Terminology (Food and Nutrition) Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are antibodies?
Proteins that the body produces to fight diseases.
What is a balanced diet?
A diet that provides the correct amount of nutrients for the needs of an individual.
A diet containing sufficient quantities of essential nutrients from all basic food groups that a person needs for healthy growth.
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
The rate at which energy is used for the activities when the body is completely at rest and not moving about.
What does deficiency mean?
Not enough of something.
What are enzymes?
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
What is food contamination?
The presence in food of harmful micro-organisms and chemicals that can cause illness.
What is food enrichment?
When essential nutrients are added to food for the purpose of adding nutritional value to the food.
What is food fortification?
When essential nutrients are added to levels higher than those naturally found in the food.
What are hormones?
The body’s chemical messengers and metabolic regulators.
What are macronutrients?
Nutrients that the body needs in large quantities to provide energy when oxidised such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
What are micronutrients?
Nutrients that the body needs in small quantities for growth, maintenance, and reproduction such as minerals and vitamins.
What are nutrients?
Substances in food that provide energy, allow for growth, and the normal functioning of the body.
What is nutrition?
The way food and nutrients are ingested by the body, absorbed and used for energy, growth, and a healthy body.
What is optimal growth?
The most favourable conditions for growth.
What is the recommended daily allowance (RDA)?
The minimum daily intake of the nutrient for an individual that is necessary to prevent deficiency diseases.
What are supplements?
Something that is added to make up for a deficiency.
What is stunted growth?
Growth rate that is retarded.
What is oedema?
Swelling under the skin.
Abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin that produces swelling.
What is metabolism?
The process in which the body changes food into energy.
What is satiety value?
How full or satisfied you feel after a meal.
What is toxicity?
The degree to which something is poisonous.
What does pathogenic mean?
Causing disease.
What is dementia?
An illness that affects the brain and the memory.
What is exclusive breastfeeding?
Breastfeeding and not giving the baby any other form of food.
