Terms

Question 1

Any physical quantity that varies with time, space, or any other independent variable/s.

Answer 1

Signal

Question 2

A pattern of variations of a physical quantity that can be manipulated, stored, or transmitted by a physical process.

Answer 2

Signal

Question 3

An information variable represented by a physical quantity. (For digital systems, the variable takes on discrete values.)

Answer 3

Signal

Question 4

A physical device that performs an operation on a signal.

Answer 4

System

Question 5

Deals with the enhancement, extraction, and representation of information for communication or analysis.

Answer 5

Signal Processing

Question 6

A field of numerical mathematics that is concerned with the processing of discrete signals.

Answer 6

Digital Signal Processing

Question 7

This area of mathematics deals with the principles that underlie all digital systems.

Answer 7

Digital Signal Processing

Question 8

Multichannel and Multidimensional Signals vs Single Chanel

Answer 8

MC: stereos, TV audios
MD: earthquake (depth, coverage)

Single: combined into one

Question 9

Continuous-Time vs Discrete-Time

Answer 9

Continuous: present anywhere
Discrete: specific signal at a particular parameter

Question 10

Discrete-Valued vs Continuous-Valued

Answer 10

Discrete: value of peak at that instant of time
Continuous: target range of operation at a given parameter

Question 11

Random vs Deterministic

Answer 11

Random: present anywhere, anytime, aka stochastic signal
Deterministic: specific range, corresponding interpretation

Question 12

Conversion of continuous-time signal into a discrete-time signal obtained by taking samples of CT signals at DT instants

Answer 12

Sampling

Question 13

Conversion of DT continuous-valued signal into a DT, discrete-valued (digital) signal.

Answer 13

Quantization

Question 14

Difference between the unquantized sample x(n) and the quantized output x_q(n)

Answer 14

Quantization Error

Question 15

Each discrete value x_q(n) is represented by a b-bit binary sequence

Answer 15

Coding

Question 16

The time interval T between successive samples

Answer 16

Sampling period o sample interval

Question 17

Reciprocal of time interval T = 1/T = Fs

Answer 17

Sampling rate (samples/second) or sampling frequency (Hz)

Question 18

Two conditions must be met under the Sampling Theorem.

Answer 18

The signal x(t) must be bandlimited, and the sampling rate fs must be chosen to be at least twice the maximum frequency fmax.

Question 19

Converts a binary digital number into an analog representation, such as voltage or current.

Answer 19

DAC

Question 20

Smallest observable change in the analog output that can be effected by a single step change in the digital input.

Answer 20

Resolution

Question 21

A measurement of the maximum speed at which the DAC’s
circuitry can operate and still produce the correct output.

Answer 21

Sampling Rate

Question 22

Determined by the time it takes to perform the
conversion process.

Answer 22

Conversion Speed

Question 23

Interval between a command to update (change) its output value and the instant it reaches its final value, within a specified percentage.

Answer 23

Settling Time

Question 24

Specifies the accuracy.

Answer 24

Linearity

Question 25

The degree to which each output step (or code width) varies from the ideal step, which is generally more critical when outputting small signals.

Answer 25

Differential Nonlinearity

Question 26

Measures the deviation of the entire transfer function from the ideal function and is generally more critical for outputting large signals.

Answer 26

Integral nonlinearity

Question 27

Minimum rate at which a signal can be sampled without introducing errors, which is twice the highest frequency present in the signal.

Answer 27

Nyquist frequency

Question 28

An effect that makes different signals indistinguishable when sampled.

Answer 28

Aliasing

Question 29

It also refers to the difference between a signal reconstructed from samples and the original continuous signal, when the resolution is too low.

Answer 29

Aliasing

Question 30

Aliasing depends on...

Answer 30

the sampling rate and frequency content of the signal.

Question 31

Passes all the appropriate input frequencies and cuts off all the undesired frequencies.

Answer 31

Anti-Aliasing Filters

Question 32

Something that conveys information, represented mathematically as functions of one or more independent variables.

Answer 32

Signal

Question 33

The output y[n] at every value of n depends only on the input x[n] at the same value of n.

Answer 33

Memoryless System

Question 34

A system is _____ if, for every choice of N0 the output sequence value at the index n = n0 depends only on the input sequence value for n≤n0.

Answer 34

Causal

Question 35

Representation of general sequence as a linear combination of delayed impulse

Answer 35

Convolution