terms Flashcards
(317 cards)
1
Q
Abdominal anatomical regions
A
Two systems of nomenclature employed for designating portions of the abdomen, which include a 9-region plan and a 4-region plan.
2
Q
Abrasion
A
antemortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis
3
Q
Abut
A
to bluntly adjoin another structure; for example, the line of eye closure
4
Q
Accessory chemical
A
a group of chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) and cavity embalming fluids; most are applied to the body surface
5
Q
Action level/AL (Exposure Limits)
A
Concentration of 0.5 ppm of formaldehyde calculated as an 8-hour TWA concentration as defined by OSHA.
6
Q
Active dye
A
agent that will impart permanent color to tissues
7
Q
Actual pressure
A
pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tube is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body
8
Q
Adipocere(grave wax)
A
wax-like material produced by saponification of body fat in a body buried in alkaline soil.
9
Q
Aerobic
A
the presence of free oxygen
10
Q
Aerosolization
A
dispersed minute particles of blood and water that become atomized and suspended in air
11
Q
Agglutination
A
increased viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels
12
Q
Agonal algor
A
decrease in body temperature immediately before death
13
Q
Agonal coagulation
A
change from a fluid into a thickened mass of blood immediately before death
14
Q
Agonal dehydration
A
loss of moisture immediately before death
15
Q
Agonal edema
A
escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately before death
16
Q
Agonal fever
A
increase in body temperature immediately before death
17
Q
Agonal
A
a period of time immediately before death
18
Q
Agonal translocation
A
redistribution of endemic microflora on a host-wide basis immediately before death
19
Q
Algor mortis
A
postmortem cooling of the body to the ambient temperature
20
Q
Alternate drainage
A
method of injection and drainage in which embalming solution is injected and then injection is stopped while drainage is opened
21
Q
Amino acid
A
building block of protein
22
Q
Anaerobic
A
the absence of free oxygen
23
Q
Anasarca
A
generalized edema in subcutaneous tissue
24
Q
Anatomical guide
A
locating arteries and veins by means of identifiable anatomical structures
25
Anatomical limits
adjacent structures used to designate the boundaries of arteries
26
Anatomical position
describing body parts in which the body is erect, feet together, palms forward, and thumbs are pointed away
27
Aneurysm
localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel resulting in a weakness of the vessel
28
Aneurysm hook
embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and raising vessels
29
Aneurysm needle
embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection with an eye in the hook portion of the instrument for placing ligatures around raised vessels
30
Angular spring forceps
drainage instrument designed for the removal of venous blood clot
31
Anomaly
deviation from the normal
32
Antecubital fossa
triangular depression in front of the bend of the elbow.3
33
Antemortem
before death
34
Antemortem subcutaneous emphysema
distension of the tissues beneath the skin by gas or air from a puncture or tear in the pleural sac or the lung tissue
35
Anterior
anatomical term of position and direction denoting the front or forward part
36
Anterior superior iliac spine
a palpable bonyprotuberance located on the ilium
37
Anticoagulant
ingredient of embalming fluid that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become viscous and prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals.
38
Apparent death
condition in which the manifestations of life are feebly maintained
39
Arterial embalming(vascular embalming)
the use of the blood vascular system of the body for temporary preservation, disinfection and restoration; accomplished through injection of embalming solutions into the arteries and drainage from the veins
40
Arterial fluid
concentrated preservative embalming chemical for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming
41
Arterial solution
mixture of arterial fluid and water used for arterial injection and may include supplemental fluids
42
Arterial tube
instrument used to inject embalming fluid into the vascular system
43
Arteriosclerosis
disease of the arteries resulting in thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls
44
Articulation
juncture between two or more bones or cartilage
45
Ascites
accumulation of serous fluids in the peritoneal (abdominal) cavity
46
Asepsis
freedom from infection and from any form of life; sterility.
47
Asphyxia
death beginning in the lungs due to an insufficient intake of oxygen
48
Aspiration
removal of gas, fluids, and semi-solids from body cavities and hollow viscera by means of suction with an aspirator and a trocar
49
Atheroma
fatty degeneration or thickening of the walls of the larger arteries occurring in atherosclerosis.
50
Autoclave
apparatus used for sterilization by steam pressure
51
Autolysis
self-destruction of cells; decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of their own formation without microbial assistance
52
Autolytic enzyme
the body’s own digestive enzymes capable of destroying body cells
53
Autopsy
postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition
54
Bactericide
Substance used to destroy bacteria
55
Biohazard
biological agent or situation that constitutes a hazard to humans
56
Biohazardous waste
any potentially infective, contaminated waste that constitutes a hazard to humans in the workplace.
57
Biological death
irreversible somatic death
58
Bischloromethyl ether/BCME
a carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other
59
Bleach(Sodium hypochlorite)
chlorine-containing compound used for disinfection of inorganic/inanimate surfaces
60
Bleaching agent
chemical used to lighten a skin discoloration
61
Bloodborne pathogen
microorganism present in human blood that can cause disease in humans
62
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
OSHA mandate (29 CFR 1910.1030) regulating the employee's exposure to blood and other body fluids.
63
Blood discoloration
changes in blood composition, content, or location, either intravascularly or extravascularly
64
Blood vascular system
circulatory network composed of the heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.
65
Blunt dissection
utilizing manual techniques or round-ended instruments that separate rather than cut the superficial fascia surrounding blood vessels.
66
Boil (Furuncle)
acute, deep-seated inflammation in the skin, begins as a subcutaneous swelling in a hair follicle
67
Bridge suture (Interrupted suture)
temporary suture consisting of individual stitches employed to sustain the proper position of tissues.
68
Buffer
substance capable of neutralizing acids and bases to maintain a constant pH
69
Bulb syringe
self-contained manual pump made from soft rubber designed to create pressure to deliver arterial fluid as it passes through one-way valves located within the bulb.
70
Cadaver
dead human body used for medical purposes
71
Cadaveric lividity(Livor mortis)
intravascular red-blue discoloration resulting from postmortem hypostasis of blood
72
Cadaveric spasm(Instantaneous rigor)
immediate stiffening of the muscles of a dead human body
73
Calvarium
superior portion of the cranium removed during cranial autopsy
74
Calvarium clamp
device used to reattach the calvarium to the cranium after a cranial autopsy
75
Canalization
ormation of new channels in a tissue.
76
Capillary
semi-permeable minute blood vessels allowing for the diffusion of arterial embalming fluid
77
Carbohydrate
compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen that is an aldehyde or ketone derivative of a polyhydroxy alcohol.
78
Carbuncle
circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that ends in suppuration and is accompanied by systemic symptoms
79
Carcinogen
A cancer-causing chemical or material
80
Case analysis (Embalming analysis)
evaluation of the dead body prior to, during, and after the embalming procedure is completed
81
Cavity embalming
direct treatment of the contents of the body cavities and the lumina of the hollow viscera; aspiration and injection of chemicals using a trocar
82
Cavity fluid
concentrated embalming chemical injected into the cavities of the body following the aspiration of the body; can also be used in hypodermic and surface embalming
83
Cellular death
death of the individual cells of the body
84
Center ofarterial solution distribution
ascending aorta and/or arch of the aorta
85
Center of venous drainage
right atrium of the heart
86
Centrifugal force machine
embalming machine that uses an electrical pump to create pulsating and non-pulsating pressure
87
Chelate
substance used as ananticoagulant in embalming solutions that binds metallic ions
88
Chemotherapy
application of chemical agents in the treatment of disease in humans, primarily cancer, causing an elevated preservative demand
89
Clinical death
phase of somatic death lasting from 5-6 minutes during which life may be restored
90
Closed drainage system
procedure that limits exposure to drainage by attaching tubing to a drain tube allowing drainage to flow directly from a vein into a sanitary disposal system
91
Coagulating agent
chemical or physical agent that brings about coagulation
92
Co-injection fluid
primarily used to supplement and enhance the action of vascular (arterial) solutions
93
Coma
death beginning at the brain due to irreversible cessation of brain activity and loss of consciousness
94
Communicable disease
disease that may be transmitted either directly or indirectly between individuals by an infectious agent
95
Concurrent disinfection
disinfection carried out during the embalming process.
96
Concurrent drainage
occurs continuously during vascular injection
97
Condyle
rounded articular process on a bone
98
Contaminated laundry
laundry that has been soiled with blood or other potentially infectious materials
99
Contaminated sharps
any contaminated object that can penetrate the skin including, needles, scalpels, broken glass, and exposed ends of wires
100
Cornea
transparent part of the tunic of the eyeball that covers the iris and pupil and admits light into the interior
101
Corneal sclera button
portion of the cornea recovered for transplantation in situ
102
Coroner
elected or appointed official of a local community who may or may not have medical training and holds inquests concerning sudden, violent, and unexplained deaths
103
Cosmetic fluid
arterial fluid that contains active dyes intended to restore a more natural skin tone
104
Counterstaining
technique using active dye in an attempt to cover internal discolorations such as jaundice
105
Crepitation
crackling sensation produced when gases trapped in tissues are palpated, as in subcutaneous emphysema or tissue gas
106
Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease/CJD
rare degenerative disease of the brain with unknown etiology caused by a prion
107
Cribriform plate
thin, medial portion of the ethmoid bone of the skull used as a point of entry for cranial aspiration
108
Death
irreversible cessation of all vital functions
109
Death rattle
noise made by a moribund person caused by air passing through a residue of mucous in the trachea and posterior oral cavity
110
Death struggle
semi-convulsive twitches that often occur before death.
111
Decay
decomposition of proteins by enzymes of aerobic bacteria
112
Decedent care report
documentation of body conditions and subsequent treatments when sheltering, or preparing a body for visual identification prior to cremation; or for a body received from another facility.
113
Decomposition
separation of compounds into simpler substances by the action of microbial and/or autolytic enzymes
114
Dehydration
loss of moisture from body tissue, which may occur antemortem or postmortem; the removal of water from a substance
115
Desiccation
extreme dehydration often resulting in post-embalming discolorations.
116
Desquamation (Skin-slip)
separation of the epidermis from the underlying dermis as a result of putrefaction
117
Dialysis
separation of substances in solution on the basis of differences in their ability to pass through a semipermeable membrane.
118
Differential pressure
difference between potential and actual pressure
119
Discoloration
any abnormal color in or upon the human body
120
Disease
any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of a body part, organ, or system.
121
Disinfectant
an agent, usually chemical, applied to inanimate objects/surfaces to destroy most disease-causing microbial agents, excluding bacterial spores
122
Disinfection
destruction and/or inhibition of most pathogenic organisms and their products in or on the body
123
Drain tube
drainage instrument used to aid the removal of venous blood
124
Drainage
removal of blood, blood clots, interstitial and lymphatic fluid, and arterial solution during vascular embalming, usually through a vein
125
Drench shower
OSHA-required safety device for a release of a copious amount of water in a short time
126
Dry gangrene(Ischemic necrosis)
necrosis resulting from localized deprivation of arterial blood supply
127
Ecchymosis
bruising discoloration of the skin caused by the escape of blood into the extravascular tissues
128
Edema
abnormal accumulation of fluids in tissues or body cavities
129
Electric aspirator
device that uses a motor to create suction for the purpose of aspiration
130
Electric spatula(Tissue reducer)
electrically-heated blade which may be used to dry moist tissue, reduce swollen tissue, and restore contour to natural form
131
Embalming
process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of microorganisms, to temporarily inhibit organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance
132
Embalming report
detailed listing of body conditions and treatments performed by funeral personnel for all bodies received into a facility for preparation
133
Engineering controls
mechanical systems and devices of a facility designed to minimize exposure to occupational hazards
134
Enzyme
organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition
135
Excision
to remove as by cutting out; the area from which tissue has been removed
136
Exposure incident
specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee's duties
137
Exsanguination
loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained
138
Extravascular
outside the blood vascular system.
139
Extrinsic
from outside the body
140
Eye enucleation
emoval of the eye for tissue transplantation, research and education
141
Eyecap
a thin, dome-like plastic shell placed beneath eyelids to restore natural curvature and to maintain the position of posed eyelids
142
Eyewash station
OSHA-required emergency safety device providing a steady stream of water for flushing the eye
143
Fatty acid
product of decomposition of fats
144
Febrile
characterized by a high fever, causing dehydration of the body
145
Fermentation
the microbial (enzymatic) decomposition of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions
146
Fever blister
lesion of the mucous membrane of the lip or mouth.
147
Firming
rigidity of tissue due to chemical reaction
148
Fixation
act of making tissue rigid as a result of protein solidification
149
Fixative
agent employed in the preparation of tissues for the purpose of maintaining the existing form of the structure
150
Formaldehyde/HCHO
colorless, strong-smelling gas that when used in solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant; a known carcinogen
151
Formaldehyde demand(Preservative demand)
amount of formaldehyde required to effectively preserve remains
152
Formaldehyde gray
gray discoloration of the body caused by the reaction of formaldehyde with hemoglobin to form methyl hemoglobin
153
Formaldehyde Rule
OSHA (29 CFR 1910.1048) regulation limiting the amount of 1occupational exposure to formaldehyde
154
Gangrene
death of body tissues due to deficient or absent blood supply
155
Gas gangrene
antemortem form of gangrene, associated with anaerobic gas forming bacilli, most commonly,Clostridium perfringens
156
Gravity filtration
extravascular settling of preservative fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body
157
Gravity injector
apparatus used to inject arterial fluid; relies on gravity to create the pressure required to deliver the fluid
158
Gray (Gy)
derived unit that measures a dose of absorbed radiation
159
Groove director
instrument used to guide drainage devices into veins
160
Hand pump
used to create either pressure for injection or vacuum for aspiration
161
Hardening compound
chemical in powder form that has the ability to absorb moisture and/or preserve tissue; used in cavity treatment of autopsied cases
162
Hazard Communication Standard
OSHA regulation that deals with identifying and limiting exposure to hazardous chemicals within the workplace
163
Hazardous material
agent exposing one to risk
164
Hematoma
tumor like swelling of blood
165
Heme
the red pigment of the hemoglobin
166
Hemoglobin
iron-containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells
167
Hemolysis
destruction of red blood cells that releases heme
168
Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver.
169
Hepatitis B virus/HBV
infectious bloodborne virus
170
High-index fluid
special arterial fluid with a high HCHO content
171
Human remains
body of a deceased person, including cremated remains
172
Humectant(Restorative fluid)
chemical that increases the capability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture
173
Hydroaspirator
apparatus that utilizes a water supply to create suction and is used to aspirate the contents of the body's cavities
174
Hydrocele
abnormal accumulation of fluids in the scrotal sac
175
Hydrocephalus
abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain
176
Hydrolysis
decomposition with water as one of the reactants
177
Hydropericardium
abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac
178
Hydrothorax
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity
179
Hygroscopic
readily absorbing moisture
180
Hypertonic
solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
181
Hypodermic injection
injection of embalming chemicals directly into the tissues through the use of a syringe and needle or a trocar
182
Hypostasis
process of blood and/or other fluids settling to the dependent portions of the body that can occur in the antemortem, agonal, or postmortem period
183
Hypotonic
solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared
184
Imbibition
swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture from adjacent sources
185
Inactive dye
agent that will not impart permanent color to tissues; generally used to impart color to a chemical
186
Incision
a clean cut into tissue or skin made with a scalpel to access arteries and veins
187
Index
strength of embalming fluids indicated by the number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100 ml of solution; usually refers to a percentage
188
Infant
a child less than one year of age
189
Infectious disease
condition caused by the growth of a pathogenic microorganism in the body
190
Inferior
anatomical term of position and direction denoting towards the feet or underlying structure
191
Inguinal ligament
anatomical structure forming the base of the femoral triangle; extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle
192
Injection
act or instance of forcing a fluid into the vascular system or directly into tissues
193
Injection pressure
amount of pressure produced by an injection device to overcome initial intravascular and/or extravascular resistance on or within the vascular system
194
Intercellular
between the cells of a structure
195
Intercostal space
space between the ribs
196
Intermittent drainage (Restricted drainage)
method of drainage in which the drainage is stopped at intervals while the injection continues
197
Interstitial fluid
substance in the supporting connective tissues surrounding body cells
198
Intracellular fluid
protoplasmic substance inside body cells
199
Intravascular
within the blood vascular system
200
Intravascular pressure
force created as the flow of embalming solution is established and the arterial walls expand and contract, resulting in filling of the capillary beds and development of pressure filtration.
201
Intrinsic
from within the body
202
Isotonic
solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute as the solution to which it is compared
203
Jaundice
condition characterized by excessive concentrations of bilirubin in the skin and tissues, cornea, body fluids, and mucous membranes with a resulting yellow appearance.
204
Jaundice fluid
low-formaldehyde arterial fluid with bleaching and coloring qualities for use on bodies with jaundice
205
Laceration
wound characterized by irregular tearing of tissue
206
Larvicide
substance used to kill insect larvae
207
Lateral
anatomical term of position and direction denoting away from the midline
208
Lesion
abnormal change involving any tissue or organ due to disease or injury
209
Ligate
to tie off any vessel or structure upon completion of embalming
210
Linear guide
line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper-lying structure
211
Lipolysis
decomposition of fats
212
Lumen
cavity or opening of a hollow structure
213
Lysin
hydrolytic enzyme that acts destructively upon cells and tissues
214
Lysosome
organelle within but separate from a cell containing hydrolytic enzymes that break down proteins and certain carbohydrates
215
Maggot
insect larva; especially flies
216
Masking agent (Perfuming agent)
chemical found in arterial fluid having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one
217
Massage
manipulation of tissue in the course of preparation of the body
218
Medial
anatomical term of position and direction denoting toward the midline
219
Medical examiner
elected or appointed official of a local community, with a medical degree, who holds inquests concerning sudden, violent, and unexplained deaths
220
Microorganism
a microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus
221
Microbial enzyme
he enzymes of microorganisms; a source of the enzymes that contribute to decomposition
222
Modifying agent
chemical within the arterial fluid to deal with varying demands predicated upon the condition of the deceased, the environment, and the preservative to be used
223
Moist gangrene
necrotic tissue resulting from inadequate venous drainage accompanied by the invasion of saprophytic bacteria
224
Mold preventative
agent which prohibit the growth of mold
225
Moribund
in a dying state; in the agonal period
226
Mortuary putty
pliable compound to fix or fill
227
Mouth former
feature-setting device placed in the mouth to provide shape and contour to the lips
228
Multi-point injection
vascular injection from two or more sites
229
Nasal tube aspirator
instrument used to aspirate the throat by means of the nostrils
230
Necrobiosis
antemortem, physiological death of the cells of the body followed by their replacement
231
Necrosis
pathological death of a tissue still a part of the living organism
232
Needle injector
feature-setting device used for mouth closure designed to implant metal pins into bone
233
Nephritis
inflammation of the kidneys that can cause an increase in nitrogenous waste
234
Nitrogenous waste
metabolic by-products such as urea and uric acid that contain nitrogen, and tend to neutralize formaldehyde
235
Non-cosmetic fluid
arterial fluid which does not contain active dyes and will not impart a color change upon the body tissues
236
Occupational exposure
reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral, contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of a worker's duties.
237
One-point injection
injection and drainage from one location
238
Osmosis
passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser concentration to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane; primary mechanism by which preservation occurs
239
Packing forceps
embalming instrument used to fill the external orifices of the body with an absorbent material
240
Palpate
to examine by touch
241
Parenteral
introduced into body by piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts and abrasions
242
Petechia
antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discoloration visible as purplish hemorrhages on the skin
243
Pharmaceutical agent
drug or medicine that changes the biochemistry of the blood
244
Pitting edema
interstitial spaces contain such excessive amounts of fluid that the skin remains depressed after palpation
245
Plastic garments
used to contain leakage and manage odors; different types include pants, coveralls, stockings, sleeves, Capri pants, and unionalls
246
Positioning device
equipment used to position the body before, during, and after decedent care
247
Posterior
position and direction denoting toward the back
248
Postmortem
period that begins after somatic death
249
Postmortem caloricity
rise in body temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism
250
Postmortem chemical change
change in the body's chemical composition that occurs after death
251
Postmortem physical change
forces of nature that act on the body to alter the physical state of the body or tissues after death
252
Postmortem stain
extravascular discoloration that occurs when heme seeps through the vessel walls and into the body tissues
253
Potential pressure
pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the embalming machine is running and the rate of flow is closed
254
Preparation room
area or facility wherein embalming, dressing, cosmetizing, or general decedent care is performed
255
Preservative
a chemical that inactivates saprophytic bacteria and attempts to arrest decomposition by converting body tissue to a form less susceptible to decomposition
256
Preservative powder
chemical in powder form typically used for surface embalming of the remains
257
Pressure filtration
passive transport system enabling the passage of arterial solution from the capillary to the tissue fluid
258
Primary dilution
strength of the arterial solution mixed in the embalming machine
259
Primary disinfection
disinfection carried out prior to the embalming process
260
Procurement
the recovery of organs or tissues from a cadaver for transplantation
261
Protein
biochemical compound that is a polymer of many amino acids
262
Proteolysis
decomposition of proteins
263
Ptomaine
any one of a group of nitrogenous organic compounds formed by the action of putrefactive bacteria on proteins
264
Pubic symphysis
fibrocartilage that joins the two pubic bones in the median plane
265
Purge
postmortem evacuation of any substance from anexternal orifice of the body as a result of pressure
266
Pus
liquid product of inflammation
267
Putrefaction
decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria
268
Rate of flow
speed at which solution is injected; measured in ounces per minute
269
Razor burn
a darkened, air-dried area on the skin resulting from removal of the epidermis while shaving
270
Reaspiration
repeated aspiration of a cavity
271
Restoration
treatment of the deceased in the attempt to recreate natural form and color
272
Restricted cervical injection
method of injection wherein both common carotid arteries are initially raised to control entry of arterial solution into the head
273
Rigor mortis
postmortem stiffening of the body muscles by natural body processes
274
Saccharolysis
decomposition of sugars
275
Sanitation
process to promote and establish conditions which minimize or eliminate biohazards
276
Saponification
conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere or grave wax
277
Saprophytic bacteria
bacteria that derive their nutrition from dead organic matter
278
Scalpel
general embalming instrument used to make incisions and excisions
279
Sealing agent
material used to provide a barrier or seal against leakage of fluid or blood
280
Secondary dilution
weakening of the strength of the arterial solution by vascular and interstitial fluids
281
Septicemia
condition characterized by the presence of bacteria in the blood
282
Sequestering agent
chemical agent that isolates metal ions so they cannot adversely react with blood or water
283
Sharps container
OSHA-required, puncture-resistant, leak-proof receptacle for proper disposal of sharp objects
284
Shell embalming
vascular embalming in which only the skin and superficial portions of the body receive arterial solution
285
Solute
a substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution; the component of a solution present in a lesser amount
286
Solution
a homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (solutes) dissolved in a sufficient quantity of solvent
287
Solution diffusion (arterial solution diffusion)
passage of some components of the injected 16arterial solution from an intravascular to an extravascular location; movement of the arterial 17solution from the capillaries into the interstitial fluids and subsequently the cells
288
Solutiondistribution (arterial solution distribution)
movement of solution from the point of injection throughout the arterial system and into the capillaries.
289
Solvent
a substance that does the dissolving in a solution; the component of a solution present in a greater amount
290
Somatic death
death of the organism as a whole
291
Split injection
injection from one site and drainage from a separate site
292
Sterilization
a process of completely removing or destroying all life forms and/or their products on or in a substance
293
Stillborn
dead at birth
294
Subcutaneous
situated or occurring beneath the skin
295
Superficial
anatomical term of position and direction denoting near the surface
296
Superior
anatomical term of position and direction denoting towards the head or elevated in place or position
297
Supplemental fluid
fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection
298
Surface compress
a wet or dry cloth applied firmly to a body part
299
Surface embalming
direct contact of body tissues with embalming chemicals
300
Surface discoloration
discoloration due to the deposit of matter on the skin surface
301
Surface pack
absorbent material or compress saturated with an embalming chemical and placed in direct contact with the tissue
302
Surfactant
chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion and surface tension of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures
303
Tardieu spots
postmortem extravascular blood discoloration caused by the rupture of minute vessels as blood settles into the dependent areas of the body
304
Terminal disinfection
disinfection carried out after the embalming process
305
Tissue gas
postmortem formation of gas associated with anaerobic gas forming bacilli, most commonly, Clostridium perfringens
306
Topical disinfection
disinfection of the surface of the body or an object
307
Transverse
anatomical term of position and direction denoting lying at right angles to the long axis of the body
308
Trocar
sharply-pointed aspirating instrument used in cavity embalming to remove gases, liquids, and semi-solids from the body cavities and hollow organs and inject cavity fluid
309
Trocar button
plastic, threaded screw-like device for sealing punctures
310
Trocar guide
an anatomical structure or a line visualized on the surface of the body used to locate internal structures for cavity embalming
311
Universal precautions
an approach to infection control in which all human blood and certain 28human body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious
312
Vacuum breaker
apparatus that prevents the back-siphoning of contaminated liquids into potable water supply lines or plumbing cross-connections within the preparation room
313
Vehicle
liquid that serves as a solvent for embalming fluids
314
Viscera
internal organs enclosed within a cavity
315
Viscosity
the thickness of a liquid
316
Water conditioner
agent used to remove elements from the water supply
317
Work practice controls
procedures that reduce the likelihood of exposure to a hazard by altering the manner in which a task is performed
