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Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Carcinoid Syndrome

Symptoms / mnemonic

A

B FDR

Bronchospasm
Flushing
Diarrhea
Right sided heart failure

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2
Q

HITT syndrome

A

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenic Thrombosis

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3
Q

What causes Red Man Syndrome

A

Vancomycin

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4
Q

Trousseau’s syndrome

A

Syndrome of DVT associated with carcinoma

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5
Q

What electrolyte deficiency causes ileus

A

Hypokalemia

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6
Q

MCC of transfusion related death

A

Error in typing

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7
Q

Two types of pickups

A

DeBakey

Adson

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8
Q

Which pickups has teeth?

A

Adson

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9
Q

Difference between Mayo and Iris scissors

A

Iris: smaller and sharper point

Mayo: thicker and more dull point

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10
Q

What does a Kelly clamp look like?

A

Longer, thin, curved tip

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11
Q

What does a Babcock clamp look like?

A

Small, triangular tip

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12
Q

Which clamp is best for fascia / “heavy” tissue?

A

Kocher

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13
Q

What does an Allis clamp look like?

A

Has teeth at the end of its longer neck

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14
Q

Name of most common suction tip

A

Yankaur

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15
Q

The “sweetheart” retractor with the heart shaped end is aka what?

A

Harrington

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16
Q

What are the 5 types of retractors?

A

Deaver

Harrington aka Sweetheart

Army-Navy

Richardson / RICH

malleable

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17
Q

What are the 2 types of catgut sutures?

A

Chromic and Plain

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18
Q

Difference between chromic gut and plain gut?

A

Chromic gut is more resistant to breakdown by the body

due to being treated with chromium salts

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19
Q

What type of sutures are braided?

A

Vicryl

Silk PDS

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20
Q

Are Vicryl sutures absorbable?

A

Yes

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21
Q

How much of a Vicryl suture’s strength is retained at 2 and 4 weeks?

A

2 weeks = 60%

4 weeks = 8%

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22
Q

Are PDS sutures absorbable?

A

Yes

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23
Q

Are catgut sutures absorbable?

A

No

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24
Q

How long for complete absorption of PDS sutures?

A

6 months

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25
What are the non absorbable sutures?
Silk Nylon Prolene Catguts
26
What suture is the “fishing line” suture
Nylon
27
What is healing by tertiary intention?
Wound left open for a time, closed later Aka Delayed primary
28
What is a retention suture?
Large suture (i.e. #2) that is full thickness thru entire abdominal wall except for the peritoneum Used to buttress an abdominal would at risk for dehiscence and evisceration
29
How many days until abdominal sutures should be removed?
7 days
30
What patient population should sutures be left in longer?
On steroids
31
Where is a Pfannenstiel incision?
Low transverse abdominal Rectus abdominus is retracted laterally
32
When does third spacing tend to resolve?
POD 3
33
Classic signs of third spacing
Tachycardia | Decreased urine output
34
Classic acid-base finding with significant vomiting / NG?
Hypokalemic and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
35
Maintenance IV fluids equation
4 mL/kg for first 10kg 2 mL/kg for next 10kg 1mL/kg for every kg left
36
Most common adult maintenance IVF
D5 1/2 NS with 20 mEq KCl/L
37
Minimum urine output for adults on maintenance IVF
30 mL/hour or 0.5cc/kg/hr
38
Normal K+ range and critical high
3.5 to 5 Critical >6.5
39
Acronym for treatment of acute symptomatic kyperkalemia
CB DIAL K Calcium Bicarb Dialysis Insulin or dextrose Albuterol Lasix Kayexalate
40
Which do you replace first? Mg or K+
MAG
41
Major consequence of lowering hypernatremia too fast?
Seizures from cerebral edema
42
Major consequence of raising hyponatremia too fast?
Central pontine myelinolysis
43
Symptoms of hypercalcemia
Stones, bones, groans, psychiatric overtones
44
One unit RBCs raises Hematocrit by how much?
~3 to 4%
45
What electrolyte is most likely to fall with the infusion of stored blood?
Ionized Ca2+
46
What should platelet count be pre op?
>50,000
47
When should prophylactic platelet transfusion be given?
<10,000
48
What type of fluid is infused with PRBCs?
NS only
49
What should you do for hemolytic infusions reaction?
1. STOP the transfusion 2. Give fluids 3. Give Lasix 4. Give Bicarb 5. Pressors PRN
50
What is in Zosyn?
Piperacillin and Tazobactam
51
What is in Unasyn?
Ampicillin and Sulbactam
52
3rd gen cephalosporin with strong anti-pseudomonal activity
Ceftazidime
53
Preop stress dose for steroids
100mg hydrocortisone IV q 8 hours with a taper
54
What reverses heparin?
Protamine in 1:100 ratio
55
Med to help with promethazine-induced dystonia?
Benadryl
56
Inpatient, should cipro be given IV or PO to a pt with regular diet?
PO — cheaper, easier, good bioavailability
57
MOST COMMON CAUSE POST OP FEVER DURING POD DAYS 1 AND 2
ATELECTASIS
58
What pt population should you be careful giving supplemental O2 to?
COPD Can reduce respiratory drive
59
Virchow’s triad
Stasis Endothelial injury Hypercoagulable state
60
CXR finding for PE?
Westermark sign Wedge-shaped area of decreased vasculature resulting in hyperlucency
61
Oliguria parameters
50 to 400 cc daily urine output
62
Anuria parameters
<50cc urine output daily
63
You get paged your post op pt is hypotensive suddenly. WYD
Examine for possible causes (PE, bleeding, pneumothorax, tamponade, meds, sepsis) Look for hypoxia, heart sounds/bowl sounds Do: fluid bolus, order CXR, EKG, O2, CBC/CMP/ABGs/T&C as needed
64
Common causes of post op HTN
Pain, anxiety, hypercapnea/hypoxia, urinary retention
65
5 types of shock
1. Hypovolemic 2. Septic 3. Cardiogenic 4. Neurogenic 5. Anaphylactic
66
What are the 2 best indicators of tissue perfusion?
Urine output Mental status
67
EARLY signs of hypovolemic shock
Orthostatic hypotension Diaphoresis and anxiety Decreased pulse pressure from increased diastolic BP
68
Why the decreased pulse pressure with early hypovolemic shock?
Vasoconstriction results in elevated diastolic BP which lowers the PP
69
Most common vital sign change in early hypovolemic shock
Tachycardia
70
What constitutes septic shock?
Documented bacterial infection + hypotension
71
What is SIRS
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, leukocytosis
72
On what POD can you scan for a peritoneal abscess and why?
POD #7 Earlier and the abscess will look like normal post op fluid collection
73
POD #1, has fever and wound infection. What Organism?
Strep Or clostridium
74
5 Classic Ws of post op fevers
1. Wind - atelectasis 2. Water - UTI 3. Wound - infection 4. Walking - DVT/PE/thrombophlebitis 5. Wonder drugs - drug fever
75
5 Ws and the timeframe they present with fevers
1. Wind - POD #1-2 2. Water - POD #3+ 3. Wound - POD #5 (can be anytime really) 4. Walking - POD #7-10 5. Wonder drugs - any time
76
What to order for post op fever workup
Physical exam CXR, CBC, UA, Cultures
77
Post op fever causes <24 hours post op
Atelectasis, strep or clostridium infection, cytokines release, anastomotic leak

Surg Recall (1 decks)

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