terms Flashcards
(375 cards)
1
Q
abdominal
A
space between the diaphragm and hip bones; houses the major digestive organs
2
Q
abortion
A
premature expulsion of a fetus, either by nature or intent
3
Q
abrasion
A
irritation of skin or mucous membrane
4
Q
adipose
A
fat
5
Q
adrenal
A
adrenal glands; near the kidneys
6
Q
afterbirth
A
placenta and fetal membranes expelled from uterus in parturition
7
Q
albino
A
genetic trait causing lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises of the eye
8
Q
alimentary
A
food or nutrition (alimentary canal)
9
Q
alter
A
to neuter a male animal or spay a female animal
10
Q
anal
A
the region of the anus
11
Q
anatomical position
A
standing on all four legs, neck straight, head up, and facing forward
12
Q
anemia
A
red blood cell deficiency
13
Q
anesthetic
A
relating to anesthesia; an anesthetic agent, causing a loss of feeling
14
Q
antebrachial
A
the forearm, lower front leg
15
Q
anterior
A
nearer the front of the body or to the head
16
Q
antibiotic
A
substance that destroys or inhibits disease-causing bacteria
17
Q
antibody
A
substance formed by the body to counteract antigens
18
Q
anticoagulant
A
substance that hinders blood clotting
19
Q
antigen
A
substance that stimulates the body?s immune system
20
Q
antiseptic
A
clean; preventing the growth of microorganisms
21
Q
antivenin
A
substance that counteracts the toxicity of venom
22
Q
aortic
A
the aorta (largest artery)
23
Q
apnea
A
periodic cessation of breathing
24
Q
appendicular
A
legs (appendages, extremities)
25
arterial
arteries or the blood in them
26
arthritis
joint inflammation
27
articular
pertaining to a joint
28
articulation
the joint or juncture of two or more body parts
29
artificial insemination
introduction of semen into the uterus by other than natural means
30
aseptic technique
procedure for preventing contamination during sterile procedures
31
aspirator
hollow instrument used to withdraw fluid, especially from body cavities, cysts, or joints
32
autoclave
device used to sterilize instruments with pressurized, superheated steam
33
autonomic
occurring involuntarily
34
avulsion
detachment or tearing away of a body part
35
axial
the head, neck, and body
36
axillary
the armpit area (front leg)
37
bacteria
microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments
38
billy goat
male goat
39
biopsy
removal and examination of tissues for diagnosis
40
boar
male pig
41
bowel
division of the intestine
42
brachial
the arm, upper front leg
43
breed (n.)
group of related animals similar enough to produce similar offspring
44
breed (v.)
to supervise the sexual propagation of animals
45
bronchial
pertaining to air tubes of the lungs
46
brood
offspring from one hatching of a bird?s eggs
47
broody
hen sitting on eggs
48
brucellosis
an infection caused by brucella bacteria
49
buccal
inner surfaces of the cheeks
50
buck
male deer, goat, rabbit, or kangaroo
51
bull
male of various large mammals, especially cattle
52
bullock
castrated bull or steer
53
calf
bovine younger than one year
54
canine distemper
viral disease in dogs
55
canine parvovirus
virus disease in dogs
56
capillary
smallest blood vessels
57
capon
neutered rooster
58
cardiac
pertaining to the heart
59
cardiac muscle tissue
specialized form of involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart
60
cardiomyopathy
chronic disorder of the heart
61
cardiovascular
pertaining to the heart and blood vessels
62
carpal
the wrist
63
castration
removal of the testicles; neutering a male animal
64
catheter
tube inserted into narrow opening for removal or introduction of fluids
65
catheterization
introduction of a catheter into a body part
66
caudal
the tail
67
cavity
space or hollow within the body
68
celiac
the abdomen
69
cephalic
the head
70
cerebral
pertaining to the brain, particularly the cerebrum
71
cervical
the neck
72
cesarean section
removal of unborn young by surgical incision into the uterus
73
chick
young bird, especially a chicken
74
chromosome
bodies within the cell nucleus that store genetic information
75
cilia
small hairlike structures
76
circulatory
pertaining to blood circulation
77
clamp
surgical instrument used to compress blood vessel or close off end of intestine
78
cloaca
urogenital chamber of birds into which the intestinal, urinary, and generative canals discharge
79
clutch
group of eggs laid at one time by a bird
80
coagulant
agent that produces blood clotting
81
cob
male swan
82
coccygeal
tail area
83
cock
male chicken older than one year
84
cockerel
male chicken younger than one year
85
colic
acute abdominal pain; common in horses
86
collateral
secondary or accessory
87
colon
part of the large intestine
88
colostrum
protein- and antibody-rich milk secreted by the mother after giving birth
89
colt
male horse before maturity
90
compress
folded cloth or pad applied so as to press on a body part
91
congenital
condition existing at birth but not hereditary
92
connective tissue
tissue specializing in connection and support of body parts
93
constipation
infrequent, difficult passage of dry feces
94
convulsion
uncontrolled, violent muscle contraction
95
copulatory
pertaining to sexual intercourse
96
coronary
regarding the heart
97
costal
ribs
98
cow
female of various large animals, especially cattle
99
cranial
the skull
100
crural
the leg
101
cubital
the elbow or forearm
102
curette
spoon-shaped instrument used to scrape tissue from body cavities
103
cutaneous
relating to the skin
104
cygnet
young swan
105
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
106
dam
female parent
107
deciduous
falling out at the end of a stage or season; first set of teeth
108
deep
a region below the surfaces of the body
109
dental
pertaining to teeth or dentistry
110
diabetes insipidus
diabetic condition caused by pituitary disorder
111
diabetes mellitus
diabetic condition caused by an inadequate supply of insulin
112
diaphragm
muscular wall dividing thoracic and abdominal cavities
113
diaphragmatic
pertaining to the diaphragm
114
diastolic
regarding the relaxation of the heart muscle, allowing heart chambers to fill with blood
115
digestive
regarding the conversion of food into chemical substances the body uses
116
digital
pertaining to fingers or toes
117
disinfectant
agent that destroys infection
118
dissociative agent
anesthetic that chemically dissociates (separates out) perceptions of pain
119
distal
a direction away from the point of origin
120
docking
cosmetic surgical removal of a portion of a dog?s tail
121
doe
adult female goat or deer
122
dorsal
the back
123
drain
tube or wick used to draw fluid from body cavity to surface
124
drain tube
tube used to drain fluid from inside body
125
drake
male duck
126
duckling
young duck
127
duodenal
pertaining to the duodenum
128
duodenum
the first or proximal portion of the small intestine
129
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
130
embryo
undeveloped fetus; the young in an early stage of development
131
emesis
vomiting
132
endocrine
secreting internally; relating to endocrine glands
133
endogenous
originating from within the organism
134
endoscope
slender, tubular instrument used for viewing and examining internal body parts
135
endotracheal
placement of a tube through the trachea as in intubation
136
enema
injection of liquid through the anus to empty the intestine
137
epidermal
relating to the outer layer of skin
138
epigastric
the region above the stomach
139
epiphysis
part of bone where growth occurs; often a breakage site in young animals
140
epithelial tissue
tissue that protects, lines, or surrounds body organs
141
esophagus
tubular food passage between the neck and stomach
142
estrus
time of reproductive cycle when the female is receptive to mating
143
euthanasia
humane painless killing of an injured or ill animal
144
ewe
female sheep of breeding age
145
excretory
relating to the discharge of waste
146
exocrine
external secretion of a gland
147
exogenous
originating from outside the organism
148
external
occurring on the outside
149
extremities
terminal portions: legs, feet, hooves, paws
150
fascial
connective tissue membrane
151
fecal
relating to feces (stool or excrement)
152
feline infectious peritonitis
infectious inflammation of the peritoneum of cats peritonitis
153
feline panleukopenia
viral disease affecting white blood cells
154
feline urolithiasis
condition in cats; caused by mineral deposits in the urinary tract
155
femoral
the thigh
156
fertilization
union of the sperm and egg
157
fetus
unborn developing animal
158
filly
female horse under four years old
159
fledgling
young bird just learning to fly
160
float
instrument used to file or rasp a horse?s premolar and molar teeth
161
fluoroscope
fluorescent screen on which X-rays may be viewed
162
foal
young or newborn horse
163
forceps
any of the various instruments used to grasp and pull objects
164
forearm
the portion of the arm between the elbow and the carpus
165
fracture
break in bone
166
frontal
the forehead
167
gander
male goose
168
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
169
gelding
neutered male horse
170
gene
part of chromosomes carrying hereditary information
171
genetic
relating to biological heredity
172
genital
pertaining to the reproductive organs
173
genitalia
part of the reproductive anatomy
174
gestation period
time between conception and birth of an offspring
175
gilt
young female pig
176
gluteal
the buttock
177
gobbler
male turkey
178
gosling
young goose
179
gravid
pregnant; containing developing young
180
groin
the region between the abdomen and the thigh
181
halitosis
bad breath
182
heat
estrus condition
183
heifer
young cow
184
hematocrit
laboratory procedure to determine the percentage of red blood cells in the blood
185
hemophilia
condition of delayed blood clotting
186
hemostat
device used to stop or prevent hemorrhaging
187
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
188
hereditary
transmissible from parent to offspring; genetically determined
189
herpes virus
viral disease that causes upper respiratory symptoms
190
hormonal
relating to hormones
191
hyperthyroidism
excessive function of the thyroid gland
192
hypertrophy
exaggerated growth
193
hypochondrium
the region below the cartilage of the ribs
194
hypodermic
needle and syringe used for injection under the skin
195
hypogastric
areas below the stomach
196
hypothyroidism
deficient activity of the thyroid gland
197
iliac
the hip bone
198
immunity
ability to resist disease
199
incision
cut made into the body
200
inguinal
the groin
201
inguinal hernia
protrusion of tissue through inguinal canals of males
202
inhalant
medication administered via the respiratory tract
203
inhalant anesthesia
anesthesia administered by inhaling
204
integumentary
pertaining to the skin of the body
205
internal
occurring on the inside
206
intestinal
pertaining to the large or small intestine
207
involuntary muscle
muscle tissues that are automatically controlled by the nervous system tissue
208
jack
male donkey; jackass
209
jenny
female donkey
210
kid
young goat
211
kitten
young cat
212
laceration
wound of body tissue
213
lamb
young sheep
214
lancet
wide, two-edged, pointed surgical knife
215
larynx
upper part of the trachea (windpipe)
216
lateral
the side; away from midline
217
lateral recumbency
lying on the side, left or right
218
leptospirosis
infectious bacterial canine disease
219
lethargic
sluggish
220
leukemia
disease of the white blood cells
221
ligature
nylon, wire, or catgut tied around a structure to prevent bleeding
222
litter
several offspring from one birth, especially in mammals
223
local anesthesia
anesthesia used to numb a specific area without causing loss of consciousness
224
lumbar
pertaining to the lower back
225
luxation
dislocation
226
lymphatic
pertaining to lymph or lymphatic vessels
227
lymphosarcoma
malignant lymph tumor
228
malignant catarrhal fever
mucous membrane inflammation; common in cattle
229
mammary
breasts
230
mammary glands
glands of female mammals that secrete milk after parturition
231
mare
female horse four years or older
232
mastitis
inflammation of the breast
233
medial
the middle; toward midline
234
mediastinum
the mass of tissues and organs separating the two lungs
235
metabolic
relating to metabolism
236
midsagittal
a line dividing the body at its exact median into two near?mirror images; also called medial
237
miscarriage
expulsion of underdeveloped fetus
238
monestrous
having one estrus period per year
239
mongrel
mixed-breed dog; a mutt
240
mucous (adj.)
secreting mucus or covered by mucus
241
mucus (n.)
slippery secretion of mucous membranes; acts like a lubrication
242
muscle tissue
tissue with the power to contract and thus produce movement; can be skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, or cardiac muscle
243
muscular
pertaining to the muscles
244
nanny goat
female goat
245
neonate
newborn animal
246
nerve tissue
tissue that carries nerve impulses
247
nervous
pertaining to the nerves
248
nest
structure made or place chosen for breeding or laying eggs
249
neuter
removal of the reproductive organs
250
neutralize
counteract the effect of
251
nuptial plumage
brilliant mating-season plumage exhibited by some birds, usually males
252
occipital
the back of the skull
253
ophthalmic
the eyes
254
ophthalmoscope
instrument that directs fine beams of light into eye to examine its interior
255
oral
the mouth
256
orbital
the bony cavity that contains the eyeball
257
oviparous
animals whose eggs develop outside the mother?s body
258
ovoviviparous
animals whose eggs develop within the mother?s oviduct
259
palmar
the sole of the front foot
260
palpate
examine by touch
261
parainfluenza
viral infection of the respiratory tract
262
parasite
organism living on or in another organism
263
parturition
process of giving birth
264
patellar
the knee
265
pathology
the structural and functional signs of disease, or study of its essential nature
266
pectoral
the chest
267
pedal
the foot
268
pelvic
the caudal portion of the body
269
pen
female swan
270
perineal
the region between the anus and the genitals
271
peritoneum
membrane lining the abdominal cavity and viscera
272
piglet
young pig
273
placenta
organ within the gravid uterus, expelled after birthing
274
planes
sections of body space
275
plantar
the sole of the hind foot
276
pleural cavity
space between lungs and pleura
277
pneumonic pasteurellosis
infection of the lungs; found in cattle
278
pneumothorax
air in the pleural cavity
279
polydipsia
excessive thirst
280
polyestrous
having more than one estrous period per year
281
polyphagia
excessive appetite
282
polyuria
excessive urination
283
popliteal
the region behind the knee
284
posterior
the back
285
pouch
fold of skin for carrying young on abdomen of female marsupial
286
pregnancy
condition in which offspring develop in the female uterus
287
prepuce
protective sheath covering the penis
288
probe
thin, flexible, metal rod with blunt end, used to explore cavities and wounds
289
prolapse
slipping of a body part from its usual position
290
proximal
an area near the point of origin
291
pullet
female chicken younger than one year
292
puncture (n.)
a wound made with a pointed object or instrument
293
puncture (v.)
to pierce with a pointed object or instrument
294
pup
young dog or seal
295
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the kidney and pelvis caused by bacterial infection
296
quadrants
one of four sections in the abdominopelvic area
297
queen
mature female cat used for breeding
298
rabies
acute infectious viral disease of the central nervous system
299
radiograph
X-ray image
300
radiology
the use of radiant energy (X-rays) in diagnosis and treatment
301
ram
sexually mature male sheep (about six months of age or older)
302
recumbent
lying down
303
reduction
manipulating broken bones to correct position
304
regional anesthesia
anesthesia applied to a limb or an entire section of the body
305
reproductive
concerning the production of offspring
306
respiratory
pertaining to the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and body cells
307
retractor
instrument that draws aside edges of skin or tissue to expose operational site
308
rooster
male chicken
309
rostral
toward the nose
310
rupture
tearing or breaking apart of a tissue
311
sacral
the portion of the spine located near the pelvis
312
sagittal plane
a plane that divides the body vertically into right and left parts
313
scalpel
small, pointed surgical knife with convex blade edge, used to cut tissue
314
scope
flexible fiber-optic instrument for inspection of body interior
315
sedative
tranquilizing drug
316
serology
tests using blood serum
317
shoat
pig under one year old
318
sire
male parent of any quadruped, especially a horse
319
skeletal
pertaining to the bones of the body
320
smear
material spread on a slide for microscopic examination
321
sow
female pig
322
spay
to remove the ovaries and uterus; to neuter a female animal
323
specimen
small amount of a body fluid used in laboratory tests
324
speculum
instrument that holds open a cavity, especially vagina or ear, for inspection
325
spinal cavity
spaces within the vertebrae; houses the spinal cord
326
squab
fledgling pigeon
327
stag
male deer
328
stallion
male horse
329
steer
neutered bull
330
sterile
free from microorganisms
331
sternal recumbency
lying on the belly
332
stethoscope
diaphragm connected to earpieces, used to listen to sounds within the body
333
stimulant
drug that produces increased body functions
334
stitches
sterile thread used to close a wound or surgical opening; suture
335
striated
striped, as in the appearance of voluntary (skeletal) muscles
336
stud
male horse used for breeding
337
superficial
a region close to the surface of the body
338
surgery
operative or manual procedure to correct a health condition
339
surgical gloves
sterile gloves worn by operating room personnel
340
surgical gown
sterile cotton gown worn by operating room personnel; scrub suit
341
surgical mask
cotton mask worn over mouth
342
surgical needle
suture needle
343
surgical sponge
soft, sterile material that absorbs blood and body fluids during surgery
344
surgical staple
device used to close surgical opening without sutures
345
suture
sterile thread used to close a wound or surgical opening; stitch
346
suture needle
needle used to make sutures; surgical needle
347
symptom
indication of the presence of disease, also referred to as signs
348
syringe
piston in tube attached to hollow needle
349
tarsal
the ankle or hock
350
temporal
the side of the skull
351
tetanus
infectious disease usually introduced through a wound
352
thoracic
the chest
353
thoracic cavity
space between the neck and diaphragm; houses the lungs
354
tom
male cat or turkey
355
topical anesthesia
anesthesia applied to the skin to ?numb? a surface area
356
toxic
poisonous
357
toxoplasmosis
a contagious disease of all species caused by Toxoplasma gondii
358
transverse (or cross- sectional) plane
a plane that divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior parts
359
umbilical
the navel
360
umbilical cord
vessel connecting the fetus to the placenta
361
urinary
pertaining to the system of urine excretion
362
urogenital
pertaining to organs of excretion and reproduction
363
vaccine
immunization agent
364
vagina
female passage for copulation and birthing
365
vascular
relating to vessels for passage of bodily fluids
366
ventral
a direction toward the belly
367
viscus (pl. viscera)
internal organ(s), particularly of the abdominal cavity
368
viviparous
giving birth to live young developed in the uterus
369
vixen
female fox
370
voluntary muscle tissue
muscle tissues controlled by conscious effort; also called skeletal muscle
371
wether
neutered ram or billy goat
372
whelp (verb)
giving birth to, said especially of dogs
373
X-ray machine
device that emits radiation and takes diagnostic radiographic photos
374
zoonosis
disease of animals that can be transmitted to humans
375
zygomatic
the cheek
