow precise assessment of a specific vessel. in peripheral vascular studies, CW Doppler is used most often to assess arterial or venous flow with a pencil-type probe
54
Pulsed Wave Doppler
doppler ultrasound sent out in discrete bursts, or pulses. The machine can process pulses from selected depths in order to listen to flow only at selected sites. This makes it possible to be accurate and selective about which vessels are being interrogated. because only so many pulses per second can be trasnmitted, recieved, and processed, however, there are upper limits (the nyquist limit) to the frequency shifts that can be processed normally
55
Sample volume
The discrete area flow assessed with pulsed Doppler. Most scanners allow you to adjust the size of this sample volume, as well as its depth and location along the Doppler beam.
56
Doppler angle
The angle of the Doppler beam with respect to the direction of blood flow; also called the angle of incidence, or angle theta from the Doppler equation. The optimal angle for vascular duplex scanning is usually considered to be 45 to 60 degrees angles greater than 60 degrees lead to significant errors in velocity measurement. Ninety degrees is the worst Doppler angle, since it gives little or no frequency shift. Zero degrees gives the maximnum possible frequency shift, but this is impractical in vascular work, since you usually have vessels that are more or less horizontal in the field of view - you can not get into the vessel without turning it into an invasive procedure. In theory you can eccept any angle that is less than 60 degrees right down to 0 degrees as long as you can align the angle-correct cursor with the directionof flow totell the scanner what angle theta is. The scanner thenconverts frequency shift into velocity

Vascular 111 (1 decks)

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